《动词不定式》PPT课件

动词不定式,Todothatsortofthingisfoolish。,Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.,Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.,Wefoundahousetolivein.,ShecameheretostudyEnglish.,Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwateraftertheoperation.,主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾补,作主语,Togiveupsmokingisright.,Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.,试比较：,Itisimpossibleforyoutopersuadehim.Itisverykindofyoutohelpme.,Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.,动词不定式做宾语,1.某些及物动词:ask,agree,care,choose,demand,dare,decide,expect,fail,help,hope,learn,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wish等不能用-ing形式作宾语，只能用动词不定式,Tomrefusedtolendmehispen.,2.某些及物动词：begin,start,like,love,hate,continue,prefer可用-ing也可用动词不定式作宾语,IprefertogotoParisbyair.,IprefergoingtoParisbyair.,3.某些及物动词：forget,remember,try,regret,goon,mean等可用-ing也可用动词不定式作宾语，但表达的意思不同,Iforgettobringmyhomework.,Iforgetopeningthewindows.,4.某些动词:tell,advise,show,teach,learn,know,decide,findout等，作其宾语的动词不定式前往往加一个疑问词,Idontknowhowtocook.,Hetoldmehowtogettothestation.,5.及物动词want,need,require等，当其主语是“物”时，表示“需要”，常用动词不定式的被动式作宾语,Yourbedroomneedstobecleaned.,Yourbedroomneedscleaning.,6.介词后一般不直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可用带疑问词的不定式,MarxgavesomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglishwell.,但but,except后可跟不定式作宾语,Thebosshadnochoicebuttogivein.,但当主要动词是do时，to省掉,Theycoulddonothingbutwait.,作宾语,Freddidnthaveanymoney,sohedecidedtolookforajob.,1.Fred没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。,请注意；,KarlMarxfounditimportanttostudythesituationofRussia.,作表语,MyjobistoteachEnglish.,试比较；,MyjobisteachingEnglish.,动词不定式做定语,动词不定式作定语要放在被修饰词后,Haveyougotanyquestionstoask?,如被修饰词和作定语的不定式没有直接的动宾关系，不定式后应有相应的介词,Ihavenochairtositin.,当句中有不定式的逻辑主语时，作定语的动词不定式用主动形式表被动,Ihavegotalotofthingstodealwith.,Haveyougotanythingtoeat?,当征求对方是否有事需请求者去做时，作定语的不定式一般要用被动语态,“Wouldyoupleasehavealettertobetyped,manager?”askedtheofficeworker.,作定语,Doyouhaveanythingtosay?,1.你有什么要说的吗?,2.Betty是第一个知道这真相的人,Bettywasthefirsttoknowthetruth,动词不定式做状语,1.Inorderto和soasto意义上没区别，但soasto不能置于句首,2.adj/adv+enoughto,3.too+adj/adv+to有肯定与否定,Thechildistooyoungtodresshimself.否定,Sheistooanxioustoknowtherusults.(ready/easy/eager/gladto),作状语,Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.Theyjumpedwithjoytohearthenews.Imtootiredtowalkanyfurthertonight.,目的状语.,原因状语.,结果状语,作宾补,Sheaskedmetostaythere.,1.她叫我呆在这儿。,2.请允许我介绍Mr.White给你们。,PleaseallowmetointroduceMr.Whitetoyou.,注意,A.有些动词后面的不定式不带to，如feel（一感）hear,listento（二听）make,have,let（三让）see,watch,notice,observe（四看）.,Iheardthemsingapopsong.Theteachermademeanswerthequestion.Wewatchedthemplayfootball.,注意,B.动词不定式的否定式只须在to前加not.,Myfatherdecidednottotakeupthejob.,Theteachertoldusnottobelateagain.,注意,C.带疑问词的动词不定式在to前加疑问词。,Mr.Linwillteachushowtousethecomputer.,Canyoutellmewheretogetthebook?,注意,D.作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去to后面的动词，只保留to。,A:Wouldyouliketocometomyparty?,Marywantedtousemybike,butIaskedhernotto(usemybike).,B:Yes,Idloveto(cometoyourparty).,Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。,动词不定式的时态,1.Iopenedthedoortoentertheroom.,2.Mr.Smithisgoingtoattendthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow.,.一般式(todo).,不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。,.进行式(tobedoing),1.Iamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.,2.Heissaidtobecoming.,如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。,动词不定式的时态,动词不定式的时态,.完成式（tohavedone),1.Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.,2.YouseemedtohavereadthenovelwrittenbyMr.Smith.,如果谓语表示的动作发生在不定式之前。,动词不定式的语态,.