高考英语考点35 强调句

考点35 强调句高考频度：强调句知识结构：强调句型注意点例 句It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)为了强调句子的某一成分（通常是主语、宾语或状语），常用强调结构：It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)；表示强调的it在这种结构的句子中作主句的主语，it本身没有词义。一般讲，原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来各种时态，用It isthat (who)；如果原句谓语动词是过去各种时态，则用It was that(who)。原句：Last night I saw a film in the Youth Palace.强调主语：It was I that (or: who) saw a film in the Youth Palace last night.强调宾语：It was a film that I saw in the Youth Palace last night.强调地点状语：It was in the Youth Palace that I saw a film last night.强调时间状语：It was last night that I saw a film in the Youth Palace. 谓语动词的强调It is/ was that 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，要用助动词do/does或did。注意：do用于对肯定的祈使句的强调以及对实义动词一般现在时肯定句（除主语是第三人称单数）的强调；does用于对实义动词一般现在时肯定句主语是第三人称单数的强调；did用于对实义动词一般过去时肯定句的强调。Do be careful when you cross the street.过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！They do work hard at maths.他们对数学的学习确实很努力。He does send an email to me every day.他确实每天都给我发电子邮件。He did do his homework yesterday.昨天他确实做了家庭作业。It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)句型的变式It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)句式基本特征：Is/ Was it +被强调部分+ that；或情态动词+it+ be+被强调部分+ thatWas it in 1969 _ the American astronauts succeeded _ landing on the moon ?A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D. that; inCould it be in the restaurant in _ you had dinner with me yesterday _ you lost your handbag?A. that; which B. which; that C. where; that D. that; where特殊疑问句形式句式基本特征：特殊疑问词+is/was it that？或特殊疑问词+情态动词+it+be+被强调部分+ that_is it _has made Peter _he is today?Determination.A. What; that; that B. That; that; what C. What; what; that D. What; that; what反意疑问句形式句式基本特征：It is/was+被强调部分+that，isnt / wasnt it？It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital, _?A. do they B. didnt they C. wasnt it D. was it强调句与其它句型的结合来源:ZXXK与名词从句的结合句式特征为：整个强调句型用作名词性从句或者在强调句型中含有名词性从句。Ive already forgotten _you put the dictionary.A. that it was there B. where was it that 来源:.网Z.X.X.K来源:&网C. that where it was D. where it was that【解析】D。本题是经过变形的强调句型用作宾语从句的体现，为了更好地理解，我们分三步对其进行讨论。第一步：复原It was on the desk that I put the dictionary.第二步：对划线部分提问Where was it that you put the dictionary?第三步：变为陈述语序，将其用作forgotten的宾语从句则变为：Ive already forgotten where it was that you put the dictionary.It was at the very beginning _Mr. Fox made the decision _ we should send more firefighters there.A. when; which B. where; what 来源:Zxxk.Com来源:Zxxk.ComC. then; so D. that; that【解析】D。 第一个that为强调句型中的that；第二个that引导同位语从句，说明the decision的内容。与定语从句的结合句式特征为：在强调句型的被强调部分或其他部分中找出一个先行词，附上修饰该部分的定语从句。It was in the small house _was built with stones by his father _he spent his childhood. A. which; that B. that; where C. which; which D. that; which【解析】A。本题含义为是在这间小房子里他度过了童年，the small house作先行词，其后的定语从句缺做主语的关系代词；第二空所缺的应是强调句型中的结构词that，故答案选A。Is _three hours _the boy _family is poor to come to school on foot?A. it; that; whose B. it; that it takes; whose C. it for; that it takes; whose D. it; when; that;【解析】B。本题结构复杂，是定语从句、强调句型的一般问句形式和句式It takes sb. some time to do sth.的糅合。我们也分几步来看这个句子：第一步：基本句式It takes the boy three hours to come to school on foot.第二步：以the boy为先行词，后面附上定语从句，则变为：It takes the boy whose family is poor three hours to come to school on foot.第三步：用强调句型对上句中的划线部分进行强调，则变为：It is three hours that it takes the boy whose family is poor to come to school on foot.第四步：将上句变为一般疑问句可知答案。强调句型的省略形式句式特征为：在一定的上下文中，强调句型的that(who)及其后面的部分可以省略。作题时要特别注意将其复原并加以比较。Who is making so much noise in the garden?_ the children.A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are【解析】答案为A。强调句型在具体的语境中的省略，其完整形式应是：It is the children who are making so much noise in the garden.。He was nearly drowned once. When was that?_ was in 1998 he was in middle school. A. That; that B. it; when C. This; that D. It; that【解析】B。强调句的一种省略，完整形式是：It was in 1998 when he was in middle school that he was nearly drowned.强调句型的构成是：Itis(was) + 被强调部分+that(who) + 句子的其他成分。被强调的部分放在Itis(was) 之后，其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，可以由who代替that。*网1. 被强调的成分举例：原句：Tomfoundmypenintheclassroomyesterday.强调主语：ItwasTomwho/thatfoundmypenintheclassroomyesterday.强调宾语：ItwasmypenthatTomfoundintheclassroomyesterday.强调地点状语：ItwasintheclassroomthatTomfoundmypenyesterday.强调时间状语：ItwasyesterdaythatTomfoundmypenintheclassroom.2. 强调句型的一般疑问式：直接把is或was提到it之前即可。如：WasitTomthatfoundyourpenintheclassroomyesterday?3. 强调句型的特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+is(was)it+that+句子的其他成分。特殊疑问词即是被强调的成分。如：Whowasitthatfoundyourpenintheclassroomyesterday?4.that(who) 有时可以省略：这种强调句型中的that或who有时可以省略。如：Itwasmybrother(that/whom)yousawtheotherday.5. 