语法总复习-不定式to-do-用法归纳一(公开课)PPT课件

.,1,动词不定式,todo,否定式：nottodo,.,2,分析下面的不定式在句子中作什么成分,1Toseeistobelieve.2Yourtaskistocleantheclassroom.3Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.4Shewasverybusyandhadnotimetovisitherfriends.5Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.,主语,宾语,表语,宾补,定语,状语,归纳：todo在句子中可做：主、宾、表、补、定、状,.,3,不定式,（一）学习下面句子，归纳用法。1.Todomorningexercisesisusefulforourhealth.2.Tocatchthe5:00busearlyinthemorningisnotagoodidea.3.ItsimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.4.Itisnotagoodideatocatchthe5：00busearlyinthemorning.归纳：不定式作主语，表示具体的某次动作。若不定式结构比较复杂，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语放在句子的后面。高考链接(1)(真题改编山东)Itsstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisone_(employ)asecurityofficer.,toemploy,.,4,（二）学习下面句子，归纳用法。1.Hisdreamistobeadoctor.2.Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.3.Mywishistobecomeateacher归纳：不定式作表语，表示将来的情况，说明主语的内容。其主语常常是wish,idea,task,purpose,duty,job等表示意向、打算、计划的词。练习：Yourjobtodayis_(clean)theplayground.,toclean,.,5,（三）学习下面句子，归纳用法。1.Thedriverfailedtoseetheothercarintime.2.Hecantaffordtobuytheexpensivecar.3.Ithinkitusefultolearnaforeignlanguage.4.Ifeelitmydutytosaythatyouarewrong.归纳：1.不定式作宾语，常跟在某些动词后。不定式作宾语动词口诀决心学会选计划，拒绝答应想假装；主动设法愿希望，同意请求帮一帮；准备威胁易声称，渴望申请败踌躇。其对应的动词分别为：decide/determine,learn,choose,plan,refuse,promise,want/attempt,pretend,offer,manage,expect/wish/hope,agree,ask/beg,help,prepare,threaten,tend,claim,desire/long,apply,fail,hesitate。,固定搭配,.,6,2.若不定式结构比较复杂，通常用it作形式宾语，真正的主语放在句子的后面，该用法常见的动词有think,find,make,believe,consider,suppose,feel等。,It形式宾语结构：主语+谓语+it+adj./n.+todosth,.,7,3.一些动词既可跟动名词又可跟不定式作宾语，但是两种情况下的语义不同。remembertodosth.记住要做某事rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事forgettodosth.忘记要做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事regrettodosth.对将要做的事抱歉regretdoingsth.对发生过的事后悔trytodosth.设法，试图trydoingsth.试试看，试一试meantodosth.打算做meandoingsth.意味着stoptodosth.停下来做另一件事stopdoingsth.停止做某件事,.,8,(补充)接doing形式的动词及短语1.动名词作宾语：finishdoingsth.完成做某事；enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事；practicedoingsth.练习做某事；imaginedoing,想象做某事；avoiddoingsth.避免做某事；considerdoingsth.考虑做某事；suggestdoingsth.建议做某事；minddoingsth.介意做某事；keepdoingsth.持续做某事2.固定短语：feellikedoingsth.喜欢做某事；bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事；beworthdoing值得做某事；havefundoing.做某事高兴spend(in)doingsth.花费（时间、金钱）做某事；havedifficulties/trouble/problems（in）doingsth做某事有困难；,.,9,练习：1.Shehadagreed_(go)andseeamoviewithhim.2.Themandownstairsfounditdifficult_(get)tosleep.3.Imsorry,butIdidntmean_outyoursecret.Butyouknow,lettingoutonessecretmeans_onesfeelings.Atolet;tohurtBletting;hurtingCtolet;hurtingDletting;tohurt,togo,toget,C,.,10,（四）学习下面句子，归纳用法。1.Theytoldhimnottobelateagain.2.Theparentsdontallowtheirchildrentogooutatnight.3.Sheinvitedmetohavedinnerwithheryesterday,归纳1：不定式在某些动词后作宾补要保留to,如例1、2、3。常见动词有tell,advise,allow,ask,expect,force,want,teach,wish,persuade等。