李云平版 计算机专业英语——学习情景1：办公自动化

.,计算机专业英语,主讲教师：,.,2,能力提高篇,.,3,能力提高篇,.,LearningScenarios1OfficeAutomation,Wordstheotheristheopticaltype.Scanner:Asshowninfigure1-13below,scannerisacomputerperipheralequipmentandadigitalinputdevice.Thescannercancaptureanimageandconvertitintoasignalwhichacomputercandisplay,edit,storeandoutput.Scannershavemanydifferenttypes,suchasdrumscanner,flatscanner,penscanner,filmscannerandsoon.Severalimportanttechnicalindicatorsofscannersareresolution,grayscale,colornumber,scanspeedandscanformat.,Figure1-13Scanner,Figure1-12Mouse,.,24,TextB:OfficeHardware,Monitor:Asshowninfigure1-14below,themonitorisanecessarycomputeroutputdevice.Twoimportantelementsofthemonitoraresizeandclarity.Thesizeisindicatedbythediagonallengthofitsviewingarea.Commonsizesare15,17,19and21inches.Theclarityisindicatedbyitsresolution,whichismeasuredbypixels.Thegreatertheresolutionis,thebettertheclarityoftheimageis.Printer:Aprintershowninfigure1-15isoneofcomputeroutputdevices,whichisusedtoprinttheresultsofcomputerprocessingonpaper.Therearethreeindicatorstomeasuretheperformanceofprinter.Theyareprintresolution,printspeedandnoise.Theprinterhasmanydifferenttypes.Accordingtotheprinciple,itcanbedividedintothesub-hittingstyleandthenon-impactstyle.Accordingtotheapplication,itcanbedividedintodotmatrixprinter,colorinkjetprinterandlaserprinter.,Figure1-15Printer,Figure1-14Monitor,.,25,TextB:OfficeHardware,Copier:Asshowninfigure1-16below,acopierisusedtocopythemanuscriptinothertimes,zoominorout.Itcanbeconnectedtoacomputerthroughtheinterface,anditbecomesanimportantpartofofficehardware.Theimportantdirectionsofitsdevelopmentaretorealizethemultifunction,colorization,small-scaleandhigh-speed.Fax:Asshowninfigure1-17below,afaxisthecommunicationequipment,whichconvertsdocuments,charts,photographsandotherstillimagesintoelectricalsignalswiththescanandopticalconversiontechnologyandtransmitsthesignalstothereceiverinordertocopyintheformofrecord.Accordingtotheapplication,faxescanbedividedintophotofax,paperfax,weatherfaxandfilefax.,Figure1-17Fax,Figure1-16Copier,.,26,TextB:OfficeHardware,Recorder:Asshowninfigure1-18below,arecorderuseslaserbeamtoreadthematerial.Theuserscanmakeuseoftherecordertorecordcompactdisksinordertoconvenientstorageofdata.RecorderscanbedividedintoCDrecordersandDVDrecorders.ThecapacityofDVDrecorderismuchlargerthanCDrecorder.Router:ArouterisanequipmentwhichconnectslocalareanetworkwithwideareanetworkintheInternet,asshowninfigure1-19below.Itwillautomaticallyselectandsetuparouteaccordingtothecaseofchannel,andsendthesignalinthebestpath.TherouteristhehuboftheInternet,whichhasbeenwidelyappliedtoallfieldsofwork.,Figure1-19Router,Figure1-18Recorder,.,27,TextB:OfficeHardware,Notes:1.Acentralprocessingunitisthecorepartofanycomputersystem,whichismadeupofarithmeticunitandcontrollerunit.译文：中央处理器由运算器和控制器组成，是任何计算机系统中必备的核心部件。“thecorepartof”意为“核心部件”，“computersystem”意为“计算机系统”。“bemadeupof”意为“由组成”，是被动语态，例如：“PlatoconjecturedeachoftheseelementstobemadeupofacertainPlatonicsolid:theelementofearthwouldbeacube,ofairanoctahedron,ofwateranicosahedron,andoffireatetrahedron.”意为“柏拉图推测每一种元素都是由某些理想立方体组成：地元素是由立方体组成，风元素是一个八面体，水元素是二十面体，火元素是四面体。”此例中，“bemadeupof”被多次使用，使用时省略了“bemadeup”。2.Thememorythatisusedtostoredataandprogramisthestoragecomponentonthemotherboard.Whentheprocessingiscomplete,thememoryiscleared.译文：内存是指主板上的存储部件，用来存放当前正在执行的数据和程序。程序处理完成后，内存就被清空了。