2021版高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Cultural relics课后达标检测 新人教版必修2VIP

unit 1 cultural relics (建议用时：40分钟).阅读理解a(2020沈阳高三质检)bikes were invented when people felt the need for stable, fast and efficient vehicles. the idea of making a bike started in the 1790s. it was inspired by a toy.in 1792, it started off as a twowheeled part attached to a rigid wooden frame. people would use their feet to move the bike. however, it wasnt really what people were looking for with a lot of faults. it was a kind of transport highly demanding human energy, and the other problem was the poor stability. the front wheel could not turn so one had to get off the bike to turn it. therefore, there was a need for it to be improved, but it was not the same person who created it that changed it.in 1820 the bike yet again had a new twist. not only could the front wheel turn, but it was made more comfortable as a back supporter was secured. but one still had to move it by pushing it by feet on the ground. if one wanted to ride this bike, which was called a “hobby horse” at that time, he should know how to keep his balance. the other impressive thing that had changed was the speed, which increased up to 15 kilometers per hour.ten years later, there came the bike popular even today. this was invented by a blacksmith who used the idea of a pivot(枢轴) to develop the bike. it did not stop there. people were never satisfied with it because times also did change. as other things were being improved, so were the bikes.now with everything in place, there is a need to improve on the speed of these bikes. and the idea of it being only humanpowered is out of date. today bikes have been improved and remodeled but the resemblance to the original bikes is still there.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了自行车的历史发展过程及现状。1what was one of the problems with the first bicycle?ait was regarded as a toy.bit had too many wheels.cit had to be operated with efforts.dit was too stable to turn the wheel.c解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“people would use their feet to move the bike.”和“it was a kind of transport highly demanding human energy”可知，最初的自行车需要费很大的力气才能使它运转，故选c。2what can we know about the bike from the text?athe bike popular with us today appeared in about 1830.bthe bike was invented and improved by the same person.cthe bike made in 1820 had to be moved forward by hand.dthe bike was called a “hobby horse” when it first appeared.a解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“in 1820 the bike yet again had a new twist.”和第四段第一句“ten years later, there came the bike popular even today.”可知，至今仍受欢迎的自行车大约出现于1830年。3what remains similar in modern bikes compared with those in history?athe structure.bthe speed.cthe safety. dthe weight.a解析：细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“today bikes have been improved and remodeled but the resemblance to the original bikes is still there.”可知，现在的自行车和历史上的自行车在结构上仍然相似。4which of the following can be the best title for the text?athe development of bikesbthe invention of bikescthe impressions on bikesdthe problems with bikesa解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容，尤其是文中的“the idea of making a bike started in 1790s.” “in 1792” “in 1820” “ten years later” “today”等信息点可知，这篇文章主要介绍了自行车的历史发展过程。【难句分析】not only could the front wheel turn, but it was made more comfortable as a back supporter was secured.分析：本句含有“not only.but(also).”句型，意为“不但而且”，其中not only置于句首，其所属的分句要部分倒装。译文：不但前轮能转动，而且固定了后支架，使其更舒服。