【如：asksbtodo】,.,11,4.IheardhersingtodayShesangwonderfully5.Shewasheardtosingtoday6.Isawhimentertheroom.7.Hewasseentoentertheroom.8.Dontmakethechildrendosuchheavywork.9.Theworkersweremadetowork10hoursaday.,归纳2：不定式在感官动词和使役动词后作宾补要省略to,和宾语是主谓关系，强调动作的全过程，如例句4、6、8；但变为被动语态时，to不能省略，如例句5、7、9。常见动词有feel（一感），listento，hear（二听），let，make，have（三让），lookat，see，watch，notice（四看）。【主动无to，被动有to】,.,12,练习：1.Theyweremade_(work)thewholenight.2.Ihaveheardhim_(speak)aboutyouoften.3.Idecided_(write)ratherthantotelephone.4.Myfathergotme_(wash)alltheclotheslastnight.5.Thechildrenwereseen_(run)downthestreet.6.Ourteacheradvisesus_(read)aloudeveryday.7.Thecatwatchedthemouse_(slide)intothehousebutdidnothing.,speak,towork,towrite,towash,torun,toread,slide,.,13,（五）学习下面句子，归纳用法。1.Letusgivehimsomethingtoeat.2.Wehavemuchhomeworktodotonight.3.AreyougoingtoattendthemeetingtobeheldnextMonday?4.ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.5.DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteinEnglish?6.Ihavenochancetogosightseeing.归纳：1.不定式作定语常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语，表示尚未发生的动作。2.名词前有first,last,next,only等词以及最高级修饰时，其后要用不定式。3.抽象名词attempt,ability,chance,desire,determination,decision,plan,way或不定代词something,nothing等后面常用不定式作后置定语，,.,14,练习1.Theairport_(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.2.Doyouhaveanything_(do)tonight?,tobecompletd,todo,.,15,（五）学习下面句子，归纳用法。1.Toseedistantpeopleclearly,hehastowearglasses.2.Theytookmeawayfrommyworkjusttoaskmesomequestions.3.Whathashedonetomakeyousohappy?4.Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.5.Shewasnotsostupidtodothat.6.Iworkedhardonlytofailatlast.7.ThereisnodoubtthatMrs.Liwillbegladtolookaftertheboy.归纳：动词不定式作状语可表示目的、原因及结果等。作目的状语。通常放在句末；为了强调目的或意义，也可放在句首；作结果状语，可用于enoughto,so.asto,such.asto,onlyto.以及too.to等结构中。,.,16,练习：1._(catch)theearlyflight，weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.2._(workout)thedifficultmathsproblem,IhaveconsultedProfessorRussellseveraltimes.3._(learn)moreaboutChineseculture,JackhasdecidedtotakeChinesefolkmusicasanelectivecourse.4.Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,only_(find)itdidntfit.5.Hisfatherpassedaway,only_(leave)himalittlemoney.6.Sheistooweak_（join）tojoinusintheouting.,Tocatch,Toworkout,Tolearn,tofind,leaving,tojoin,.,17,三、不定式和疑问词连用1.Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.2.Thequestionishowtodothejobwell.3.Hetoldmewheretofindthebook.归纳：疑问词“what,how,when,where,which动词不定式”结构可作主语、表语和宾语等。高考链接1.Itsnousehavingideasonly.Dontworry.Petercanshowyou_toturnanideaintoanact.,how,.,18,一般式表示动作与谓语动词同时发生或在谓语动词后面发生，进行式表示动作正在进行，完成式表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。否定式：nottodo,.,19,五熟记三种结构1.Theyhadnochoicebuttomove.2.Hecoulddonothingbutwaitforthebus.3.IthurtsomuchthatIcouldnthelpbutcryoutinpain.归纳：1.havenochoicebuttodo没有选择，只能做.2.can/coulddonothingbutdo不得不做3.cant/couldnthelpbutdo不得不做比较canthelpdoing忍不住做,.,20,不定式巩固练习一1.totake,toimprove2.tohaveheard3.tobelaughedat4.Tosucceed5.inviting,togive6.toknow三ABADACAABCDBCBA,.,21,找出课文中含有动词不定式的句子,Unfortunatel