第一句话是由“that”引导的定语从句，修饰前面的先行词“memory”，说明内存是用来存放数据和程序的。关系代词“that”引导的定语从句可以修饰代表人或物地先行词，但不能用于引导非限定性定语从句，“that”可以充当主语、宾语、表语。本句中，“that”就是充当主语。本句在翻译时多补充了修饰语“当前正在执行的”，主要是为了中文连贯才补充的，也是与第二句话形成了一个呼应。“thememoryiscleared”是被动语态，翻译时请注意。,.,28,TextB:OfficeHardware,Notes:3.Asshowninfigure1-7below,themainboardisinstalledinthechassis,whichisoneofthemostimportantpartsofthecomputer.译文：如图1-7所示，主板安装在机箱内，是微机最重要的部件之一。本句中“which”引导了非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词“mainboard”作主语。“which”引导的定语从句，修饰代表物的先行词，在从句中可以作主语、宾语。在限定性定语从句中，多数情况下，“which”可以与“that”互换；在非限定性定语从句中，“which”引导的句子可以单独翻译成一句话。“oneofthemostimportantpartsof”意为“最重要的部件之一”，是常用的短语。4.Theclarityisindicatedbyitsresolution,whichismeasuredbypixels.Thegreatertheresolutionis,thebettertheclarityoftheimageis.译文：清晰度由像素来衡量的分辨率表示，分辨率越大图像越清晰。“indicate”、“measure”两个含义相近的动词都使用被动语态，表示“表明、指示、衡量”的意思。“which”引导了一个非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词“resolution”作主语。“Thegreater.thebetter.”意为“越越”，也是常用的句型，例如：“Experimentalresultsshowthatthegreaterthetask-to-machineratiois,thebettertheperformanceofQUICKFITisthanMULTIFITandBoundFit,andthemakespanofQUICKFITistheleastamongthoseofLPT,MULTIFITandBoundFitinmostofcases,andQUICKFITissuitableforthelargescaleidenticalscheduling.”意为“实验结果表明，绝大多数情况下，任务机器比越大，QUICKFIT算法的性能就越优于MULTIFIT和BoundFit，总完成时间等于MULTIFIT和BoundFit中的最小者”。,.,29,TextB:OfficeHardware,Exercises:1.Translatethefollowingphrases.(1)thecorepartofanycomputersystem(2)themaininputdevice(3)sizeandclarity(4)asshowninfigure1-10(5)inorderto2.Fillintheblankswithappropriatewordsorphrases.A)numberB)memoryC)whichD)withinE)convertsF)ThroughG)switchmatrixH)formed(1)Thecomputerisbythemainframeboxandperipheralequipments.(2)aswitchingpowertransformer,italternatingcurrenttodirectcurrentthatcanbeusedbyavarietyofsystemcomponentsthemainframebox.(3)CD-ROMisreadonly,isdevelopedbytheCD-DAformat.(4)Thekeyboardisformedbyagroupofwhichcontainskeys,letterkeys,symbolkeys,functionkeys,controlkeysandsoon.,.,30,TextB:OfficeHardware,Exercises:3.TranslatethefollowingsentencestoEnglish.（1）办公自动化是在办公业务量急剧增长的情况下发展起来的一门综合性技术。（2）办公自动化的硬件设备主要包括计算机、打印机、复印机、扫描仪、传真机、刻录机、路由器等。（3）主机箱主要包括CPU、内存、主板、电源、光驱。（4）如图1-5所示，中央处理器主要由Intel和AMD两大公司生产。（5）常见的外储存器有硬盘、软盘、光盘、U盘等。,.,31,Practice,PartRoleplayConversation1RoseandMikearegoingtoschooltogether.Rose:Goodmorning,Mike.Mike:Goodmorning,Rose.Whatobligatorycoursesdoyoutakethisterm?Rose:TherearecollegeEnglish,AdvancedMathematics,Physics,PE,ManagementandAccounting.Whataboutyou?Mike:IhavetotakeAdvancedMathematics,CLanguage,MicrocomputerInterfaceTechnique,ComputerNetworkandDatabaseTechnique.Rose:Wow,youmustgetonwellincomputer.CanyouexplainOfficeSoftwaretome?Ihavealwaysbeenprettyunclearonthisissue.Mike:Ofcourse.Officesoftwarecanbeusedtodowordprocessingandsimpledatabaseprocessing,maketheformandslideshow,etc.OfficesoftwareincludesMicrosoftOffice,KingsoftWPS,YOZOsoftOffice,RedOffice,etc.Theapplicationrangeofofficesoftwareisverywide,frommeetingrecordtosocialinvestigation.Rose:Oh,Isee.Thanksalot.,.,32,Practice,Conversation1Rose和Mike正在去上学的路上。Rose：早上好，Mike。Mike：早上好，Rose。你这学期的必修课有哪些？Rose：我必须上大学英语、高等数学、大学物理、体育、管理学、会计学。你呢？Mike：我需要上高等数学、C语言、单片机接口课程、计算机网络、数据库。Rose：喔，你计算机一定学得很好。你能给我解释一下办公软件是什么吗？我一直没有弄清楚这个问题。Mike：当然可以。办公软件是指可以进行文字处理、简单数据库的处理、表格制作、幻灯片制作等方面工作的软件，包括微软Office、金山WPS、永中Office、红旗Office等。办公软件的应用范围很广，大到社会调查，小到会议记录。Rose：哦，我明白了，谢谢。