b(2020合肥高三质检)examples of effective conservation of places matter to the world. they range from the 1960s nubian campaign to safeguard ancient egyptian monuments from the waters of the aswan dam to the removal in 2018 of the belize barrier reef from the list of world heritage in danger. conservation is the core purpose of the world heritage convention and it may also be its biggest challenge.the following example shows how successes at specific sites now serve as models for conservation and sustainable development. a year after vienna was included on the world heritage list in 2001, the world heritage committee(whc) expressed concerns about the architectural solutions and height of four planned towers of the wien mitte project. this development project, close to the historic centre of vienna in the sites buffer zone, the one that lies between two or more other areas, affected the urban scale(规模) and visual effects in and around the property(地产). as a result of the committees concerns, vienna changed its building modes and launched a new design competition for the wien mitte project to work out architectural plans with reduced size in keeping with world heritage protection.the successful practice inspired the government of the city to invite over 600 experts and professionals from 55 countries to an international conference on world heritage and contemporary architecture, held in vienna in may 2005. the global discussion that followed, detailing an approach to managing conservation and development, was recorded in the unesco recommendation in 2011.the recommendation put forwards an allround and combined approach to balancing urban heritage conservation and economic development, arguing that active protection and management of urban heritage supports the goal of sustainable development. the recommendation supports the harmonious combination of contemporary involvement into the historic urban framework while holding on to values linked to history, memory and the environment.【解题导语】本文通过讲述一些具体的例子来倡导对遗产进行有效保护和可持续发展。5why does the author mention the belize barrier reef in paragraph 1?ato explain the goal of the organization.bto encourage the public to protect the world.cto show the positive effect of conservation.dto remind people of the environmental problems.c解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“examples of effective conservation of places matter to the world.”以及其和第二句之间的关系可推知，第二句所列举的例子是在证明这个观点，故选c。6why was whc worried about the wien mitte project?abecause it took up too much public land of the city.bbecause it had a bad effect on the historic centre of vienna.cbecause its original designs were not environmentally friendly.dbecause its architectural solutions couldnt meet safety standards.b解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“this development project, close to the historic centre of vienna.launched a new design competition for the wien mitte project to work out architectural plans with reduced size in keeping with world heritage protection.”可知，whc之所以对wien mitte项目担忧是因为该项目对维也纳历史中心有不好的影响。7what did the global discussion focus on?athe ways to combine conservation and development.bthe creation of the new unesco recommendation.cthe international urban management and development.dthe styles of the contemporary architecture of vienna.a解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“the global discussion that followed, detailing an approach to managing conservation and development”可知，这次全球讨论的焦点是详述遗产保护和发展的方法。8what is the authors purpose in writing the text?ato examine the challenges faced by global urban planners.bto introduce alternative ways of protecting the environment.cto stress the importance of the value of history and memory.dto promote active conservation and sustainable development.d解析：写作意图题。根据第二段第一句“the following example shows how successes at specific sites now serve as models for conservation and sustainable development.”并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文旨在提倡对遗产的有效保护和可持续发展。a项错在是为了检验全球城市规划者所面临的挑战，这只是其中例子所体现的问题，而非作者所表达的关键所在；b项错在为了引进保护环境的其他方法，文中未提及；c项错在为了强调历史和记忆价值的重要性，与主题无关，故排除。.