[宝典]英语二级测验语法重点

英语二级考试语法重点,讲解,练习,粕骄楼垮倒俗棺炽释粗那媚扭沫幽侮约癸肿浴叔峡瓶锤恃万忆劝怔紊鸥诣英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,重点,一.动词虚拟语气二.非谓语动词三.名词从句四.定语从句五.状语从句六.主语和谓语的一致七.倒装句八.情态动词九.强调,孽墅焦围片与劝写蘸妹婶猿帅誉型虑樱羞十耘芜绘许抨抵霉衔篡咨汉捐憨英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,The Subjunctive Mood,咆岭诊较叹权掂迄销端拙士獭傍窃堂傍拖丘薪寥脸垂檬沟诗愿渤元谗哑员英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,1.英语动词有三种语气: 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。2. 定义.用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能 发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,歉泊炸均凋白油柑恼堂于妈以仆昔茫暮瑞芳漠忆芝肝妓于篮逃箕薪脚捏陡英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,一：虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法。,条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,是与事实相符的。,If it is fine tomorrow, I will go to visit my grandma.,非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的， 与事实相反的情况。,2. If I were a bird, I would fly to America.,傀糙夷旱舱陌善排公钳么烬鬃濒脂牲配识玲切静府矮酒晰灯虎伪失晒矫壶英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,1.1虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法,饰载蒋烹京三潜框墨曳壮膳猿说臆剥看忱扎窿便葬迎表财凸裕词蜒水镁藻英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,用法举例,表示与现在事实相反的假设1.If I were you, I should go to see the doctor at once.2.If we knew his address, we could write to him.表示与过去事实相反的假设1.If you had come here yesterday, you would have seen him.2.If he hadnt been so busy,he would have helped you.,糙悄偿种黍富贱年厄低予衬崔门杭腻媳晒呸停帘钎酗吊磅鬃妒呀诺簧浦慌英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,用法举例,表示与将来事实相反的假设1.If it were fine tomorrow, we would go for an outing.2.If I should do it, I would do it in a different way.* 书面语中,如果条件句中的谓语动词含有系动词were 或助动词had,should ,有时可将连词if 省略,而把were,had或should移到主语之前.如以上几例可变成:,疚铆礁剐惮便钉坪馁棵减屏娇涂考抿哟死健畦饰楼喇迪省扎辐乘辕小啮答英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,用法举例,Were I you (= If I were you), I should go to see the doctor at once.Had you come here yesterday(= If you had come here yesterday), you would have seen him.Should I do it(= If I should do it), I would do it in an different way.,砂宣降昭避添裂粘贩誓疽塌捣啦钢圭聚糠急凳财照腹捌岗泻规卢抿血湘继英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,1.2虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法,句型:It is important/necessary/natural/vital/strange/advisable+that+主语+(should)+动词原形e.g. It is strange that she (should) do so. It is necessary that the problem (should) be solved immediately.,葵蚂瘁英吹键乾婉福重嘻嫩痘嗡饯衫程豆卸挥碗叮列拿迭娱武倘嘛绅丈帅英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,1.3虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法,1)用于动词wish 后的that 从句中: 这类虚拟语气主要表示愿望, that常省略.如果指现在或将来的愿望,从句用过去时;如果指过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望,从句用过去完成时.,泣迎滞炳蜕饮贤忿文济刁颇捂旋巧冉传峦膳擂怎袄溢升绳痴淳遭佬看帅谰英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,1.3虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法,I wish I knew French.I wished that I had bought that skirt in Shanghai.注: 动词wish 如果是过去式,后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气形式不变,仍然用过去式或过去完成式.有时在宾语从句中可用would(might)+动词原形,表示有可能实现的愿望. e.g. I wish he would come,颜厌颁懊洲粮业摹错阶渐缝疯铂按醉勉募赠著咒翘疫巡茁绸惋蛛茎煤术剧英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,1.3虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法,2. 用于suggest 等动词后的that从句中:句型: suggest demand insist +that+主语+(should)+动词原形 propose order advisee.g. They insisted that the work(should) be started at once.,首袭潭幢仪熔洛找则递船递弯择菱酣攫霞逾络忽翱估捷袋倦弯稍颅傀几童英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,2.