主动式(todo/tobedoing/tohavedone),1.WewanttolearnEnglishwell.,2.Robertissaid_abroad,butIdidntknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.(NMET99)tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.madeD.tomake,当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的执行者时.,动词不定式的语态,.被动式(tobedone/tohavebeendone),1.Hedidntliketobelaughedat.,2.Heclaimed_inthesuppermarketwhenhewasdoingshoppingyesterday.（上海98）beingbadlytreatedB.treatingbadlyC.tobetreatedbadlyD.tohavebeenbadlytreated.,当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时.,Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier_itmoredifficult.(MET99)A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake2.Iveworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_inmynewjob.(NMET2000)A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects,高考题汇集：,3.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_thefirstcomputer.(MET1998),toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedC.havinginvented,4.Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas_tocarryallthewayhome.(MET2003),muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyC.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuch,5.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.(NMET95),A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto,6.LittleJimshouldlove_tothetheatrethisevening.(MET97),tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking,7.Therearefivepairs_,butImatalosswhichtobuy.(1999上海高考),tobechosenB.tochoosefromC.tochooseD.forchoosing,8._lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.(2001年北京春季高考),A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingsleep,9.Withalotofdifficultproblems_,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.(2002年上海春季高考),settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled,10.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole_inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.(2003上海春季高考),A.tohaveplayedB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplaying,11.Inordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket,manystateruncompaniesaretrying_theirproductsmorecompetitive.(2002上海春季高考),tomakeB.makingC.tohavemadeD.havingmade,12.Theteacheraskedus_somuchnoise.(2003北京春季高考),A.dontmakeB.notmake,C.notmakingD.nottomake,1.Thelightintheofficeisstillon.-Oh,Iforgot.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.havingturneditoffD.toturnitoff2.Shecanthelp_thehousebecauseshesbusymakingacake.A.tocleanB.cleaningC.CleanedD.beingcleaned3.Noteverybodyhastheabilityinpublic.A.ofspeakB.speakingC.spokenD.tospeak,练习,4.Maryisalwaysthefirststudenttoanswertheteachersquestionsinclass.A.risingB.toriseC.roseD.risen5.Mum,whydoyoualwaysaskmetoeataneggeveryday?-_enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.A.GetB.GettingC.TogetD.Tobegetting6.Wouldyoubesokindusout?-Withpleasure.A.helpingB.inhelpingC.helpD.astohelp,7.Wetumbrellasarenotallowedintothishotelaccordingtotherule.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.takenD.taking,8.Robertissaid_abroad,butIdidntknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.AtohavestudiedBtostudyCtobestudyingDtohavebeenstudying,9.InAustraliahemadealotoffriends_averypracticalknowledgeofEnglish.getB.gettingC.togetD.got,1.LastsummerItookalessonon_.A.howtomakedressesB.howdressesbemadeC.howtobemadedressesD.howdressestobemade,Extraexercises,A,2.Shepretended_mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen,A,3.Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident_losehisjob.A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.soastonotD.notsoasto,B,4.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_onabigrockbythesideofthepath.A.TohaverestedB.RestingC.TorestD.rest,C,5.“thelightintheofficeisstilon.”“o