完形填空(2020合肥高三质检)a movie about mount qomolangma i saw on a flight inspired me to climb mountains. when i saw the climbers got _1_ in a storm there, i immediately knew i had to start climbing. it was not the _2_ most people had to that film because none of them survived.i _3_ to climb all the highest peaks in europe in 2017. growing up in sweden, i was always _4_ to be outdoors by my father, but i wasnt a _5_ adventureri just wanted to be a _6_ for girls and to tell a story that had never been told.there is no _7_ definition(定义) of a mountain. in holland, belgium and denmark, the highest peak is really just a small hill. you could park your car on the top. it felt a bit like _8_， but i decided i would climb them _9_climbing mountains is an experience that is beyond _10_. you are in a beautiful environment and, when you reach the top, you feel _11_. but also you have to climb down, which is when most accidents happen. _12_， i dont climb mountains that i am not totally _13_i wanted to _14_ the project at home, on swedens kebnekaise. i climbed it with my camera assistant. i was wearing a superhero suit. once i was at the top we did a _15_it was like a day on the job; it didnt seem as _16_ as id hoped. but when i put it online and people started _17_ me, i felt _18_. thanks to climbing, i become much _19_， physically and mentally.my _20_ now is always to have a mountain in my calendar. i will climb mount qomolangma one day, when im ready.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者登山的故事及其感悟。1a.stuck bexcitedcchanged dannoyeda解析：根据固定词组搭配get stuck in“陷入”，并结合下文“because none of them survived”可知，登山者陷入暴风雪的困境中。2a.access bpromisecsolution dreactiond解析：承接上文“when i saw the climbers got _ in a storm there, i immediately knew i had to start climbing.”可知，作者当时看电影的反应就是要去爬山，而不是大多数人看到电影里没有登山者存活的反应。3a.declined bhappenedcdecided dagreedc解析：根据下文“it felt a bit like _， but i decided i would climb them _”可推知，作者在2017年决定去爬欧洲所有的最高峰。4a.troubled bwarnedcencouraged dforcedc解析：根据语境可推知，作者的父亲鼓励作者做户外运动。5a.lucky bseriousccalm dfriendlyb解析：根据下文“i just wanted to be a _ for girls and to tell a story that had never been told.”可推知，作者虽然在父亲的鼓励下做户外运动，但并不是真正意义上的探险者。6a.role model bnice surprisecfunny joke dchildhood memorya解析：根据语境可推知，作者爬山只是想成为他人的楷模，做女孩子并不常做的事情。role model“楷模”。7a.alternative buniversalcbroad dvagueb解析：根据下文“in holland, belgium and denmark, the highest peak is really just a small hill.”可推知，作者认为山并没有一个广泛适用的定义，因地方不同而不同。8a.challenging bfrighteningcattracting dcheatingd解析：根据语境可推知，事实上那些最高峰只是一些小丘陵而已，感觉像在骗人一样。9a.otherwise bregardlesscagain dindeedd解析：根据该句中的“i decided i would”，并与上文叙述的作者总是在父亲的鼓励下去做户外运动可推知，尽管那些山并不高，但是作者还是决定去爬。indeed“当然，确实”用于强调。10a.recognition breachcdescription dcontrolc解析：根据对本段的整体理解可推知，爬山是一种难以言表的体验。beyond description“难以言表”。11a.awkward bunbelievablecscared danxiousb解析：根据语境可知，你置身于美景中，登上山顶时，你会觉得不可思议，难以置信。12a.instead bhowevercthus dlastlyc解析：根据上下文可推知，此处表示逻辑上的因果关系，前因后果，thus“因此”。13a.curious about bafraid ofcaddicted to dready ford解析：根据下文“i will climb mount qomolangma one day, when im ready.”可推知，作者没有准备好是不会去登山的。14a.top off blook intocgive up dwork outa解析：根据下文“once i was at the top”可推知，作者决定完成国内的爬山项目。top off“圆满地结束”；look into“调查”；give up “放弃”；work out“解决；锻炼身体；计算”。15a.puzzle bshootccourse dwashb解析：根据上文“i climbed it with my camera assistant.”可推知，作者登顶后，进行了拍摄。16a.strange bnormalcridiculous dspeciald解析：根据“it was like a day on the job; it didnt seem as _ as id hoped”可推知，作者登顶拍摄后又觉得这很平常，就像日常工作的一天一样，没有像作者期望的那样特别。17a.praising bquestioningcdefending dteasinga解析：根据该句中的“but”表转折可推知，作者觉得自己的拍摄没有什么特别的，但把自己爬山的拍摄放在网上后却得到了人们的赞扬，由此作者感到自豪和骄傲。18a.proud bastonishedcconfused dgratefula解析：参见上题解析。19a.smarter bstrongercshyer dkinderb解析：根据语境可推知，爬山让作者身心更加强健。20a.problem bsecretcgoal dregretc解析：根据下文“i will climb mount qomolangma one day, when im ready.”可推知，作者把爬山作为自己的一个目标。.短文改错(2020济南高三检测)i was walking to school this morning when i caught sight of a old woman with a walking stick lie on the ground. quick i ran over to help her up and asked her that was wrong with her. she told me she slipped and fell because heart trouble. i was worried and decide to take her to a hospital nea