同等学力写作技巧 PPT课件

1,Directions:inthispart,youaretowriteacompositionofnolessthan150wordsabout“Sandstorms”.Youshouldwriteaccordingtothecluegivenbelow.RemembertowriteitclearlyontheCompositionSheet.(水土流失：soilerosion;过度伐木：excessivedeforestation),2,2005年真题,Directions:inthispart,youaretowriteacompositionofnolessthan150wordsabout“WhetherCollegeStudentsShouldbeAllowedtoGetMarried”.Youshouldwriteaccordingtotheoutlinggivenbelow.RemembertowriteitclearlyontheAnswerSheet.Outline:1.Chooseeitherofthetwopositions:collegestudentsshould(not)beallowedtogetmarried.2.Stateyourreasonsfororagaisnttheissue.3.Conclusion.,3,2006年真题,Directions:inthispart,youaretowriteacompositionofnolessthan150wordsabout“CollegeGraduatesWorkasVillageOfficials”.Youshouldwriteaccordingtotheoutlinggivenbelow.RemembertowriteitclearlyontheAnswerSheet.Outline:1.Doyouthinkitisagoodidea?2.Whatcantheyofferthecountryside?3.Whatcantheygainfromtheirvillagepositions?,4,2007年真题,Directions:inthispart,youaretowriteacompositionofnolessthan150wordsabout“WhoandHowtoTakeCareoftheSeniors?”.Youshouldwriteaccordingtothecluegivenbelow.RemembertowriteitclearlyontheCompositionSheet.Chinasagingpopulationisincreasing.Wearefacedwiththeproblemofwhoandhowtotakecareoftheseniors.(敬老院：HomefortheSeniors;独生子女政策：one-childpolicy;独生子女：onlychild),5,2008年真题,Directions:Inthispart,youaretowritewithin30minutesacompositionofnolessthan150wordsonSelf-confidenceIsaKeytoSuccess.Youcouldfollowthecluessuggestedbythepicturegivenbelow.RemembertowritethecompositionclearlyontheANSWERSHEET.,6,2009年真题,Directions:inthispart,youaretowriteacompositionofnolessthan150wordsabout“MyopinionAboutBlog”.Youshouldwriteaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.RemembertowriteitclearlyontheCompositionSheet.Blogisanon-linediarythatonekeepsonhisfrequentlyupdatedpersonalwebpage.Blogoftenreflectsthepersonalityandexperienceoftheauthor.Outline:1.introductoryremarks.2.Myopinionaboutblog.Fororagainst,andreasons,orwhatIthinkblogcando.3.Conclusion.,7,2010年真题,Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionofnolessthan150words.YourcompositionshouldbebasedonthefollowingtwoquestionsafteryouhavereadthestorygiveninChinese.第二稿英国史学家卡莱尔经过多年的伏案，写成了“法国大革命史的全部文稿。那时候没有电脑，一切都得用手来完成，而且难得有“备份”。卡莱尔写完后的第一件事，就是将它交给最信任的好友米尔去完善。然而就在第二天，手稿被米尔家的女佣当作废纸丢进了火炉！而且，更糟糕的是，为了保持书房的整洁，卡莱尔每写完一章，随手把原来的笔记、草稿撕碎。可以想见卡莱尔当时的心情，但他很快就平静下来，反而安慰伤心的米尔：“没关系，就当我作文交给老师批阅，老师说这篇不行，重写一次吧，你可以写得更好！”卡莱尔再起炉灶，重写这部巨著。如今人们读到的法国大革命史，就是他的第二稿。这一稿的质量，无论文字上还是内涵上，都达到了卡莱尔写作的巅峰1.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthestory?2.Whatdoyoulearnfromit?,8,2011年真题,Directions：Inthispart,youaretowritewithin30minutesacompassionofnolessthan150wordsunderthetitleof“HowtoHandleStress”Thecluesgivenbellowareforyourreferenceonly,NOTtheoutlineyoushouldfollowPleaseremembertowriteyourcompositionclearlyontheCOMPOSITIONSHEET1Commonsourcesofstress2Healthywaystoreducestress3Howyouhaveovercomestressfulsituations,9,2012年真题,Directions:Inthispart,youaretowritewithin30minutesacompositionoflessthan150wordsunderthetitleof“MyFavoriteWayofKeepingFit”.SomecluesaregivenbelowinChinese.PleasewriteyourcompositionclearlyontheCOMPOSITIONSHEET.保持健康有多种做法我最喜欢的做法是.。,10,2013年真题,Directions：Writeacompositionofatleast150wordsaboutthetopic:ThepossibilityofusingthemobilephonetostudyEnglish(oranyothersubject).Youshouldwriteaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.1.