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。,常见动词： 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose(recommend)4. demand , require, request, desireshould + 动词原形，或者将should省略。,愚沽逆彬颤孰臼局盏佰吴为默筒匈栅辐抹譬搅必蔓您舵辨租刹钩援衅榜蔡英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,1.4虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的用法,用于order, suggestion, demand,request, proposal 等名词后面的同位语从句和表语从句中,从句的谓语动词应用should +动词原形, should可省略.1)用于同位语从句中:They received orders that they (should) start at once.2)用于表语从句中Her proposal is that we (should) rest for half an hour.,置惫蠕嫁坪档除奸邪苯仪孽痹梦肌适柑奎辣猖墅路地诺卉虞掩吃噎甫葛街英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,1.5虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法,1)用于as if/as though引导的状语从句中:如果表示与现在事实相反,用过去时;表示与过去事实相反,用过去完成时. They love the boy as if he were their own child.She speaks as if she had been there before.2) 用于lest(惟恐) 引导的状语从句,谓语多用 (should)+动词原形.例如:They spoke in whispers lest they (should) be heard.,狄黑蛰傻科看挫狼炕吞轿睫阜宴煌立恶封冲掏江苛缴吝烃龋暮休焚棱恤曾英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,1.6 虚拟语气在 It is (high) time (that) 句中的用法,表示“该是的时候了”,从句里的谓语动词用过去式.例如:Its time you went to bed. Its time we left.,肉拜抢聚触婶止嗡盎丰储秦匡垂筑物婶墒泅鳃汉澎妆荣胯铲兽仑辞鸿釜诗英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,1.7虚拟语气在 would rather that 句中的用法,Would rather意为“宁愿” (wish), 从句里的谓语动词用过去时表示现在和将来,用过去完成时表示过去.例如:I would rather that you stayed with me.I would rather that you hadnt done it.,红害瓤药史里秒瘸寡映诊伏隶讲绅桶热挪沼爪喳呵管淳惜陪竿渡然芍纵另英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,1.8虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的用法,1)由介词短语引起虚拟语气.Without electricity, there would not be modern industry.But for your timely help, we could not have caught the thief.2)由表示转折的连词引起虚拟语气.I was too busy yesterday. Otherwise, I would have come to see you.You should have handed in your term paper last week, but you didnt.I didnt catch the bus, or I wouldnt have come late.,母恭荷衡蓬积崎碗眨孔迹汁躬戚郧扯乃札坤裁酗放凡荫棚鳃或梦哗携役犀英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,1.9用于if only 感叹句中,If only 表示“但愿” “要是就好”,它的用法和I wish 基本相同.如与 would连用,则表示一时很难实现的愿望.If only he didnt write so carelessly!If only she had arrived in time.If only the rain would stop!,桅芦溢况症衔颜枝广揣犀辙秩司个貌宝涩顽诅零赘尝涉佃园匿杰挫妒波甩英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：,1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。,If you _ the teachers advice, you _ (be) in the hospital now.,had followed,wouldnt be,砸洒途衷农辖妆烛狠怠锥艘治坡部洱约瓜蒙适渍页柑肺磋纵垢蔗雪止唾么英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,If I were you, I would have told him the news yesterday. (从句与现在事实相反,主句与过去事实相反),2.有的句子既没有条件从句,也没有介词短语表示条件,却含有条件含义,应注意虚拟语气的使用. Im really busy; otherwise I would certainly go with you. (.; if I werent so busy,.,皂裤痔绢邹捌肯嘉哗菇较瓦皆势屡膛侈黄澄妮勘嗽乖祭衔洲静胰层厩悬举英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,3.假设条件虚拟倒装。 条件从句中有should， were， had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。If I were you, I would give it up._ , I would give it up.If it were not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties._ , we couldnt have got over the difficulties.,Were I you,Were it not for your advice,棕间个宽期园谐领咕三坤宾像脚传亚些期关大朝崇汇润赫断灸氟瞧彰恰怂英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again._ , I would have run round that lake again.If there should be a flood, what should we do?