2021高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 Robots课时作业 新人教版选修7

unit 2robots.阅读理解a2020昆明市高三复习诊断artificial intelligence(ai) technology may soon be a useful tool for doctors. it may help them better understand and treat diseases like liver cancer in ways that were never before possible.rishi rawat, who teaches ai at the university of southern california in los angeles, is part of a team of scientists researching how ai and machine learning can more easily recognize cancerous growths in the liver. rawat provides information about cancer cells to a computer. he says, “you can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns and the pattern recognition thats important for making decisions.”david agus is another researcher. he believes that machines are not going to take the place of doctors. “computers will not treat patients, but they will help make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain cant recognize by itself.”once a confirmed cancerous growth is removed, doctors still have to treat the patient to reduce the risk of cancer returning. the form of treatment depends on the kind of cancer. nowadays, researchers take a thin piece of tissue (组织), put it on a small piece of glass and add color to see the cells better. that process could take days or even longer. scientists say artificial intelligence can do something better than just count cells. through machine learning, it can recognize complex patterns or structures, and learn how the cells are organized.the hope is that machines will soon be able to make a quick identification of cancer that is free of human mistakes. agus says the process could be done for almost no cost in the developing world and that having a large amount of information about patients is important for a machine to effectively do its job in medicine.the researchers of the university are now only studying liver cancer. but doctors predict artificial intelligence will one day make a difference in all forms of cancer.1what can ai do with the help of the information provided by the researchers?arecognize cancer patterns.btreat liver cancer.ccollect useful information.dstore cancerous cells.2what can we learn about ai?ait will be able to replace doctors.bpatients are unlikely to be cancerous again with its help.cit is making a difference in taking care of patients.dit can recognize cancer more accurately.3whats the authors attitude towards the future of ai?aoptimistic.bdoubtful.ccurious. dcold.4what is the best title for the text?aai is used to treat cancersbai may compete with doctorscai may make doctors betterdai is better at curing cancersb2020南昌模拟robots are now being employed not just for dangerous tasks, such as discovering mines or rescuing people in disasters. they are also finding applications as household help and as nursing assistants. as increasing numbers of machines, equipped with the latest artificial intelligence, take on a growing variety of specialized and everyday tasks, the question of how people see them and behave towards them becomes ever more urgent.a team led by sari nijssen of radboud university and markus paulus, professor of developmental psychology at ludwigmaximiliansuniversitaet(lmu), have carried out a study to determine the degree to which people show concern for robots and behave towards them based on moral principles.according to sari nijssen, the study set out to answer the following question: “under what circumstances would adults be willing to sacrifice robots to save human lives？” the participants were faced with a hypothetical (假设的) moral dilemma: would they be prepared to put a single person at risk in order to save a group of injured persons? in the situations presented the intended victim was either a human, a humanoid robot that had been humanized to various degrees or a robot that was clearly recognizable as a machine.the study suggested that the more the robot was humanized, the less likely participants were to sacrifice it. situations that included vivid stories in which the robot was described as a merciful being or as a creature with its own understandings, experiences and thoughts, were more likely to stop the study participants from sacrificing it in the interests of anonymous (无名的) humans.“this result indicates that our study group attached a certain moral status to the robot，” says paulus. “one possible suggestion of this finding is that attempts to humanize robots should not go too far. such efforts could come into conflict with their intended function to be of help to us.”5what has become a concern about robots?ahow to humanize them.bhow to treat them in life.chow to use them effectively.dhow to find more applications.6in the study the participants probably have to decide _.awhen to sacrifice a robotbwhere to experience riskscwhich robot to work withdwhat robots should be like7what can be inferred from paulus words?ahumanized robots offer less help to people.bhumanizing robots too much may be improper.ccertain moral status should be attached to robots.dconflicts often happen between humans and robots.8which of the following would be the best title for the text?arobots, a must for futurebhumanized robots, a new trendcrobots saved, people take the hitdhumanized robots replace human.