我认为手机（不）可以用来学习英语或其他知识2.理由是。3.结论,11,2014年真题,Directions:Writeacompositioninnolessthan150wordsonthetopic:AWaytoSuccess.ReadthefollowingarticleinChinese,thenwriteaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.WriteyourcompositionontheAnswerSheet.1.根据以上文章写一篇读后感；2.你如何看待小刘的成功之道；3.关于成功你有什么经验和建议？,12,2014年真题,大学毕业时，小刘决定不找工作。他默默地从事起了网络翻译工作。当时几乎没有人看好他，大家认为，大学刚毕业，最好找一个好单位，学点本领、积累点经验，然后才能有好出路。5年过去了，虽然我们很多人毕业时都信誓旦旦地说，一旦在单位里学到本领，积累够经验，就出去打拼一番属于自己的事业，但大多数人在单位这个避风港里，已经失去了面对大风浪和新环境的勇气，辞职创业逐渐成了空谈。可小刘已经开了公司，成为了一名成功的企业主。在一次同学会上，小刘说出了他的“秘密”。他说，“成功往往取决于你敢不敢往人少的地方走，这可能会有风险，但因为没人或很少有人走过，留给你的可能是硕果累累。走别人开辟的老路，虽然看起来很安全，但因为走的人太多，财务与资源大多已被人占有。即使幸运地发现了一小部分，也必然会被蜂拥而至的人群争抢与瓜分。”,13,写作题型,观点型（MyView型)：要求作者评论某事物，综合其他观点，然后再发表自己的观点，或从某一现象引申出作者对它的看法。“CollegeGraduatesWorkasVillageOfficials”(2006)两面型（AB型）：对某一事件的优缺点或利弊进行正反两方面的剖析，最后得出自己的结论。“WhetherCollegeStudentsShouldbeAllowedtoGetMarried”(2005)问题型（How型):按过程顺序或因果顺序阐述某一问题或现象的解决对策，如“WhoandHowtoTakeCareoftheSeniors?”(2007)综合运用型（What,Why型):首先说明事物的构造，性质与功能；其次阐述其存在的利弊，以及人们如何趋利避害、最大限度发挥新事物的作用。“MyopinionAboutBlog”(2009),14,1.CauseandEffect因果型主题段：引入话题，概括说明某种现象。扩展段：现象后面的原因（原因一、二、三）总结段：措施或建议e.g.LimitingTheUseofDisposablePlasticBags2.Myviewon看法型A主题段：你对某种现象的看法。扩展段：这种现象具有什么样的积极意义。总结段：如果你是参与者，你能得到什么。e.g.CollegeGraduatesChoosetoServetheWesternChina,提纲详解,15,3.Myviewon看法型B主题段：人们对这种现象的看法是什么。扩展段：而你认为这样的看法有些偏颇,并反驳这种看法。总结段：重申你的立场和观点。e.g.CompetitionandCooperation4.AdvantageandDisadvantage利弊型主题段：引入话题/对该问题的不同看法。扩展段:一方观点(支持意见/有利一面)/具体的论据过渡句陈述另一方观点(反对意见/不利一面)/具体的论据总结段：比较各方观点，表明自己的立场和看法。e.g.ProsandConsofInternet,16,5.WhyandHow综合型主题段：引入话题，引出现象。扩展段：分析造成这种现象的问题和原因。总结段：针对每种问题的起因列举出相应的解决方案和措施。总结/提出倡议/展望未来e.g.TheBestWaytoStayHealthyHowtoSolveHousingProblemsinBigCities?,17,写作问题分析,1、不会审题，偏离主题2、用汉语思维，逐字翻译3、用词搭配不当4、词汇量小，表达困难，拼写错误5、句子逻辑关系混乱6、不会运用关联词转承上下句子和段落7、语法错误,18,1.分不清及物动词与不及物动词，如rise和raise;hear和listen.2.被动语态和主动语态的误用，如interesting和interested;speaking和spoken.3.词类混淆，如benefit和beneficial;difficultdifficulty;pleasure和pleased.4.混淆可数名词和不可数名词，例如advice，suggestion,information,experience.5.冠词、情态动词、介词、代词等方面的错误，如aEnglishbook,shoulddid,onmyview,foraninstance.,19,PeoplelearnEnglishtouseit.Somelearnittostudyorworkabroad.OtherslearnittoreadbooksandmagazinesinEnglishorhavesomethingtodowithEnglish-speakingforeigners.PeoplelearnEnglishforpracticalpurposes:somelearnittostudyorworkabroad,whileotherslearnittoreadorcommunicateinEnglish.Thecardashedintothejungle.Thecarwokeupthesleepinganimals.Thecardashedintothejungle,wakingupthesleepinganimals.,20,Therearemanycollegegraduatesnow.Theyfindithardtogetajobinbigcities.Incountryside,manyjobsareavailableforthem.Collegestudentscaneasilyfindtheirjobsascountryofficials.SoIthinkcollegegraduatescanworkthere.Itisagoodidea.Manycollegegraduatestodayfindithardtogetasatisfactoryjobinbigcitieswhereasincountrysidemanyjobsareavailableforthemsuchasvillageofficials.Ithinkitisagoodideaforcollegegraduatestohaveatrythere,21,仔细审题,确定中心,拟定提纲,落笔成文,Newspapersplayanimportantroleinourlives.GetallkindsofnewsUnderstandthedevelopingworldTeachusmanyusefulthingsEnrichuswithcommonsense,22,1.切题2.能提供充分有力的证据，包括推论、事实、数据、专业人事的观点等。3.把问题的两面性都考虑进去。4.所有的事实和论证都应符合逻辑，各部分紧密结合。5.结构清晰合理，语言表达清晰规范，句式有变化，用词面宽。6.诚恳和友好的态度。