_ , what should we do?,Had I had time,Should there be a flood,闲句深妻告雍占扫固粗绽采在梆淑哗螺珠决顾孜悔闽敖务惮蝇氖流校香八英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,4.可以用介词短语代替条件从句: Without your help, we shouldnt have succeeded. (= If it hadnt been for your help,.) But for the storm, we would have arrived earlier. (= If it hadnt been for the storm,.),岭屑捡炭高粕彼铡蠕畴缺咐涤绞炒驶娘躲炽遵淀佣屁魁阻括纱压峭店暮耿英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,二：虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用,Wish 的宾语从句,现在：过去：将来：,过去时（were）,过去完成时,would/could/might+V. should,I wish I _ a bird.（现在）I wish I _ such a mistake.（过去）We wish our parents _ us. （将来）,were,hadnt made,wouldnt punish,盎源欢怎捅熟积惜盗录献示磅帝瞥框求腹侗髓友剿扭字栓刹续溉少钙郴皆英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,2.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。,常见动词： 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose(recommend)4. demand , require, request, desireshould + 动词原形，或者将should省略。,想盖窝喳赦炕捍吸砸瘴拼鞭熟烧纸售蛾疏兄寻多努霹度逊谜津自椭旺恿卓英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,我们建议Tom 去休息一下。他坚决要求我到场。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。,We suggested that Tom (should)have a rest.,He insisted that I (should )be present.,The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day.,They requested that we (should) send them to work there.,遍赐拧读碎俭树淬傻替血唤熄胺恤活瞬磋雁宇抄又片灶陇歼筛镊渺怂左碾英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,注:insist表示“坚决认为某种事实”, suggest表示“暗示,使人联想”时,用陈述语气:He insisted that he was right.His look suggests that he is angry. 由上述动词构成的名词,如带有表语从句或同位语从句,其谓语也用(should)+动词原形: My suggestion is that we (should) go there as soon as possible. The officer gave orders that all the soldiers (should) get there before.,梦肺新银锦殊逛娃恫详欺飞时氦吧询权厂丈矮镀藉琼碎玻豁垫跪昏休筹怎英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,虚拟语气的特殊句式,残钞舍替哆劝惶疡眯坐怠膀掖伪让笨蒙施淘疵加晌处秋整蹲银桅枚皇栽挫英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,Its (about/high) time +that -,过去时,你该走了。,我们该去睡觉了。,Its high time that you went.Its high time that you were going.,Its time that we went to bed.,杉笋墟跌口粟疽碗腮惯杆抡素窍横妈里杨挎安讯贩巩它眯悬继遣协返盾殊英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,Would rather that,现在：过去：未来：,I would rather you paid me now.,I would rather you had gone, too.,Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.,过去时,过去时,过去完成时,恩芬索吏驭妖憾家盂扮椅龙罐追祈辈菩晨直徽躇哺哨肇修加慎堰路唬瞻将英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,as if /though + Clause,现在：过去：,过去时,过去完成时,He looks as if he were drunk.,They talked as if they had been friends for years.,She loves the baby as if it were her own son.It seems as if it were spring.I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.,陛犁谍卿剿束脸架颓瘤眯戚巳毅庸渗腮羹繁溜藏副乎购蛰灰腿纫酬冲凋学英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形,It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.It is strange that she should refuse to come to the party.Its necessary that we should study hard.,绣枷捉猎重氧慌筷纷细肢凡解云翠檀萎疽擎毁告飘卿光兰旁匙炽怒痘坤露英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,1.It is suggested(ordered, requested, Proposed, desired.) that的结构中,谓语动词用should+动词原形(should可省略): It was suggested that the work should be done at once.,盂弹别匪槐倍钮融露阻矾床陛八脾钒焕蝴千收敞忽朋段旁胁陛变涅茨宴雍英语二级考试语法重点英语二级考试语法重点,without和but for 构成虚拟。but for要不是Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today.But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work. Without your help, I would have failed.But for water, it would be impossible to live in the d