大英综合3Test4答案和注释

综合B3U4小测答案Part I Reading Comprehension( 25 minutes ) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with several blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Albert Einstein was 1_. For the third night in a row, his baby son Hans, crying, kept the household 2_ until dawn. When Albert finally3_, it was time to get up and go to work. He couldnt4_ a day. He needed the job to support his young family. Walking5_to the Patent Office, where he was a “Technical Expert, Third Class,” Albert worried about his mother. She was getting older and6_, and she didnt7_his marriage to Mileva. Relations were8_. Albert9_ a passing shop window. His hair was a mess; he had forgotten to comb it again. Work. Family. 10_. Albert felt all the pressure and responsibility of any young husband and father.A) exhaustedB) disdain C) awakeD) dozed off E) skip F) brisklyG) passionatelyH) frail I) baffle J) approve of K) glanced atL) intuition M) stimulate N) Making ends meet O) strained正确答案： 1-10 ACDEF HJOKNSection B Directions: There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.For about three centuries we have been doing science, trying science out, using science for the construction of what we call modern civilization. Every dispensable item of contemporary technology, from canal locks to dial telephones to penicillin, was pieced together from the analysis of data provided by one or another series of scientific experiments. Three hundred years seems a long time for testing a new approach to human inter-living, long enough to set back for critical appraisal of the scientific method, maybe even long enough to vote on whether to go on with it or not. There is an argument11.Voices have been raised in protest since the beginning, rising in pitch and violence in the 19th century during the early stages of the industrial revolution, summoning urgent crowds into the streets on the issue of nuclear energy. “Give it back, say some of the voices,” It doesnt really work, weve tried it and it doesnt work. Go back three hundred years and start again on something else less chancy for the race of man.”The principal discoveries in this century, taking all in all, are the glimpses of the depth of our ignorance of nature. Things that used to seem clear and rational, and matters of absolute certainty Newtonian mechanics, for example have slipped through our fingers; and we are left with a new set of gigantic puzzles, cosmic uncertainties, and ambiguities. Some of the laws of physics are amended every few years; some are canceled outright; some undergo revised versions of legislative intent as if they were acts of Congress.12Just thirty years ago we call it a biological revolution when the fantastic geometry of the DNA molecule was exposed to public view and the linear language of genetics was decoded. For a while, things seemed simple and clear: the cell was a neat little machine, a mechanical device ready for taking to pieces and reassembling, like a tiny watch. But just in the last few years it has become almost unbelievably complex, filled with strange parts whose functions are beyond todays imagining.13It is not just that there is more to do, there is everything to do. What lies ahead, or what can lie ahead if the efforts in basic research are continued, is much more than the conquest of human disease or the improvement of agricultural technology or the cultivation of nutrients in the sea.14 As we learn more about fundamental processes of living things in general we will learn more about ourselves.11. What CANNOT be inferred from the first paragraph?A) Scientific experiments in the past three hundred years have produced many valuable items.B) For three hundred years there have been people holding a hostile attitude toward science.C) Modern civilization depends on science so man supports scientific progress unanimously（无异议地，全体一致地）.D) Some people think three hundred years is not long enough to set back for critical appraisal of scientific method.正确答案： C12.The principal discovery in this century shows _.A) man has overthrown Newtons laws of physicsB) man has solved a new set of gigantic puzzlesC) man has lost many scientific discoveriesD) man has given up some of the once accepted theories正确答案： D13.Now scientists have found in the past few years _.A) the exposure of DNA to the public is unnecessaryB) the tiny cell in DNA is a neat little machineC) man knows nothing about DNAD) man has much to learn about DNA正确答案： D14.The writers main purpose in writing the passage is to say that _.A) science is just at its beginningB) science has greatly improved mans lifeC) science has made profound progressD) science has done too little to human beings正确答案： A15.The writers attitude towards science is _.A) criticalB) approvingC) neutralD) regretful正确答案： CPassage TwoQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person to ones side in the Philippines, or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell.Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that Gift means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arms length away from others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable.Our linguistic and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and language of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world.16,20Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four language on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual (多语的) guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them.When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. The attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives usually the richer who speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nations diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters.For many years, America and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance.17,18 After all, America was the most powerful country of the world, the distributor of needed funds and goods.But all that is past. American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing.19 A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century, even tough it may not always be the upper hand.16.It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probably _.A) stand stillB) jump asideC) step forwardD) draw back正确答案： D17.The author gives many examples to criticize Americans for their _.A) cultural self-centerednessB) casual mannersC) indifference towards foreign visitorsD) arrogance towards other cultures正确答案： A18.In countries other than their own most Americans _.A) are isolated by the local peopleB) are not well informed due to the language barrierC) tend to get along well with the nativesD) need interpreters in hotels and restaurants正确答案： B19.According to the author, Americans cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will _.A) affect their image in the new eraB) cut themselves off from the outside worldC) limit their role in world affairsD) weaken the position of the US dollar正确答案： C20.The authors intention in writing this article is to make Americans realize that _.A) it is dangerous to ignore their foreign friendsB) it is important to maintain their leading role in world affairsC) it is necessary to use several languages in public placesD) it is time to get acquainted with other cultures正确答案： DPart III Vocabulary and Structure( 11 minutes ) Directions: There are a number of incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.21. The safe disposal of waste is a legal requirement rather than an industry relying on summer choice, so most _ disposal companies will not be threatened by the economic recession.A. gardenB. garbageC. gallery 画廊，走廊D. garlic 大蒜；蒜头22. After reading the news about her, the pop star _ the reporter violently for making up the story and spreading the rumors. A. causedB. curved 使弯曲；使成曲线C. cursed 诅咒；咒骂D. cured23. One of the aims of modern natural science is to _ up universal principles or laws from pieces of data.A. workB. wakeC. wait D. walk24 Gramma has got a high fever; do you think we should _ for the doctor? A. sellB. settleC. set D. send for 召唤；派人去取；申请；订购25. Cathy _ down the well-paid job because it involved too many business trips.A. tookB. turnedC. tunedD. toned26. It is the middle of the semester and all students are making _ efforts to meet the deadlines of their assignments.A. supreme adj.（程度）很大的；最高的；至高的；最重要的B. supper C. summary adj.概括的，总结的；即刻的，立即的D. surprise27. The doctors and the nurses are keeping the patient under close _ on account of his critical operation.A. obedient adj.顺从的，服从的B. observation under observation （尤指病人或嫌疑犯）在观察中；在监视中C. obligation 义务，责任D. occupation 职业，工作；占有，占领28. More and more English teachers would like to _ the communicative approach to their teaching.A. adapt vi. 适应于，适应不同情况（或环境）(to) vt.改编，改写；改变以适合 (for)B. adhere to 粘附；遵循，坚持C. adopt D. adobe adj.用土坯建造的29. Not all twins are _ in the details of their interests.A. alikeB. like C. alive D. alight adj. 点亮的；烧着的alike, like, similar, comparable, parallel, uniform, identical 这些形容词均有“相似的，类似的”之意。alike：指事物在性质、特征或外貌上固有的而不是偶然的相似。普通用词，只作表语。like：普通用词，含义广泛，指多个或全部特性都相似，但并非同一个，也可指在某个特殊的偶然相似。similar：强调不同的人或事物之间完全或部分相似，暗示可暂不考虑或无视其差异之处。