,.,33,Practice,Conversation2KateandTomaretalkingabouttheCPUintheclassroom.Kate:Tom,couldyoudomeafavor?Tom:Sure.Kate:MissLihastaughtusacentralprocessingunitisthecorepartofacomputersystem.ButIstillcantunderstandthedefinitionoftheCPU.Tom:ThebrainofacomputeristheCPU.Itcontrolsinformation,tellsotherpartswhattodoandperformsallthecomputerscalculations.Kate:Oh,thatishowitis.Kate和Tom在教室里讨论CPU。Kate：Tom，你能帮我一个忙吗？Tom：当然可以。Kate：李老师讲课时说，CPU是计算机的核心部件。但是我还是不太明白CPU的含义。Tom：CPU是计算机的大脑。它控制着信息、告诉其他部件做什么并且执行计算机所有的运算。Kate：哦，原来是这样啊！,.,34,Practice,Partwriting通过Internet查找资料，借助如“金山词霸”等电子词典和辅助翻译软件，完成以下技术报告。通过E-mail发送给老师，并附上你收集资料的网址。1.简述MicrosoftOffice最新版本包含的组件有哪些？请附图片及简要描述2.简述最新的CPU的性能及价格？请附图片及简要描述3.简述最新的打印机的性能及价格？请附图片及简要描述,.,35,ReadingMaterial:OfficeAutomation,OfficeAutomation(OA)isanewworkstyle,whichcombinesthemodernofficewiththecomputernetwork.Officeautomationisanewtechnologyapplicationinthecurrenttechnologicalrevolution,whichistheproductoftheinformationsociety.Theordinaryroutineofofficeworkismainlyforlargefileprocessing,suchasdraftingavarietyoftexts，filingdocumentsfromothersareas,copyingandprintingfiles,etc.Therefore,theuseofcomputerwordprocessingtechnologytoproduceandstoreallkindsofdocuments,theuseofotheradvancedequipmentsuchascopiers,faxmachinestocopyandtransferdocuments,theuseofcomputernetworktechnologytotransferdocumentsarethebasicfeaturesofofficeautomation.Withthedevelopmentof3Gmobilenetwork,officeautomationhasenteredthemobileage.Mobileofficeautomationsystemisanintegrationof3GMobileTechnology,IntelligentMobileTerminal,VirtualPrivateNetwork(VPN),IdentityAuthentication,GeographicInformationSystems(GIS),WebServiceandCommercialIntelligenceTechnology.Itcanmigratetheoriginaldocument,addressbook,schedule,filemanagement,noticeandotherfunctionsfromOAsystemtomobilephone,andthestaffcanconductbusinessanytimeandanywhere.,.,36,ReadingMaterial:OfficeAutomation,Thesoulofofficeautomationissoftware,asshowninfigure1-22,thehardwarecanachievetheenvironmentalguaranteeofofficeautomation.Officeautomationischaracterizedbyauthorityandopen.Authoritycanensurethesafetyandthelayeroftheinformation,whichisthepremiseoftheofficeautomationsystemtostart.Openmakestheinformationsharingareality.Officeautomationsystemhassixfunctions.WordProcessingreferstoinputting,editing,modifying,merging,generating,storing,copyingandprintingthefiles.Generallyspeaking,wordprocessors,intelligentprintersandotherequipmentscancompletethesetasks.FileManagementcontainstheregistration,filing,classification,retrievalandsecurityofdocuments,whichcanbeachievedthroughtheestablishmentofpublicorprivatedistributedrelationaldatabasesystem.AdministrativeManagementincludescharting,scheduling,workplans,personnelmanagement,financialmanagementandmaterialsmanagement,mainlybasedongraphicssystem,databaseandapplicationsoftwaretoachieve.InformationCommunication:officeautomationsystemexchangesinformationmainlythroughe-mailandelectronicconference,etc.DecisionSupport:officeautomationsystemcanbeconfiguredDecisionSupportSystem(DSS)andGroupDecisionSupportSystem(GDSS).ImageProcessingreferstoenteringtheprintedlettersandnumbersintothecomputerbytheopticalcharacterreader,andinputtingthegraphicstextintothecomputerbytheopticalscannerordigitalinstrument.,.,37,ReadingMaterial:OfficeAutomation,Figure1-20OfficeAutomationSoftwareArchitecture,.,38,ReadingMaterial:OfficeAutomation,Themaintrendofofficeautomationisdigitaloffice,whichmeansall