2021版新高考英语一轮复习Module5TheConquestoftheUniverse课后达标检测外研版选修8.docx

Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe (建议用时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2020大连一模)Emilia Dobek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moona total lunar eclipse(月食)on the roof of their house.Now a seventh grader at East Prairie Elementary School, Dobek recently won the national Discovery Education Lockheed Martin Beyond Challenge by designing a space station for travelling to Mars.She says that night watching the lunar eclipse started a strong desire in her that has yet to run out of fuel. So when her teacher Andrea Smeeton received information about the national challenge, Smeeton said she immediately had one student in mind.“I knew she would love the challenge and that she would go way beyond in her search，” Smeeton said. “She immediately started researching bone density(密度) of astronauts and how to have food on Mars.”“My design will ensure the safety of the astronauts but also make sure their comfort is out of this world，” Dobek says.Dobeks design calls for building the MSS or Mars Storage Station to put the supplies in. It also includes the SGF or SelfGrowing Farm, and she details how it would work with the elements on Mars.Then there is physical and leisure activity for the astronauts under Dobeks design. A simulator(模拟装置) allows astronauts to choose their exercise machine and virtual reality environment. Rooms have circular ceilings so astronauts will be able to watch downloaded shows and even see places on Earth, such as their homes.“I want to tell other kids to follow their passions，” Dobek said. “Whatever they want to do, they should push for it and always try their best.”【解题导语】本文主要介绍了小学生Emilia Dobek设计太空站，并赢得挑战的相关内容。1Dobek first became interested in space when _Ashe was still a seventh graderBshe studied at a junior high schoolCshe lived on the top of their houseDshe watched an eclipse of the moonD解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Emilia Dobek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moona total lunar eclipse(月食)on the roof of their house.”可知，Dobek对太空感兴趣是从她三年级时的一个晚上观看一次月食开始的。2Smeeton recommended that Dobek take the challenge because _Ashe knew Dobek liked challenges in lifeBshe had no other students interested in MarsCDobek knew how to research bone density of astronautsDshe was sure that Dobek would have outstanding performanceD解析：推理判断题。根据第四段Smeeton的话可推知，她对Dobek很了解，对其可以接受这项挑战并出色完成充满信心。3What does Dobek focus on when designing the space station?AThe environment on Mars.BThe safety of the supplies.CThe activities for astronauts.DThe comfort of the astronauts.D解析：推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“make sure their comfort is out of this world”并结合对倒数第二段的整体理解可推知，Dobek的设计包含身体和休闲活动，让宇航员在太空中也能感到舒适。B(2020兰州高三诊断)A new chapter opened in mankinds exploration of the moon on Thursday morning as the first probe(航天探测器) to land on the moons far side reached its destination after a 26day journey. The Change 4 lunar probe, representing Chinas latest step in lunar investigation, landed at 10：26 am at the Von Krmn crater and then sent back three photos of the landing site shot by cameras on the probes lander(着陆器), marking the worlds first images taken on the surface of the far side.One of the photos, published by the China National Space Administration, shows the place where Change 4s rover, which was named Yutu 2 on Thursday night, will be heading to explore and survey. Thus began the first long journey to the side of the moon that faces away from the Earth. It is meant to fulfill scientists longheld desire to closely observe the lesser known region.Tidal(潮汐的)forces on Earth slow the moons rotation to the point that the same side always faces Earth. The other side, most of which is never visible from Earth, is the far side of the moon. While it has been photographed by spacecraft, starting with a Soviet probe in 1959, no probe had ever made a soft landing there, so scientists had not been able to conduct surfacelevel observations and surveys of the region.Wu Weiren, chief designer of Chinas lunar program, said in Beijing on Thursday that the landing “was perfect”. He called the event “an important milestone for Chinas space exploration”， adding that it has made a good start for future lunar exploration efforts.With its investigation of the far side, particularly the Von Krmn crater, the Change 4 mission will enable scientists to find out what they havent known about the moon and deepen their knowledge of its early history and of the solar system.