英语人教版八年级下册Unit 2 Section A 1 (1a-2d).ppt

Unit2Illhelptocleanupthecitypark.,SectionAGrammarFocus,FreetalkDoyouwanttobeavolunteer?Whatkindofvolunteerworkdoyouthinkyoucoulddo?,volunteer,志愿者,helpoldpeople,giveoutfoodatthefoodbank,visitsickpeopleinthehospital,cheerupsickkids,在校园集合出发,cleanupthepark,Whatelsecouldyoudotohelppeople?,helpchildrenwiththeirschoolwork.visittheoldinanoldpeopleshome.helpwatchthetraffic.giveouroldbooksto“HopeSchool”.,IdliketoIhopetoIcouldIvolunteerto,.,homelesspeople,Idliketohelphomelesspeople.,KobeBryantwouldliketohelphomelesspeople.,wearevolunteers.,VolunteersMark,cheermyselfup,B:Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.,A:WhatcouldIdo?,Learningcanhelpustogetourfuturedreamjobs.,Theyvolunteerthereonceaweektohelpkidsleantowrite.,Theyvolunteerthereonceaweektohelpkidsleantoread.,putupsigns,Immakingsomesignstoputuparoundtheschool.,peoplewithouthomesstart;establishmakesomethingcleanmakesomeonehappierworkintheopenairmakesomethinghappenlatergivesomethingtosomebodyinordertohelpsomeonewhoneedshelptohangorsticksomethingon(aboard),cleanup,putup,cheerup,workoutside,offerhelp,putoff,giveout,homelesspeople,setup,Canyoumatchthephrases?,GrammarFocus,动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。本单元主要学习其作宾语，状语，宾补的用法。,(一)动词不定式,一.作宾语动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,want,remember,agree,learn,like,decide,fail,pretend,demand,refuse等。例：Iwanttotellyouastory.Theybegintoworkateighteverymorning.Dontforgettolockthedoor.Wouldyouliketogoandhaveapicnicwithustomorrow?,二.作宾语补足语。例如：TheteacheraskedustoreadEnglishforhalfanhourinthemorning.TheteacheroftentellsJimnottospendtoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.Pleaseletmehelpyou.动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作，可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：tell,ask,want,like,invite,encourage,help等。,但在let,make,see,watch,hear,feel,notice,have等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号“to”，可以归纳为以下三种句式：1.不可以省to的不定式作宾语补足语：tell/ask/want/wouldlike/wish/suppose/invite/encourage/teach/dependon等+sb.+todosth.例：Theteachertoldustocomeearliertomorrow.Iwantyoutogonow.Herparentswishhertobeateacher.,2.省“to”的不定式作宾语补足语：Let/make/have+sb.+dosth.Lettheboygooutnow.Theboymadethebabycry.see/watch/hear/notice/feel+sb.+dosth.Isawthestudentsplaybasketballontheplaygroundyesterday.Ioftenhearthegirlsinginthenextroom.3.可省可不省的：helpsb.（to）dosth.Ioftenhelpmymother（to）dohousework.,否定形式：（1）动词不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not.例：Tellthemnottoplayfootballinthestreet.（2）省to的动词不定式的否定式是直接在动词前面加not.例：Lettheboynotgo.,三.作状语:（1）作目的状语。如：Hestoppedtohavearest.强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用inorderto或soasto+动词原形，soasto不用于句首。如：Thebusstoppedsoastopickuppassengers.（2）作结果状语。如：Hewokeuponlytofindeverybodygone.HisgrandmalivedtoseetheliberationofChina.Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.,（3）在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后作原因状语。如:Improudtohavetakenpartinthecompetitions.e.g.ImhappytohavefoundmanythingsIcando.,(二)动词短语,一、定义动词之后加介词或副词构成短语,表达一种特定的含义,称为动词短语。二、分类1.动词+介词2.动词+副词3.其它类动词词组,1.动词+介词lookat看looklike看上去像lookafter照料listento听welcometo欢迎到sayhelloto向问好speakto对说此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。e.g.Heislookingafterhissister.Shealwaystakescareofthesechildren.,2.动词+副词“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：A动词（vt.）+副词puton穿上takeoff脱下writedown记下此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。e.g.Hetookoffhiscoat.,B动词（vi）+副词comeon赶快getup起床gohome回家comein进来sitdown坐下standup起立此类短语属于不及物动词,不可以带宾语。e.g.Comeon!Thebusiscoming!,closethedoorlookthesamegotowork/classbeillhavealook/seathavesupperlookyounggoshoppingwatchTV/gamesplaygames,3、其它类动词词组,常用短语及用法,1.由put引导的短语putawayputonputupputoffputintoputdownputout,把放好穿上，把放在上举起，表现出，张贴推迟，拖延把放入，把翻译成记下，放下放出，伸出,2.由give引导的短语giveupgiveingiveoutgiveawaygivebackgiveoff,放弃屈服，让步分发，散发；用尽，耗尽捐赠，赠送；分发归还，恢复发出，放出,3.