浅谈泡沫剂及分散剂在盾构施工中的应用

.,1,40,10,angleofinternalfrictionphi内摩擦力角度,60,0,cohesionkPa粘聚力,Clay黏土,Silt淤泥,Gravel砾石,workingChamber土仓,soilconditioningandsoilmechanics渣土改良和土体机理,.,2,EPBprojectsinsoftground软土地层中地质条件决定方案,Lyon(F)96NFMEPB,=10.98m1.5-3barwaterFoam+Polymer+Filler,Botlek(NL)99HKEPB,=9,76m3.6barwaterFoam+Polymer,Aviles(ESP)99LovatEPB,=3.4m2.5barseawaterFoam+Polymer,Toulouse(F)2003HKEPB,=7.72mmainlyunderwatertableFoam+Anti-Clay,Torino(I)2004LovatEPB,=7.7mmainlyabovewatertableFoam+Polymer,BARCELONA2003HerrenknechtEPB=12.06m2.0barwaterpressurefoam+polymer+fillersuspension,Chengdu(PRC)07HKEPB,.,3,actualrangeofEPBuse使用EPB的土质范围weakgroundundergroundwaterpressure地下水压下的软弱地层,0.0010.0100.100110100,Ton,Schluff,Sand,Kies,1009080706050403020100,Particlesize粒径mm,verycoarse,frictionedsoil砾石，高摩擦力土体useFoam&specialPolymers+finefiller泡沫+特殊聚合物+细填料,siltysands粉沙层useFoams用泡沫,coarse,frictionedsoil粗砂，高摩擦力土体useFoam&Polymers用泡沫加聚合物,clayadhesion&clogging粘性土，糊刀盘usefoamandanti-clay-additives采用泡沫加分散剂,.,4,Soilconditioningagents用来做土壤改良的外加剂,Decreaseclogging,adhesion,transportproblems降低堵塞、粘性、输送问题等风险IncreasetheTBMspeed增加TBM掘进速度,Allowfillingoftheworkingchamber提高土仓充填IncreasetheTBMspeed增加TBM掘进速度Decreaseabrasion,torque降低磨损、扭距,Increasesoiladhesion,impermeability增加土壤粘性，抗渗透性Decreaseliquidsoilconsistency降低湿渣土的稠度Decreasesettlements减少沉降,3.Polymers聚合物,2.anti-clay-additives粘土分散剂,Foams泡沫剂,.,5,SoilConditioningI渣土改良Foam泡沫剂,MEYCOSLF30universal,badwater,clay适用各种土质，粘土MEYCOSLF33universal适用各种土质MEYCOSLF41soilwithwater,clay含水土壤，粘土,.,6,whatisfoam?什么是泡沫？,technicaldetail技术点,inuse应用,.,7,SurfactantTypes表面活化剂类型,IonicClasses离子,Structures结构,Cationic阳离子,LinearAlkyl线状烷基,BranchedAlkyl支烷基,DualhydrophilicGroups双性亲水团,.,8,TunnelFoamAppearance泡沫状态MEYCOFixSLFGroup系列,.,9,9,HighestFoamQuality不同FER下的发泡质量,FER=8,FER=10,FER=20,FER=V压缩空气/V泡沫剂水溶液,.,10,Whyusedifferentfoams?选用不同泡沫剂的原因,airincorporationproperties与空气的混合性能halflifetime稳定时间anti-claybehaviour抗粘性能力ion-sensibility(Ca,Na,.)与离子敏感度,rheologicalbehaviour流变能力soildrainingbehaviour渣土排干能力,foamshavedifferentproperties:不同的泡沫具有不同的特性,labtestshavetobecarriedoutpriortositeuse.现场使用前须做室内试验以选用合适的型号,.,11,SoilConditioningII渣土改良anti-clayadditives粘土分散剂,Rheosoil211standardanti-clay-polymer标准型聚合物Rheosoil212improvedversionof211211的改进型Rheosoil143foaminganti-clay-polymer发泡型聚合物,.,12,clogging&adhesiononthecutterhead刀盘的堵塞与粘附,.,13,Anti-clayadditives粘土分散剂,useinclayandclayeysoils用于粘土或粘性土体,-adhesiononmetalsurfaces粘附于金属表面,-agglomeration(cohesion)ofsoilchipstobigblocks土块结团,Problem问题,-cloggingofthecutterhead刀头堵塞,-cloggingintheworkingchamber土仓堵塞,Consequence结果,Result导致,-lowTBMspeed掘进速率低,-highmaintenance&revisioncosts保养、维护成本高,.,14,Changeofsoilbehaviour使用粘土分散剂的withRheosoilanti-clayadditives效果,.,15,MadridMetroLamprojectbeltview马德里地铁输送带效果,Foam泡沫,.,16,SoilConditioningIII渣土改良Polymers聚合物,MEYCOFixSLFP1mediumliquidsoils中度含水土壤MEYCOFixSLFP2waterbinding,increasingsoiladhesion,stabiliser富含水，增加土壤粘性，增加土壤稳定性,.,17,Hardrockchips,BodioTBM,CHreducedfinecontentexcessofwater,Howdopolymerswork?聚合物的作用,PolymerSLFP2,.,18,CharacteristicsofMEYCOSLFP1&P2MEYCOSLFP1和P2机理,触变性提高,土体颗粒,聚合物链,聚合物的长链结构：提高泡沫稳定性提高土体流变性增强土体触变性防止土体离析提高土体抗渗性出土顺畅,.,19,Usingpolymershere?聚合物会起作用吗,.,20,SingaporeMetro-PolymerP1新加坡地铁使用P1聚合物,.,21,GuangzhouMetroLine3UseofMEYCOSLFP1中交隧道广州地铁三号线使用MEYCOSLFP1,地质情况：在以712为主的连续地层中掘进，以细砂、中砂、粗砂和砾砂为主，且含水量高问题：扭矩升高土仓压力建立困难出土不能成形，呈流砂状解决方法：MEYCOSLF30+10%SLFP1结