【解题导语】嫦娥四号探测器在月球背面着陆，这标志着中国探月工程的巨大进步，同时也为人类了解月球的背面提供了信息。4What is the first paragraph mainly about?AThe basic data of the Change 4 lunar probe.BThe Change 4s worldfirst landing on the moons far side.CThe Change 4s 26day visit to the far side of the moon.DThe description of the photos taken on the surface of the moons far side.B解析：段落大意题。根据第一段第一句“A new chapter opened in mankinds exploration of the moon on Thursday morning as the first probe(航天探测器) to land on the moons far side reached its destination after a 26day journey.”可知，本段主要介绍了嫦娥四号实现了人类首次在月球背面着陆。故选B。5What does the underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refer to?AThe lander.BThe rover.CThe far side of the moon.DThe Change 4 lunar probe.C解析：代词指代题。根据第三段的第二句“The other side, most of which is never visible from Earth, is the far side of the moon.”以及画线词所在句中的“While it has been photographed by spacecraft”可知，it在这里指代“the far side of the moon”，故选C。6What can we infer from this text?AIt is only on the moon that people can explore the deep space.BThe scientific information obtained by Change 4 will be new to the world.CIt is the first time for people to see the pictures of the far side of the moon.DChinese space technology is more advanced than that of any other countrys.B解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的“marking the worlds first images taken on the surface of the far side”可知，嫦娥四号月球探测器发回的照片是世界上首次在月球背面拍摄的，由此可推知，B项正确。7In which section of a website can we probably read this text?ATourism.BHealth Care.CScience and Technology.DArt and Entertainment.C解析：文章出处题。本文为新闻报道，介绍了嫦娥四号探测器首次在月球背面着陆，这标志着中国探月工程的巨大进步，由此可推知，本文可能出自一个网站的科技版面。故选C。.完形填空(2020长沙统一模拟)Steve was a seventh grader, a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a 12yearold. Yet, he went unnoticedhe had been _1_ every examination since first gradeuntil Miss Wilma appeared.In the middle of the first semester of school, the entire seventh grade was _2_for basic skills.“You all did pretty well，” Miss Wilma told the class after going over the_3_， “except for one boy. And it _4_ my heart to tell you this, but.” she _5_， “the smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class.” Steve _6_ his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.After that, Steve still wouldnt do his homework. Even if Miss Wilma _7_ punished him, he remained _8_“Steve, please! I care about you！”_9_， Steve got it！“Someone CARES ABOUT ME？！”One Monday a couple of weeks later, Miss Wilma gave a _10_ on the weekend homework. Steve _11_ through the test and was the first to hand in his paper. With a look of _12_， Miss Wilma took his paper and began to look it over.Miss Wilmas face was in a _13_ shock! She glanced up at Steve, then _14_， then up. The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just passed his first test!From that moment, nothing was the same for Steve. He discovered that not only could he remember and understand _15_， but he could translate what he learned into his life. He became _16_After high school, Steve enlisted in the Navy, and he had a(n) _17_ military career. During his naval years, he inspired many young people who might not have _18_ themselves without him.A _19_ took place within the heart of a boy all because of one teacher, who _20_【解题导语】Steve曾经每次考试都不及格，但是Miss Wilma看到成绩的时候，却说他是班里最聪明的学生，并且告诉他老师非常关心他。Steve感受到老师对自己的良苦用心，从此刻苦学习，改变了自己的命运。老师对他的影响促使他用同样的方法去影响并且帮助更多的人。1A.missingBfailingCpassing DskippingB解析：根据下文可知，Steve学习成绩很差。故可推知，他自一年级以来成绩就不及格，故选B。下文中的“failing”也是提示。2A.tested BclassifiedCseparated DdismissedA解析：根据语境及下文内容可知，此处是说第一学期期中七年级全部学生进行基本技能测试。test“测试”符合语境。3A.questions BeffectsClessons DresultsD解析：根据上文可知，七年级全部学生进行了基本技能测试，故此处应是指查看测试成绩(results)。4A.fills BpressesCbreaks DdestroysC解析：根据语境可知，此处表示告诉Steve他考试没及格使Miss Wilma心碎。break “使心碎”。5A.shouted BhesitatedCinterrupted DlaughedB解析：根据语境可知，Miss Wilma的语意有所转折，故此处表示她犹豫(hesitated)了一下继续说道。6A.dropped BraisedCcovered DclosedA解析：根据语境可知，Steve此次测试未及格，所以当Miss Wilma提到Steve的时候，Steve双目低垂，认真检查自己的指尖。drop ones eyes“垂下眼睛”。7A.strangely BsteadilyCseverely DsecretlyC解析：根据上文“After that, Steve still wouldnt do his homework.”并结合语境可推知，虽然Miss Wilma严厉地(severely)惩罚了Steve，但他仍然很固执(stubborn)。8A.helpless BstubbornCflexible DcrazyB解析：参见上题解析。9A.Commonly BUnwillinglyCParticularly DSuddenlyD解析：根据语境可知，Steve突然顿悟，有人关心着自己。suddenly“突然”符合语境。10A.quiz BchanceCspeech DpresentationA解析：根据下文“Steve _ through the test and was the first to hand in his paper.”可知，该处表示Miss Wilma组织了一场小测试(quiz)。11A.slept BlookedClived DhurriedD解析：根据该句中的“was the first to hand in his paper”可推知，Steve很快就完成了测试。hurry“急忙(做某事)”符合语境。12A.disappointment BsurpriseCsatisfaction DinspirationB解析：根据下文“Miss Wilmas f