由call引导的短语calloncallupcallincallatcallfor,访问（某人）；号召；要求打电话给；使人想起找来，请来访问(某处)；(车，船等)停靠(某处)需要，要求,.由take引导的短语takebacktakeaftertakeawaytakedowntakeuptakeovertakeoff,拿回；使疑惑像拿走，减去写下，记下；拆卸占据空间接过；接管脱下；飞机起飞,5.由look引导的短语lookafterlookforlookatlookintolookthroughlookoutlookoutoflookuplooklike,照顾，照料寻找，找看调查；向里看浏览，快速地看小心向外看查找，查询；向上看看起来像,6.由show引导的短语showupshowoffshowaround,出现，露面炫耀，卖弄带参观,7.由turn引导的短语turnupturnonturnoffturndownturntoturnoverturninturnout,把(音量)开大；出现，到达打开关掉(煤气、水、电等)把(音量)关小；拒绝向求助；转向翻转，翻身归还，就寝结果是，证明是；生产,1.Iwantto_myplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.Imtoobusywithmystudiesthisyear.2.Shehopesto_atleastfiveprimaryschoolstoaskiftheyneedvolunteersfortheirafter-schoolprograms.,4aFillintheblankswithphrasalverbsinthebox.,putuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoff,putoff,callup,3.Ourclassistryingto_someideasto_sickchildrenbecausetheyareoftensad.4.Wedecidedto_signsaroundtheschooland_noticestotellstudentsaboutthebooksale.Wewill_themoneyfromthesaletohomelesspeople.,comeupwith,cheerup,putup,handout,giveout,4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.,helpmovedomakevisitspend,Mostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobs_lotsofmoney.Intheirfreetime,theythinkaboutwhat_forfun.However,fewpeoplethinkaboutwhattheycando_others.Therearemanypeople,todo,tohelp,tomake,whoarelessluckythanus.Volunteeringourtimetohelpthesepeopleisagoodway_ourfreetime.Forexample,wecanmakeplans_sickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.Somepeopleevenstopdoingtheirjobsforafewmonthstoayear_toanotherplace，likeoneofthecountriesinAfrica,andhelppeoplethere,tospend,tovisit,tomove,1)Idlike_homelesspeople.2)Shedecided_foravolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.3)Youcouldaskhospitals_youvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.4)Mariobelievesitcanhelphim_hisfuturedreamjob.5)Shevolunteersthereonceaweek_kidslearn_.6)Immakingsomesigns_aroundtheschool.,Fillintheblanks.,tohelp,totryout,tolet,toget,tohelp,toread,toputup,1.Iwant_(become)apolicemanoneday.2.Hewantsthestudents_(eat)well.3.Theteachermadehisstudents_(come)intothemeetingroomontime.4.Theboywasfree_(go)whereheliked.5.Nobodytellshimwhat_(do)next.,根据提示完成下列句子。,tobecome,toeat,come,togo,todo,根据汉语提示补全句子。,1.你愿意帮忙打扫城市公园吗？Wouldyoulike_thecityparks?2.莉莉，你能帮我洗碗吗？Couldyoupleasehelpme_thedishes,Lily?3.简没有想出解决这道数学题的好方法。Janedidnt_agoodway_thismathproblem.,tohelpcleanup,towash,comeupwith,toworkout,4.他们正计划去拉萨旅行。Theyre_atriptoLassa.5.我们应该努力学习，将来为我们的祖国做重大的贡献。Weshouldstudyhard_amajorcommitmentforourcountryinthefuture.,planningtotake,tomake,根据汉语提示完成下列句子。,Wemustfindaperson_(做这项工作)2.Inmyfamily,mymotherisalwaysthefirstone_(起床).3.Doyouhave_(什么问题要问)？4.Pleasetellme_(怎样念这个词).,todothework,togetup,anyquestionstoask,howtosaythisword,5.Ihaventdecided_(买哪一件衬衫)6.Thequestionis_(走哪一条路).7.Shedidntknow_(说什么)？8.I_(看见他上楼)amomentago.,whichshirttobuy,whichwaytogo,whattosay,sawhimgoupstairs,实战中考,Ialwaystellmystudents_ontheroadbecauseitsreallydangerous.2013广东广州A.nottoplayB.toplaynotC.notplayingD.notplay2.IwillgotoHarbinformysummervacation.Whataboutyou?-Ihaventdecidedwhere_.2013山东济宁A.goB.wentC.goingD.togo,实战中考,3.Ididnthearyoucomeinjustnow.-Thatsgood.Wetried_anynoise,foryouweresleeping.2013广东A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.tomakeD.making4.Lucyisshy.Shewouldnotinviteherclassmates_dancingwithher.2013江西A.practiceB.practicesC.practicingD.topractice,Choosethebestanswer.,()1.Wouldyoupleasedrivefaster?Myflightis_.A.takingoffB.gettingoffC.turningoffD.puttingoff()2.-Howistheplaygoing?-Wearegoingto_tomorrow.A.putonitB.putitoffC.putitonD.putoffit()3.Wehaveto_ourthingsifwetravelonatrainorabus.A.lookatB.lookupC.looklikeD.lookafter,A,B,D,()4.Ifyou_anewidea,pleasecallmeassoonaspossible.A.keepupwithB.catchupwithC.feedupwithD.comeupwith()5.Please_theboxcarefully.Itisfilledwithglasses.A.putdownB.putonC.putoffD.puttogether()6.-_!Theresacarcoming!-Oh.Thanks.A.LookoverB.LookupC.LookonD.Lookout,D,A,D,()7.Itsverycoldtoday.Youdbetterput_yourcoatw