七选五2020临川一中等六校联考rise and shine all daymaking these easy tasks part of your morning schedule will improve your nutrition, energy, and mood today and beyond.stretch in bed.try this even before you open your eyes. lift one arm and begin by stretching each finger, then your hand, then your wrist, and then your whole arm. _1_ then stretch your toes, feet, ankles, and legs. finally, end with a neck and back stretch that pushes you out of bed. this “power pose” makes you feel more confident all day long._2_working out before you eat encourages your body to burn more fat for energy rather than relying on carbohydrates (碳水化合物) from food. in a study, participants who exercised after breakfast still gained weight, but those who exercised on an empty stomach did not.turn on the music._3_ if anyone plays an instrument, and if you have a little time, morning is the perfect time to practice, as it prepares your brain for learning. one study found that both playing and listening to music help improve academic performance in 16 different ways, including increasing focus and memory.enjoy some fun.many people fear to face a new day of work, school, or chores. _4_ this can be having a cup of coffee as you read your favorite blog, etc. choose activities you enjoy and that set you on a good path for the day.youve improved your state of mind, your health, and your productivity all before the weekday has even begun. _5_amove on to the other arm.bdo regular exercise in the morning.cexercise a bit on an empty stomach.dtake up the entire length of the bed when you stretch.enow youre ready to conquer your todo list for today and every day.fbut if the first thing you do is pleasant, youll find it much easier to get going.gpick something energetic that you and others in the house enjoy and put it on while you get ready.语法填空2019武汉市高三五月训练题china has been selected to host the worldskills competition in shanghai in 2021, an event it hopes to use for building a stronger team of skilled workers nationwide and to improve international 1._ (exchange) in technical skills. hosting the event will help guide the whole society 2._ (respect) the spirit of skilled workmanship. it will also help create 3._ social atmosphere of respecting labor and admiring skill. china has 165 million skilled workers, including 47.9 million who are classed as highly skilled. they were first classified by the government in 2003. they 4._ (include) as one of the major statelevel talent groups along with theoretical scientists in 2015, 5._ (mark) a significant rise in their social status.chinas 6._ (early) modern skills training can date back to the qing dynasty. it was in 1866 7._ the foochow shipbuilding institution in fujian province was established. in 1978, the adoption of the reform and openingup policy highlighted a shortage of 8._ (talent) technicians. as a result, the number of students at technical institutes rose sharply. more recently, technical education 9._ (receive) greater support from the central government to help shape the nations producing power. every year, more than 100 million people have access 10._ technical education and training.课时作业(三十二).阅读理解a体裁：说明文题材：科技主题：人工智能与医疗【语篇解读】人工智能有望帮助医生诊断和治疗癌症。【熟词生义】remove常用义：v.移开；拿开例句：he removed his hand from her shoulder.他将手从她肩膀上拿开。本句义：v.去除例句：she has had the tumour removed.她已经将肿瘤切除了。【难句分析】agus says the process could be done for almost no cost in the developing world and that having a large amount of information about patients is important for a machine to effectively do its job in medicine.分析：这是一个主从复合句。the process . in the developing world为省略了that的宾语从句；that having a large amount of information . in medicine是与其并列的宾语从句；其中，having a large amount of information是动名词短语作主语。译文：agus说，这一过程在发展中国家几乎不需要任何成本就可以完成，而且拥有大量与患者有关的信息对于一台机器有效地完成医学工作来说非常重要。1a考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“he says, you can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns . making decisions.”可知，人工智能可以根据对其输入的数据来学习该模式，并进行癌症模式的识别。2d考查推理判断。根据第四段最后一句“through machine learning . are organized”可知，人工智能可以识别一些复杂的模式或结构，同时了解细胞是如何组成的。由此可推知，人工智能可以更精确地识别癌症。3a考查推理判断。根据文章最后两段的内容可知，人工智能将很快能够快速识别癌症，并且将应用到各种癌症之中。由此可推知，作者对人工智能的未来持乐观的态度。4c考查主旨大意。根据对文章的整体理解可推知，人工智能作为一种工具可以帮助医生更好地诊断和治疗癌症。b体裁：说明文题材：科技前沿主题：人性化机器人【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。机器人不仅可以帮助人类执行危险的任务，现代智能机器人还能帮助人们处理日常生活问题。研究表明，将机器人过于人性化的尝试将使人产生困扰。【难句分析】the study suggested that the more the robot was humanized, the less likely participants were to sacrifice it.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中that引导宾语从句，作及物动词suggested的宾语；“the比较级，the比较级”表示“越，越”。译文：研究表明，机器人人性化越高，参与者越不可能牺牲它。5b考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“the question of how people see them and behave towards them becomes ever more urgent”和第二段中的“have carried out a study to determine the degree to which people show concern for robots and behave towards them based on moral principles”可知，如何在生活中对待机器人已经成为人们担心的一个问题，故b项正确。6a考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句“according to sari nijssen, the study set out to answer the following question: under what circumstances would adults be willing to sacrifice robots to save human lives？”可知，该研究将要回答“在什么情况下成年人愿意牺牲机器人来拯救人类生命？”这一问题，故a项正确。7b考查推理判断。根据本文最后两句paulus所说的话可知，paulus认为，这一发现表明，使机器人人性化的尝试不应该走得太远。这些努力可能会与机器人的预期功能(帮助人类)发生冲突。据此可推知，paulus认为机器人过于人性化可能不恰当，故b项正确。8c考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要提出“过度将机器人人性化，将人的道德水准赋予机器人，将会使人受到困扰”这一观点，故c项最适合作本文标题。.七选五体裁：说明文题材：社会生活主题：早晨的活动有助于身心健康【语篇解读】每天早晨做一些简单的活动能够帮助我们改善自身营养状况、精神活力和情绪，从而精神饱满地开始一天的生活。1a根据本段小标题“stretch in bed.”可知，本段主要是建议起床前在床上做一些伸展运动。又根据空前的“lift one arm and begin by stretching each finger, then your hand, then your wrist, and then your whole arm.”和空后的“then stretch your toes, feet, ankles, and legs.”可知，伸展运动从手指到整个胳膊再到脚部和腿部，空前介绍的是做完一只胳膊的伸展，接下来应该是介绍另一只胳膊的运动。a项中的the other arm与空前的one arm相呼应。故选a项。2c设空处为小标题，应概括该段的内容主旨。根据该段中的“in a study, participants who exercised after breakfast still gained weight, but those who exercised on an empty stomach did not.”可知，一项研究表明，早饭后锻炼仍然会增加体重，而空腹运动则不会增加体重。c项中的on an empty stomach与本段中的on an empty stomach呼应，且c项的内容与本段的主题一致。故选c项。3g根据本段小标题“turn on the music.”可知，本段内容与听音乐有关。g项(当你准备好时，挑选一些你和家里其他人都喜欢的充满活力的音乐播放)符合本段主旨，且与下文逻辑相通。故选g