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Unit12Lifeisfulloftheunexpected.,SectionAGrammarFocus,Reviewandpreparation,LookatthepicturesandtalkaboutMarysday.,overslept,tookashower,gottothebusstop,rantoschool,leftherbackpack,ranbacktoschool,gotbacktoschool,classstarted,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,GrammarFocus,一、概念过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束,也可能是早已完成或结束,即“过去的过去”;也可以指过去的动作延续到过去的某个时刻。二、结构“had+动词的过去分词”,过去完成时,三、用法,表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或存在的状态。句中常用by,before,when,until等词引导时间状语。它是以过去某一时间为起点,所以过去完成时是一个相对的时态,表示的是“过去的过去”。只有和过去某时间或某动作相比较时才能用到它。例:Mostoftheguestshadleftwhenhearrivedattheparty.当他到达晚会时,他发现大多数客人已经离开了。,2.过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去,常与for,since等词连用。例:WhenJackarrived,Maryhadbeenawayforalmostanhour.当杰克到时,玛丽已经离开快一个小时。MygrandmotherhadbeendeadsinceNovemberlastyear.,【实战演练】,用所给词的适当形式填空。1.WhenIgottherethebus_(go).2.BythetimeIgottoclass,theteacher_(start)teaching.3.We_(learn)over1,000wordsbytheendoflastterm.4.I_(clean)theroombeforehearrivedhere.,hadgone,hadstarted,hadlearnt,hadcleaned,bythetime意为“到时候(为止)”,是一个介词短语,在句中常起到连词的作用,引导时间状语从句。例:Bythetimeyoucameback,Ihadfinishedthisbook.你回来时我已经把这本书看完了。(从句谓语动词cameback为一般过去时,所以主句动作用过去完成时hadfinished,表示过去的过去。),bytheendof+时间点意为“到结束时”+过去的时间点,主句用过去完成时;例:Bytheendoflastyear,IhadstayedinXianforsevenyears.到去年结束时,我已经在西安待了7年了。Bytheendoflastweek,theyhadcompletedthebridge.,(2)by+时间点意为“到为止;截止时”+现在的时间点,主句用现在完成时;例:Bynow,Ihavefinishedallmyhomework.截止现在,我已经完成了所有的作业。+过去的时间点,主句用过去完成时;例:Byyesterday,thebuildinghadbeencompleted.截止昨天,这个建筑就已经完成了。,1.Timwentintothebathroom.Marygotup._2.Thecoffeebecamecold.Iputcreaminthecoffee._,4aMakesentencesusingbythetimeorbefore.,BythetimeMarygotup,Timhadalreadygoneintothebathroom.,BeforeIputcreaminthecoffee,thecoffeehadbecomecold.,3.Theteachercollectedthemathhomework.Igottoschool._4.Icompletedtheworkformyboss.Theworkdayended._,BythetimeIgottoschool,theteacherhadcollectedthemathhomework.,Bythetimetheworkdayended,Ihadcompletedtheworkformyboss.,5.Themoviestarted.Iarrivedatthecinema._6.Mymotherfinishedmakingtheapplepie.Igothomefrommylanguagecourse._,BythetimeIarrivedatthecinema,themoviehadstarted.,BythetimeIgothomefrommylanguagecourse,mymotherhadfinishedmakingtheapplepie.,BythetimeIarrivedattheparty,everyoneelse_already_.2.Whenheputthenoodlesintoabowl,herealizedhe_toaddthegreenbeans.,4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.,rushoutforgetarriveatgointoshowupfindout,had,shownup,hadforgotten,Bythetimemymothercamebackfromthemarket,Ialready_thedoortogoformypianolesson.4.Beforeshegottotheairport,she_abouttheearthquake.5.Whenshe_themovietheater,sherememberedshehadforgottentofeedherdog.6.Beforeshegotachancetosaygoodbye,he_thebuilding.,hadrushedout,hadforgotten,arrivedat,hadgoneinto,Exercises,()1Heaskedme_duringthesummerholidays.A.whereIhadbeenB.whereIhadgoneC.wherehadIbeenD.wherehadIgone()2.What_Jane_bythetimehewassever?A.did,doB.has,doneCdid,did.D.had,done()3.I_900EnglishwordsbythetimeIwasten。A.learnedB.waslearningC.hadlearnedD.learnt()4.Shesaidshe_theprinciplealreadyA.hasseenB.sawC.willseeD.hadseen()5.Bythetimemyparentsreachedhomeyesterday,I_thedinneralready.AhadcookedB.cookedC.havecookedD.wascooked,A,D,C,D,A,用动词的适当形式填空1.We_(paint)thehousebeforewe_(move)in.2.Thatricholdman_(make)awillbeforehe_(die).3.They_(study)themapofthecountrybeforethey_(leave).4.Therobbers_(runaway)beforethepolicemen_(arrive).5.I_(turnoff)allthelightsbeforeI_(go)tobed.,hadpainted,moved,hadmade,died,hadstudied,left,hadrunaway,arrived,hadturnedoff,went,6.Paul_(go)outwithJaneafterhe_(make)aphonecall.7.Tom_(say)he_(read)thebooktwice.8.Ourplan_(fail)becausewe_(make)abadmistake.9.Whenthechairman_(finish)speaking,he_(leave)thehall.10.TheReads_(have)lunchwhenI_(get)totheirhouse,went,hadmade,said,hadread,failed,hadmade,(had)finished,left,hadhad,got,按要求完成下面的句子。1.ShehasgonetoShanghai.(用bythetimeIarrivedhere改写句子)2.BythetimeIarrived,Tomhadfinishedthework.(对画线部分提问),ShehadgonetoShanghaibythetimeIarrivedthere.,WhathadTomdonebythetimeyouarrived?,3.JennyhadalreadycleanedtheroomwhenIcalledher.(改为否定句)JennyhadntcleanedtheroomwhenIcalledher.4.Hehadleftbeforeshecouldsayaword.(改为一般疑问句

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