comparable：指在某一点或几点上有相似之处，可作有限或粗略的对比，尤指在价值或能力等方面可相提并论。parallel：主要指在外表或在性质上相似到有可以相提并论的程度。uniform：指在性质、数量、形态或程度等方面相似到很难看出差异的地步。identical：语气最强，可指同一个人或物，也可指数个人或物之间完全没有差别。30. Explorers have found another _ which has rich minerals in the western China. A. lobby 门厅，大厅；休息室；投票厅B. lockC. lodging 出租的房间；暂住；寄宿；借宿D. localityplace, position, spot, situation, site, location, locality, setting, scene 这些名词均含“地点，位置，场所”之意。place： 含义广泛，最普通用词，既可指很小的地点，又可指很大很远的地方或场所。position： 多指物体相对于其他物体所处的位置或状态。spot： 指相对较小的特定地点或事物所在地。situation： 指物体在其周围环境中所处的位置或状态，侧重地点或场所的环境特征。site： 指或大或小的地方，既可指供专门用途或特定活动的地点，又可指某一事件的地址。location： 指某物设置的方向或地点。locality： 指某物所处的客观位置和周围地区。setting： 一般特指戏剧或小说所写的环境或场所。scene： 常指真实事件或虚构故事发生的地点。31. After Arab won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys _ to go to school.A. to be encouraged B. are encouraged C. being encouraged D. be encouraged32. _ was originally established to honor Americans who had served in World War I.A. Veterans Day美国老兵纪念日B. May DayC. Valentines Day D. National Day33. Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to, _ the colour of his skin.A. with the exception of 除以外B. in the light of 鉴于， 由于， 按照C. by virtue of 凭借的力量，由于因为D. regardless of 不管， 不顾34. The old couple decided to _ a boy and a girl though they had three children of their own. A. adaptB. bring bring up 抚养孩子并使其适应社会：We both felt the town was the perfect place to bring up a family.C. receive D. adopt 收养；采用，采取，采纳35. It really _ me the way he keeps drumming his fingers on the table.A. bugs 打扰，烦恼；折磨，使痛苦B. reserves 储备；保留；预约C. accounts 认为；把视作D. interferes vi.干预，干涉；调停，排解；妨碍，打扰interfere, intervene, meddle 这些动词均含“干涉，干预”之意。interfere： 侧重指无权或未获允许而妨碍、阻扰、干涉他人之事。intervene： 书面用词，指介入争端，进行调停，也指干涉他人之事。meddle： 指干预与自己毫不相关的事或不属于自己职责范围的事，隐含未经许可或授权。可与interfere换用。36. Girls _ 80 percent of the students in most classes in the normal university. A. take account of 考虑B. account for 说明（原因、理由等）；导致，引起；（在数量、比例上）占；对负责C. make for 走向；前往；冲向；有利于D. are made up of 构成，组成 37. While trying to cross the road with the red light on, the man was _ by a bus and taken to the hospital nearby by a taxi driver.A. knocked off 停止工作，仓促或轻易地完成、做完或处理，【非正式用语】 除掉；消除，【俚语】持枪抢劫，拦路抢劫B. knocked down 击倒在地, 拆卸, 【非正式用语】 削减价格等C. knocked against 相撞，碰击(+against) His legs knocked against the chair. 他的两条腿撞到了椅子。敲，击，打(+on/at) He knocked at the door and entered. 他敲了敲门便走进去了。D. knocked out38. His anger may have _ since he looks cheerful today.A. faded awayB. faded up C. faded down D. faded out 淡出：逐渐消失 反 faded in39. Mr. Copperfield often wears a long face in the office so much so that his colleagues dont think that he is a _ staff. A. fashionable B. accountable负有责任的C. exchangeable D. approachable可亲近的；可接近的40. An accident _ the boy from playing football when he was nine years old. A. hurt B. disabled 使无能力；使残废，使伤残C. unable D. damagedhurt, injure, wound, harm, damage, disable 这些动词均有“损害，伤害”之意。hurt： 普通用词，较口语化，侧重指给有生命的东西造成机体上或精神、感情上的或轻或重的伤害。wound： 专指对身体的重伤，尤指在战斗中受的伤，强调外部创伤；也可指精神方面的伤害。harm： 主要用于有生命的东西，语气略强于injure，指引起严重的痛苦和损伤；有时也用于抽象事物，指造成任何不良后果。damage： 通常指对无生命物体的损害，并有降低其价值，破坏其功能等的后果。disable： 强调使伤残。41.People appreciate _ with him because he has a good sense of humor.A) to workB) to have workedC) workingD) having worked正确答案： Cappreciate, enjoy 这两个动词均含“欣赏”之意。appreciate：多用于文学方面，强调对事物有深入的理解能力，且能鉴赏。enjoy：普通用词，使用广泛，程度不及appreciate,多指从外界事物中得到喜悦与满足，领略到乐趣，享受意味强。42.He gives people the impression _ all his life abroad.A) of having spentB) to have spentC) of being spentD) to spend正确答案： A 他给人们一种印象，（好像他曾经）一辈子都在外国呆过（一样）。43.The students writing shows plenty of _.A) insensitivity不灵敏；不敏感B) insensibility没有知觉，不在乎，不关心；无感情C) indifference不重视，不在乎，漠不关心；冷淡D) imagination正确答案： D44.You will never know what a(n) _ she was to all around her.A) admiration钦佩，赞美B) inspiration灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事C) calculationD) innocence清白；天真无邪正确答案： B45.He could _ her face at will. 他随便什么时候都能回想起她的模样来。A) scatter分散，驱散B) isolateC) confuseD) evoke引起；唤起正确答案： D The song evoked a feeling of love in the listeners. 这首歌唤起听众爱的感觉.46.A small child has to learn to keep its _ before he can walk far.A) baggageB) blockC) borderD) balance正确答案： D47.It goes _ that the old couple loved their country deeply.A) beyond beliefB) beyond doubtC) over doubtD) over belief正确答案： B48.He dressed too formally, which made him look a _ out of place at the class union.A) trifleB) tinyC) sortD) few正确答案： A a trifle 有点儿，稍微 a trifle stingy有点儿小气49.The brainstorm in class _ a free exchange of ideas.A) constituted构成，组成B) stimulus刺激物C) stimulated刺激；激励D) startled使震惊，使大吃一惊正确答案： C50.General Motors, _ on increasing its market share for the second consecutive year, turned to a fire sale last month that lif