英语六大基本句型结构PPT课件

.,1,英语中常用的基本句型,.,2,英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成六种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这六种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英语基本句型列式如下：基本句型一：+（主谓）基本句型二：+（主系表）基本句型三：+（主谓宾）基本句型四：+IO+（主谓间宾直宾）基本句型五：+（主谓宾宾补）基本句型六：Therebe句式,.,3,基本句型一+（主谓）此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。,.,4,.,5,常用不及物动词有:appear(出现),apologize(道歉),arrive,agree,arise(发生),belong(属于),come,die,disappear(消失),exist(存在),fall,go,happen,hurry,listen,look,occur(发生),rise(升起),sit,sail(航行),succeed词组有:takeplace,runout,breakout,.,6,基本句型二+（主系表）此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。,.,7,.,8,基本句型三+（主谓宾）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。,.,9,.,10,基本句型四+IO+（主谓间宾直宾）此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者(一般指物)，另一个是动作的间接承受者(通常指人)。eg:givesb.sth.givesth.tosb.makesb.sth.makesth.forsb.,.,11,.,12,可以带双宾语的动词：买卖关系：buypaycost给予关系：givegrantpassofferbringsend借还关系：lendreturnowe说服关系：tellpersuade其他关系：wishnamemakecall,.,13,基本句型五+（主谓宾宾补）此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。,.,14,.,15,基本句型六Therebe句式,构成：Therebe.句型表示“某处有（存在）某人或某事物”，其结构为Therebe(isarewaswere)+名词+地点状语Therearefifty-twostudentsinourclass.Thereisapencilinmypencil-case.,.,16,一、Therebe结构中的主谓一致,1.Therebe句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词，或是不可数名词，be动词用“is”“was”。例如：,Thereisabasketballinthebox.Thereisalittlemilkintheglass.,.,17,如果句子的主语是复数名词，be动词就用“are”“were”。例如,Thereweremanypeopleinthestreetyesterday.,.,18,如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致，也就是我们常说的“就近原则”。例如:,Thereisanorangeandsomebananasinthebasket.Therearetwobottlesandanashtrayontheshelf.,.,19,2.There与be中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语和一些动词短语(如和将来时begoingtowill、现在完成时havehas+pp.、usedto结构等连用.,Theremustbeapeninthebox.Thereisgoingtobeameetingtonight.Therehasbeenabigtreeonthetopofthehill.Thereusedtobeahospitaltherebeforethewar.,.,20,Therebe句型和havehas的区别：,Therebe句型表示“存在有”,havehas表示“拥有”“所有”,两者不能同时使用.例如：桌子上有三本书.Therearethreebooksonthedesk.我有三本书.Ihavethreebooks.,.,21,1.Theyworkhard.主+谓2.Theflowerisdead.主+系+表3.Plantsneedwater.主+谓+宾4.Hegivesmesomeseeds.主+谓+直宾+简宾5.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.主+谓+宾+宾补6.Hisfaceturnedred.主+系+表,.,22,7.TherewasalotofnewsaboutZhangZiyionTVlastnight.Therebe句式8.Sheseemskind.主+系+表9.Wefoundherintears.主+谓+宾+宾补10.Iassureyouthatthismedicinewillhelpyou.主+谓+间宾+直宾11.Hehasrefusedtohelpthem.主+谓+宾,.,23,12.Theyencouragedhertotryagain.主+谓+宾+宾补13.Headmitsthathewasmistaken.主+谓+宾14.Thepenwritessmoothly.主+谓+状15.Thedinnersmellsgood.主+系+表,.,24,5Analyzethefollowingsentencestoseewhichpatterntheybelongto.,1)Bothmenspeakloudlyandclearly.2)Anintroductionusuallyincludesagreetingandahandshake.3)Mye-mailaddressislin.4)Theywilljustwavegoodbyetothewholegroup.5)Ourdepartmentheadwillgiveadinnertowelcomeyou.6)YoucouldsimplycallmeWang.7)Inherbagthereisapassportandapen.,Therebe句式,主+谓+状,主+谓+宾,主+系+表,主+谓+直宾+间宾,主+谓+宾+状,主+谓+宾+宾补,Back,WriteandApplyRules,.,25,WriteandCorrectMistakes,6Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentences.,Themanagerforthempreparessomebeautifulgifts.2)Couldyoutelltomesomethingabouttheirculturalbackground?3)Mr.Wanghasleftintheirmindadeepimpression.4)Dotheyalwayswavetoyougoodbyeinaninformalway?5)Therearealwayssomepeopletalkhappilyinthepark.,Themanagerpreparessomebeautifulgiftsforthem.Couldyoutellmesomethingabouttheirculturalbackground?Mr.Wanghasleftadeepimpressionupontheirminds.Dotheyalwayswavegoodbyetoyouinaninformalway?/Dotheyalwayswaveyougoodbyeinaninformalway?Therearealwayssomepeopletalkinghappilyinthepark.,.,26,6)Therehassomewaterintheglass.7)OnthedoorhasabigredChineseword“Happiness”.8)Thegirllookedthesmallanimalwithpleasure.9)Hegavetohersomelovelyflowers.10)Thestreetsalwayshavemanycarsrunnowadays.,Thereissomewaterintheglass.OnthedoorthereisabigredChineseword“Happiness”./ThereisabigredChineseword“Happiness”onthedoor./OnthedoorisabigredChineseword“Happiness”.Thegirllookedatthesmallanimalwithpleasure.Hegavehersomelovelyflowers./Hegavesomelovelyflowerstoher.Therearealwaysmanycarsrunninginthestreetsnowadays.,Back,.,27,WeoftenpreparesomeChinesefoodforourforeignfriends.Canyougivemesomehelp?/Canyoudomeafavor?Letsreserveforhimaquietroominthehotel.LiLiteachesMr.GreenChineseeverymorning.PleasecallmeDavid.Doyouoftensende-mailstoyourparents