,23,WiththegrowingpopularityofInternetsurfing(computers/mobilephones/cars)inChina,thequalityofourlivesisimprovingforthebetter.Withtherapidgrowthofoureconomy(heavyindustries/transportationsystem/population),anincreasingnumberofproblems,suchas(watershortages/trafficjams/industrialpollution/wasteofenergy/desertspreading),arebeginningtosurface.Recentlytheissueof(highemploymentrate/environmentalpollution/energycrisis)hasbeenbroughttopublicattention.,24,Currently/Nowadays/Atpresent,thereisawidespreadconcernthatNowpeopleingrowingnumberarecomingtorealizethat(knowledgeispower/scienceandtechnologyenergizeeconomicgrowth/wemustlearntoliveinharmonywithwildlife),25,表示顺序的转承语firstly,firstofall,tobeginwith,atfrist,next,secondly,thirdly,lastly,finally表示因果的转承语：accordingly,asaresult,consequently,therefore,dueto,forthisreason,nowthat,since,seeingthat表示并列的转承语：aswellas,bothand,eitheror.neithernor,whereas,while,inotherwords,thatis,thatistosay,扩展段,26,表示归纳总结tosumup,insummary,inbrief,allinall,inaword,inconclusion,inshort,onthewhole表示举例takeforexample,forinstance,namely,suchas表示对比incontrast,onthecontrary,likewise,similarly,ononehand,ontheotherhand,27,However,disadvantagesofusingplasticbagsarealsoveryapparent,andIlljustventuretoexploretwoaspects.Foronething,theplasticbagsaremostlyindecomposableinthenaturalstatesothatwiththeincreasinguseofthesebags,itwillnotonlyseriouslybringabouttheso-called“whitepollution”totheenvironment,itcanalsocostusalottohavethemdecomposecompletelysoastominimizetheirdamagetotheenvironment.Foranother,theproductionofplasticbagsareoftennotstrictlysupervised,soalargeproportionofthebagsdontmeettherequirementsforhealthyproducts,whichmeansthemoreweusethem,themorelikelywearetosufferinhealth.,28,Inordertosolvethetrafficproblem,manysolutionshavebeenputforward.Onesuggestionistolaydownmoreroads,whichwouldhavemanyadvantages.Forexample,itcanefficientlydecreasethenumberofbusesandtrucksinmanymainstreets.Furthermoreitcanacceleratetheflowoftraffic.Butitwilltakeupmoreland.Anothersuggestionistoopenupmoreroutesofbuses.Peoplewhosuggestthissaidthatonecuaseoftheheavytrafficistrafficaccident.Ifmoreroutesofbuseshadbeenopenedup,thenumberofbicyclesandcarsinstreetswouldhavebeencontrolled.Butthedisadvantageofthissuggestionisthatmanypeoplewillfeelinconvenient.,29,总结段,Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelyarriveattheconclusionthatTakingintoaccountallthesefactorsmentionedabove,wemayreasonablycometotheconclusionJudgingfromallevidenceoffered,wemaydrawtheconclusionthatThereasonwehaveadvancedconfirmsansoundviewthat.,30,比较型Nowadays,theinfluenceof_provestobeprofound.Andtherehasbeenaverycontroversialdebateastowhetherornot_.Theanswermayvaryfrompersontoperson.SomepeopleareinfavorofA.Ontheotherhand,theresthavestrongattitudetowardB.Asforme,Iagreewiththelatteropinionforthefollowingreasons.Firstofall_.Secondly_.Finally_.DespitemanyobviousadvantagesofB,itisnotwithoutitsproblem.Bcannotbecomparedwithothermeansoftransportationsuchasplaneandtrainforspeedandcomfort.,31,Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,weareabletosafelydrawtheconclusionthattheadvantagesofBfaroutweighitsdisadvantagesandBwillstillplayextremelyimportantroleinmodernsociety.,32,利弊型作文Recentlytheissueofwhetherornot_(讨论话题)hasbeeninthelimelightandhasarousedwideconcerninthepublic.Therearetwomajorargumentst