2018年中考英语总复习 易错知识点 专题四 数词专项训练（含解析）

专题四 数词易错清单1. 确数和约数(1)当我们说“几百”、“几千”这样一些确数时,“百”、“千”是不能用复数形式的。结构是:数词+hundred/thousand/million/billion+名词复数如:five hundred五百;three thousand三千;two million两百万;six billion六十亿。(2)当hundred,thousand,million加上s后,它们就成了概数,表示“数百”、“数千”、“数百万”等概念。而且通常接of,表示“成百的”,“数以千计的”,“成千上万的”,“亿万的”等。结构是:hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+of+名词复数。如:hundreds of new tall buildings数以百计的新高楼;thousands of students数以千计的学生;millions of people数以百万计的人。2. 数词和冠词的关系(1)一般情况下,序数词前要加定冠词the,但基数词前不加冠词。如:he failed in the first try. 他第一次尝试失败了。my number is forty-nine.我的号码是49。(2)a/an+序数词,表示“又一、再一”。如:the monkey ate a second banana.这只小猴又吃了一根香蕉。(3)of the+基数词,表示“范围”。如:you can choose a toy of the two as a birthday present.你可以在这两个玩具中选一个作为生日礼物。3. “数词+more”与“another+数词”(1) 表“另外的”接复数名词,如与具体数词连用,则置于数词之后,但与定冠词the连用时,other要放在数词前。如:mr smith asked me to fetch another three cds.史密斯先生让我再拿三张cd。(2) more一般位于数词之后名词前,有时也可置于名词之后。如:she has got five more pens.她还有五支钢笔。(3) more除跟数词外,还可与a little,a few,a lot,several等词连用,而且名词也可以是不可数名词。如:id like to buy a few more books.我想再买几本书。there are many more dictionaries on the desk.课桌上有许多词典。would you like some more tea?再喝点茶好吗?提分策略英语中的数词看似简单,实际上运用时并不简单,有很多需要注意的地方。近几年中考对数词的考查主要集中在基数词和序数词的辨析用法上。日期、时间和分数也是中考考查的考点。数词考查往往与其他知识点考查结合进行,如主谓一致等。正确解答数词有关问题,需要熟记基本词汇,掌握一定解题策略。1. 熟练掌握基础知识在复习过程中,要系统归纳、数量掌握数词的构词法以及各类数词的基本用法。特别是日期、时刻、年龄、分数的表达形式。这样解题才能得心应手。【例1】(2014广东29)its never too old to learn. karl marx began to learn english in his. a. the fiftiethb. fiftiethc. fiftyd. fifties【解析】考查数词的用法。短语“in ones+数词的复数形式”表示“在某人多少岁的时候”。此处表示“马克思在五十多岁时开始学英语。”故选d。【答案】d【例2】(2013湖北恩施23)lindus mother looks young,but actually she is in her .a. sixtiesb. sixtiethc. sixty years old【解析】考查数词用法。“in ones+表示几十的基数词”是固定短语,意为“大约几十岁”,此处表示在六十到七十之间。故选a。【答案】a2. 巧用排除法在考查数词时,有时所给选项非常相似。解题时,首先通过题干摸清出题人的考查意图,然后运用所学基本知识,排除所有不适合的选项。【例】(2013云南29)how many people were invited to the meeting?about six .a. hundredb. hundredsc. hundred ofd. hundreds of【解析】本题考查基数词的基本用法。表达确数时,hundred,thousand,million等词不能加s。首先排除b、d。但是表示约数时,hundred,thousand,million等词与of连用,必须加s。这样又可以排除c。答案自然就是a。【答案】a专项训练1. (2014上海奉贤区32) of the city was covered with the heavy smog.a. two-thirdb. two-thirdsc. two-threed. two-threes2. (2014广东深圳 11)i am afraid that we need .havent you finished the work yet? it you such a long time.a. two another hours;costb. more two hours;spendsc. two hours more;paysd. another two hours;takes3. (2014内蒙古赤峰36)when did you have your school trip?.a. in five daysb. for five daysc. twice a dayd. five days ago4. (2013江苏南京)i dont believe that this boy can paint such a nice picture.a. five years oldb. five-years-oldc. five-year-oldd. five years old5. (2013云南)“whats the english for 610?” “its .”a. six tenb. ten sixc. ten to sixd. six past ten6. (2013山西)li jiacheng plans to give of his money to the charity.really? what a kind man he is!a. one thirdb. one threec. one thirds7. (2013四川绵阳)there are teachers in our school, of them are women teachers.a. two hundreds;three fourthb. two hundred;three fourthsc. two hundred;three forths8. (2013天津)nearly of the earth covered by sea.a. three fourth;isb. three fourths;isc. three fourth;ared. three fourths;are参考答案与解析1. b解析:考查分数的用法。分数的表达方式是,分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子超过2时,分母要复数形式。故选b。2. d解析:考查数词、名词和代词的用法。“再需要两个小时”,应该用“need another+数词+复数名词”结构。“it takes sb. some time(花费某人一段时间)”是固定句型。故选d。3. d解析:考查交际应答。疑问句是询问对方什么时候进行校际旅游的,应答句应该用表示过去的时间状语,不是“五天以后”、“五天”或“一天两次”。故选d。4. c解析:考查复合形容词的用法。five-year-old 这类复合词可以用作形容词,意为“五岁的”,并且其中表示计量的名词(如year,month等)总是用单数形式。这类结构通常用作前置定语,不用作表语(作表语时可改用seven years old这样的形式),排除b项。又因为five years old在句中作表语,也排除,修饰boy只能用five-year-old。故选c。5. a解析:考查时间的读法。按英语的习惯,顺读法表示时间直接说即可,six ten符合题意要求。其他三项均不合乎题意,应该排除。故正确答案选a。6. a解析:考查分数的表达。英语分数词常用基数词作分子,用序数词作分母。分子超过一时,分母用复数形式。故选a。7. b解析:考查数词的用法。hu