英语必修一Unit4单词讲解ppt课件

.,1,Unit4Earthquakes,.,2,earthquaken.地震Eg:ItisreportedthatanearthquakebrokeoutlastnightinSoutheastAsia.rightaway立刻；马上同义词：rightnow=straightaway=atonce=innotime=immediately注意：rightnow除表示“立刻，马上”之外，还表示“现在，此刻”，比now的语气强，相当于atthismoment,atpresent，用于进行时。,.,3,welln.井Eg:Abookisawellofknowledge.adj.健康的Eg:Ihopeyouwillgetwellsoon.adv.熟练地，有效地Eg:Heplaysthepianoverywellforhisage.,.,4,smellyadj.有臭味的，发臭的Eg:Hissocksaresmelly.拓展：bloodbloodycloudcloudyrainrainygreedgreedy词根：smell可用作系动词或实义动词，用作系动词时，意为“闻起来”；用作实义动词时意为“闻”Eg:Youmaysmellthemixtureanditsmellsterrible.,.,5,blood+-y=bloodyrain+-y=rainycloud+-y=cloudywind+-y=windysnow+-y=snowygreed+-y=greedydream+-y=dreamytaste+-y=tastyice+-y=icyfat+-y=fattymud+-y=muddyfog+-y=foggysun+-y=sunny,流血的,多云的,下雪的,幻想的,冷漠的，冰的,泥泞的,肥胖的,下雨的,多风的,贪婪的,美味的,阳光灿烂的,有雾的,.,6,burstv.（使）爆裂；（使）破裂；（使）爆炸Eg:Youaregoingtobursttheballoonifyouarenotcareful.Theballoonsuddenlyburst.v.猛冲；突然出现Eg:Heburstintotheroomwithoutknocking.burstinto+n.=burstoutdoingsth.突然起来eg:burstintolaughter=burstoutlaughing,.,7,eg:她突然笑起来。Sheburstoutlaughing.Sheburstinto.他突然大哭起来。Heburstoutcrying.Heburstinto.n.突然爆裂，爆发短语：aburstof一阵eg:一阵笑声,laughter,tears,aburstoflaughter,勃然大怒,aburstofanger,burstinto,burstwith,闯入,充满,.,8,eventn.（1）C（尤指涉及几个人的）事件，大事Eg:Thatwasanimportanthistoricalevent.（2）C（体育比赛等的）项目，赛事Eg:TheOlympicGamesareimportanteventsinthesportsworld.,.,9,4.atanend结束，终结eg:炎热的天气终于结束了。Thehotdaysareatlastatanend.Thehotdayscometoanendatlast.beatanend=cometoanend结束短语：putanendto=bringtoanend使结束eg:他们应该结束战争。Theyshouldputanendtothewar.Theyshouldbringthewartoanend.辨析：atanend,intheend,attheendof,bytheendof,.,10,1).atanend:表示“终结，结束”，与be动词连用。eg:战争结束了。Thewarwasatanend.=Thewarcametoanend.2).intheend:表示“最终，终于”，单独使用作状语。eg:最终他们放弃了那项计划。Theygaveuptheplanintheend.(atlast)3).attheendof:表示“在的尽头/末尾”eg:今年年底，我父亲要回家。Myfatherwillcomehomeattheendofthisyear.Heisattheendofhispatience.他已经忍耐到极限了。,.,11,4).bytheendof:到末为止，常与完成时态连用。bytheendoflast用于过去完成时bytheendofnext用于将来完成时eg:到上个月末为止，他在那条船上已经待了两年。Bytheendoflastmonth,hehadbeenonthatshipfortwoyears.到下学期末为止，我将学会3000多个英语单词。Iwillhavelearnedmorethan3000Englishwordsbytheendofnextterm.,.,12,5.nationn.民族，国家，国民单词积累：nationaladj.国家的，民族的，国营的nationalityn.国籍辨析：nation,country,state,侧重指“人民”，即“国民”,Thewholenationwasindeepsorrow.举国悲痛。,侧重指“疆土”，即“国土”。,HehasbeentomanyAfricancountries.他去过许多非洲国家。,侧重指“政权”“政体”，即“国权”,Hesaheadofstate.他是一位国家元首。,.,13,ruin（1）n.U毁坏；毁灭；灭亡Eg:Thewarbroughtruintothecountry.（2）n.倒塌的建筑物，废墟Eg:Thecastlenowliesinruins.注意：ruin表示“废墟，遗迹”，常用复数，常构成inruins，意为“严重受损，破败不堪”，强调状态，常用作表语或状语。（3）v.（完全地）毁坏，毁掉；使破产Eg:Iwasruinedbythatlawcase.,.,14,拓展：beinruins呈一片废墟bringsthtoruin使某物毁灭bringsbtoruin使某人破产sufferingn.U疼痛，痛苦，折磨，苦难eg:Deathfinallybroughtanendtohersuffering.注意：sufferings表示“痛苦，苦恼”eg:Thehospitalaimstoeasethesufferingsofthedying.,.,15,extreme（1）adj.