强调原因状语从句要注意：若从句由as或since引导，强调时则改为because，这是因为，because引导的原因从句表示的意义非常强烈，符合强调句的目的。例如：Asshegotuplate,shemissedthefirstbus. 变为：Itwasbecauseshegotuplatethatshemissedthebus.6. 强调句的否定转移：有些否定句在变成强调句时，要把否定转移到被强调的词语之前。尤其是not.until.;句式的强调要特别注意。例如：Hedidntrealizehismistakeuntiltheteacherhadtoldhim. 变为：Itwasntuntiltheteacherhadtoldhimthatherealizedhismistake.【注意】 在强调句式中，虽然not被提前，但not.until.句型不要倒装。高考中强调句型考查热点考向一 强调句型的基本结构强调句型Itis/was+ 被强调的成份 +that+ 其他成份；用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成份。that只起连接作用，不作成份，但不能省略。有时强调的部分比较特殊，如主语从句、状语从句、名词、不定式短语、V-ing的复合结构等。如：ItwasinthelibrarythatIsawheryesterday. 我昨天正是在图书馆见到她的。1.(2018天津卷单项填空)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house _we saw Lily in the passenger seat.A. which B. thatC. when D. where【答案】B2.(2016天津卷单项填空)You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel _ the coach picks up tourists. A. who B. which C. where D. that【答案】D【解析】句意：你在一个错误的地方等待。大客车是在旅店接送游客的。本题考查强调句，强调句型结构是：It is/was+强调部分+that+其余部分，如果强调部分是人，也可以用who，这句话强调的是地点状语at the hotel。故选D。3. It was the culture, rather than the language, _made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroadA. where B. why C. that D. what【答案】C考向二 特殊句式中的强调句型1. 如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示到底、究竟等语气时，就用如下结构：特殊疑问词 +is/was+it+that+ 该句的其余部分。如：Howisitthatyouusuallygotowork? 你通常是怎样去上班的?2. 在强调not.until结构中由until所引导的短语(或从句)作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：It+is/was+notuntil. +that+ 该句的其余部分，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。如：Hisfatherdidntcomebackfromworkuntil12oclock. =Itwasnotuntil12oclockthathisfathercamehomeformwork. 直到12点他的爸爸才下班回家。1. Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century_ his musical gift was fully recognized.A. while B. though C. that D. after 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：马赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪他的音乐天赋才被承认。强调句与not until 连用。It be not until that 故选C项。2.Was it because Jack came late for school _ Mr. Smith got angry?A. why B. who C. where D. that【答案】D考向三 强调句型与时间状语从句、定语从句的判断强调句型要注意和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区别。试比较：ItwasonMarch1thatIhadmyhaircut. (强调句)ItwasMarch1whenIhadmyhaircut. (后面是定语从句)判断是否是强调句，可采用还原法。如果还原为一般句式后，句子各种成份完整，则是强调句。否则不是。如第一句可还原成：IhadmyhaircutonMarch1.题组一 能力过关I. 单项填空1. Its not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to domakes life happy.A. that B. whichC. what D. who2. It was with the help of the local guide _ the mountain climber was rescued.A. who B. that Cwhen D. how3. It was only after he had read the papers _ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.A. when B. that C. which D. what4. It was not until near the end of the letter _ she mentioned her own plan.A. that B. where C. why D. when6. It was ten oclock _ he came back home.A. whenB. that来源:网C. sinceD. after7. It was not until he came back _ he knew the police were looking for him. A. whichB. sinceC. thatD. before8. Was it under the tree _ you were away talking to a friend? Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. while9. Its more than half a century _ my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people.来源A. whenB. thatC. sinceD. while10. It was lack of money, not of effort, _ defeated their plan. A. whichB. asC. that D. whenII短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.题组二 体验真题1. （2016天津卷单项填空）It was when I got back to my apartment _ I first came across my new neighbors.A. who B. where C. which D. that2.（2016上海卷语法填空）But like so many other things, it is only too much stress (34) _ does you harm. 题组一 能力过关 I. 单项填空1.A 2.B【解析】考查强调句型。由于被强调的是with the help of the local guide，而并非guide, 所以用that来连接。3.B【解析】考查强调句型。句意：只有在读了这些文件后，格罗斯先生才认识到他面临着的任务很难完成。此句是对only引导的时间状语从句的强调。省略了it wasthat之后，句子结构完整。4.A【解析】考查强调句型。根据固定句型it was not until that 直到才，得出答案为that。句意：直到在信的结尾她才提到了她的计划。6. A 【解析】when 表示当的时候，句首的 it 表示时间，全句意为当他回到家时，时间是10点钟。7. C 【解析】为 He didnt know the police were looking for him until he came back 之强调形式。注意，not until 的强调句式通常为 It was not until that 的形式。*网8.D 【解析】此题很容易误选A，认为这是强调句型。其实此题应选D。做好此题的关键是正确理解上下文的语境。在此句中，it 是代词，指代 the bike，句意为：当你离开去同朋友谈话的时候，你的自行车是在这树下吗?当然，但当我回来时，自行车就不见了。现在反过来分析一下，假若选A，将此句判为强调句，句子即为 Was it under the tree that you were away talking to a friend? 若进一步转换为非强调句，句子则为 Under the tree while you were talking to a friend，句意显然很荒唐。9.C10.C 【解析】容易误选A，受空格前逗号的影响，误认为这是一个非限制性定语从句，从而误选了A。其实，此题最佳答案为C，整个句子为强调句，被强调成分为 lack of money, not of effort。由于句中插入 not of effort 这一结构，干扰了许多同学对 it was lack of money that defeated their plan 这一强调句的认识和理解。II短文改错 【答案】When I look at this picture of myself, I realize how fast time flies. I grown not only physically, als