高中英语完形填空解题技巧课件

.,1,完形填空专练,.,2,完形填空设空以实词为主、虚词为辅，单词为主、短语为辅。动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词等实词通常要占全部小题数的80%以上。而介词、连词、冠词等虚词则相对考得较少。具体比例见下表：,.,3,完形填空解题步骤,通览-试填-复核,1通览-速度全文，把握大意,快速阅读一下全文，通过通览全文、领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等等。,2试填-紧扣文意，瞻前顾后先易后难，逐层深入。紧扣全文内容，联系上下文和语境，展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻找线索，注意词汇的意义、搭配，惯用法，语法，常识等多个角度进行综合考虑。,.,4,3复核-全面检查，确保语意连贯，用词准确,试填后，要把全文再通读一遍，注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应。,.,5,解题技巧1.充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。（同义词或反义词）2.注意固定搭配3.注意同义词的辨义4.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词5.根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项6.根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项7.利用语法知识选出正确选项,.,6,解题技巧,1充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有可能是同义词或反义词。,1)Manyoldpeopledonthavegood_.TheycantwatchTV,buttheycanlistentomusicornewsovertheradio.,AhearingBhealthCeyesightDtime,.,7,2)Somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow.Butinsomeplacesitisvery,very_.A.deepB.highC.coldD.dangerous,根据转折连词but的提示，所选的词应与shallow相反，因此选A,.,8,3)Iclimbedthestairsslowly,carryingabigsuitcase,myfatherfollowingwithtwomore.BythetimeIgottothethirdfloor,Iwas_andatthesametimefeelinglonely.(NMET2000第26小题）,AhelplessBlazyCanxiousDtired,D,.,9,4)andthenbothendedupfromthesamehighschool,justthreeweeksbefore_,BillaskedMarkiftheycouldtalk.(2003北京春季卷第45小题）,AgraduationBmovementCseparationDvacation,A,.,10,2注意固定搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。,1）Thecity(Washington)wasnamed_GeorgeWashington,thefirstpresidentoftheUnitedStates.A.byB.forC.asD.after,.,11,2)Itwas4oclockwhenthefrontdoorbellrang.MrsClarkewas_teaatthetime.A.cookingB.makingC.burningD.serving,.,12,3)Mark_downandhelpedtheboypickupthesearticles.(2003北京春50小题）A.fellB.satC.layD.knelt,.,13,4)Edsbeentheleastphysicallyfitmemberinthefamily,and_proudofhimself.(NMET2003第42题）A.strangelyB.personallyC.reasonablyD.eagerly,.,14,5）,buttheyare_damagetoourhousesandshopsofhistoricalinterest,SaidJohnNorris,oneoftheprotesters.（NMET1999第30题)AdoingBraisingCputtingDproducing,.,15,3注意同义词的辨义,1）SoonIhearda_likethatofadoorburstin,andthenaclimboffeet.A.soundB.cryC.voiceD.shout,.,16,2）Theboywas_thewaterandhiscanoewas_away.AonBwithinCinDunderArunningBfloatingCflowingDpulling,.,17,3).Givemeahand,heshouted_hegotneartheboat.A.whileB.tillC.forD.as,四个选项都可以表示时间。while强调一段时间内进行的动作，常与进行时连用；till表示的是动作持续到某时或到某时才开始；for表示的是动作持续了一段时间；as连接的是一个与谓语动作几乎同时发生的动词。答案应选D，表示他一边向船靠近一边大声喊。,.,18,4.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词,1).Andvideocamerascanbeusedto_peoplesactionsathome.A.keepB.makeC.recordD.watch,.,19,2).Whenthepaperswere_shediscoveredthattwelveboyshadmadeexactlythesamemistakesthroughoutthetest.A.collectedB.completedC.markedD.answered,.,20,3).Japanisanislandcountryandits_goalloverthePacificlookingforfishto_.A.fishingboatsB.lifeboatsC.planesD.trainsA.buyB.catchC.holdD.weigh,只有fishingboats能够到太平洋捕鱼，因此第一个空答案A为。捕鱼用动词catch，第二个空答案为B。,.,21,5根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项,有时，选项中所给的四个词为表示上下文逻辑关系的连接性词语，它涉及到文章的起承转合、上下连贯。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对比关系等。,常见的承接语有and,but,however,so,therefore,等。其中foronethingforanother等连接词表示列举；Firstandthen,FirstNextThenFinally用来按次序描述时间发生的过程；anyhow,still,though,although表示让步关系；therefore,so表结果；because,since,dueto,owingto表原因，等等。,.,22,1).Atransistorradioissometimesverysmall.Itisveryeasytocarry_,radiobroadcastsarebetterforblindpeople.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.YetD.Sometimes,2).Atfirstnothinghappened,_suddenlyalargeratrushedoutoftheA.andB.orC.soD.then,.,23,3).Mymainresponsibility(职责）wereclearingtablesandwashingdishes,_sometimesIhelpedcook.（2003北京第40题）A.orB.soC.butD.even,.,24,6根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项,1）Thespaceislefttolettherailexpand（膨胀）whenitgets_.A.wetB.coldC.hotD.dry,.,25,2),you_theinternationaldateline.Byagreement,thisisthepointwhereanewday_.A.seeB.crossC.areD.arestoppedby_A.iscomingBisdiscoveredC.isinventedD.begins,theinternationaldateline是国际日期变更线，是人们所规定的，看不见，摸不着，但是可以越过。它是新的一天开始的地方。答案分别为B和D,.,26,7利用语法知识选出正确选项,1）WhenEdfirstphonedand_weplay,Ilaughedquietly,figuringonaneasyvictory.(NMET2003,37题）A.declaredB.mentionedC.persuadedD.suggested,.,27,2).Ireal