极度（大）的；严重的；极端的；过分的Eg：extremeweatherconditions极端恶劣的天气情况extremesports极限运动（2）n.C完全相反的事物；极端，极度，极限Eg:extremesofcold,windorrain严寒，狂风，骤雨拓展：gotoextremes走极端,.,16,指损害健康，成就，容貌等，强调功能的丧失，常指事故中的伤害,普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上，感情上的伤害,指枪伤，刀伤，刺伤等皮肉之伤，尤指战场上所受的伤,一般指伤害有生命的东西，常指伤及人的健康，权利，事业等,Abulletinjuredhislefteye.一颗子弹伤了他的左眼。,Idontwanttohurtyou.我不想伤害你。,Thesoldierwaswoundedbadly.这位士兵严重受伤。,Smokingseriouslyharmedhishealth.吸烟严重地损害了他的健康。,.,17,track（1）n.C足迹，踪迹；轨道，跑道Eg:Wefollowedthebearstracksinthesnow.（2）vt.跟踪，追踪Eg:Wecontinuedtrackingtheplaneonourradar.拓展：keeptrackof记录；掌握的线索uselessadj.无用的，无效的，无价值的Eg:Heknewitwasuselesstoprotest.固定句式：Itisuseless(nouse)doingsth做某事是无用的,.,18,shock（1）v.使震惊；使惊愕；使难以置信搭配：beshockedat对感到震惊beshockedtodosth惧怕做某事eg:Themurderofsuchayoungchilddeeplyshockedthewholecommunity.（2）v.（使）愤慨，（使）生气eg:Justignorealltheirbadlanguagetheyonlydoittoshock.（3）n.令人震惊的（情况，消息）搭配：beashocktosb对某人来说是一个打击eg:Itwasarealshocktohearthatthefactorywouldhavetoclose.,.,19,shockedadj.惊愕的，感到震惊的shockingadj.令人震惊的rescue（1）n.C,U救援，营救；救援行动eg:Therescueteammadetenrescuesinaweek.（2）vt.救援，拯救，解救搭配：rescuesb/sthfrom把从（地方）解救出来eg:Theyrescuedtheboyfromtheburninghouse.,.,20,arescueteam救援队rescueworker救援人员trap（1）vt.（trapped）困住，关住，使陷入危险中搭配：betrappedin困在中eg:Thecarwastrappedinthedeepsnow.（2）n.C陷阱；困境；圈套，诡计eg:Shehadsetatrapforhimandhehadwalkedstraightintoit.,.,21,electricityn.U电，电力Eg:Thismachineisrun/drivenbyelectricity.拓展：turnon/offelectricity接通/切断电源electricadj.用电的，电动的electricaladj.电的，与电有关的electronicadj.电子的,.,22,disastern.灾难，灾祸Eg:Thefirewasagreatdisaster.拓展：atrafficdisaster一起交通事故naturaldisaster自然灾害adisasterarea灾区digout(dug)挖出，翻找出Eg:Whydidyoudigoutthoseoldmagazines?,.,23,9.buryvt.埋葬，掩埋，隐藏eg:她被安葬在她丈夫的坟边。Shewasburiedbesideherhusbandsgrave.她双手捂着脸哭了起来。Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandcried.短语：buryoneselfin=beburiedin.专心于，埋首于bendonesmind/efforts/thoughtstodevoteoneselfto=bedevotedto专心于，献身于belostin陷入中,.,24,10.sheltern.掩蔽，躲避处，避难，保护短语：takeshelterfrom躲避vt.&vi.庇护，掩护(常与from搭配使用)意为“保护不受的伤害/侵害”eg:人们在百货商场躲避阵雨。Peopletookshelterfromtheshowerinthedepartmentstore.那些树木庇护田地不受冷风侵袭。Thetreesshelterthefieldfromthecoldwind.,.,25,title（1）n.C标题，题目Eg:HisnovelwaspublishedunderthetitleofLoveandReason.（2）n.C职位名称；职称Eg:Theofficialtitleofthejobis“AdministrativeAssistant”.（3）vt.（给书籍，乐曲等）加标题Eg:Theirfirstalbumwastitled“OceanDrive”.,.,26,11.damagen.&vt.损失，损害eg:Smokingcandamageyourhealth.抽烟会损害你的健康。短语：dodamageto对造成损害12.frightenvt.使惊吓，吓唬frightenedadj.受惊的，受恐吓的frighteningadj.令人恐惧的短语：befrightenedat受惊吓，见大吃一惊befrightenedofsb/sth害怕某人/某物同义词：shock近义词：surprise,.,27,congratulationn.祝贺；恭贺；贺词搭配：offer/sendonescongratulationstosbonsth因某事向某人表示祝贺Eg:Weofferedourcongratulationstohimonhissuccess.congratulatevt.祝贺搭配：congratulatesbonsth因某事祝贺某人congratulateoneselfonsth/doingsth/that暗自庆幸Eg:Iheartilycongratulatemyselfonhavingchosenagoodwomantobemywife.,.,28,judge（1）n.裁判员，评判员；法官；审判员Eg:Thejudgesdecisionisfinal.（2）vt.判断；断定；认为Eg:Judgingbyherletter,theyarehavingawonderfultime.（3）vt.裁判；评判；担任裁判Eg:Sh