英语单词构成

.,1,英语单词的构成,.,2,派生词,派生词是由词根（主要是自由词根）加派生词缀构成；而词缀又有前缀和后缀的区别。,前缀：大多数前缀并不影响词根的词性，而仅对词根的意义加以修饰，表示否定、相反、程度、时间、方位等意义。,后缀：后缀具有较强的语法作用，加在词根上构成派生词，并不改变词根的基本意义，而是改变了词性。,特点：,.,3,简单词,简单词是由单一自由词素构成，多半是一些短小的词。,举例：名词boy(男孩)、girl(女孩)desk(桌子)、chair(椅子)形容词kind(好心的)、cruel(残酷的)动词give(给)、take(拿)介词atbyinonupdown,.,4,例如well-known,right-hand,full-time,词是由一个以上的词素构成。,合成词,.,5,前缀汇总,一、表示否定意义的前缀,.,6,.,7,1.Rosesaidthatitwas_fairifDadgavemeadictionarybutgaveheronlyadiary.2.Themother_dressedthebaby,thenputhiminabasinofwarmwater.3.Thoughhedidntwinanymedalsinthelastsportsmeet,hewasnot_couraged.4.Its_possibleforanyonetofinishtheworkwithinsuchashorttime.5.Pleasedont_understandwhatIhavesaid.,.,8,后缀汇总,一、形容词后缀,.,9,二、动词后缀、副词后缀,.,10,二、名词后缀,.,11,1.Tomdidntpassthemid-termtestbecauseofhis_（粗心）2.Althoughtheyaretwins,theyoftenhave_（分歧）indoingthingstogether.3.Moreandmore_（西方人）arebecominginterestedinChina.4.Learningtospeakaforeignlanguagecan_（丰富）oneslife.5.Heisadoctorwith_（耐心）.6.Heisagoodp_.Heoftenpracticesplayingthepiano.（钢琴家）,.,12,（1）合成名词名词+现在分词例：English-speaking讲英语的，south-facing朝南的名词+过去分词例：man-made人造的，water-covered被水覆盖的名词+形容词例：snow-white雪白的，day-long整天的形容词+名词+-ed例：warm-hearted热情的，kind-hearted好心肠的形容词/副词+现在分词例：good-looking好看的funny-looking滑稽的,.,13,名词+名词例：weekend周末，classroom教室，bookshop书店名词+动名词例：handwriting笔迹，sun-bathing日光浴动词+名词例：typewriter打字机，cookbook烹调书名词+动词例：daybreak破晓，toothpick牙签动词-ing形式+名词例：reading-room阅览室，sleeping-car卧车车厢,.,14,（3）合成动词副词+动词例：overthrow推翻，understand理解形容词+动词例：broadcast广播，whitewash粉刷名词+动词例：typewrite打字，sleepwalk梦游,.,15,（4）合成副词介词+名词例：underfoot脚下，beforehand事先形容词+名词例：hotfoot匆忙地，someday有朝一日形容词+副词例：anywhere任何地方，outwards向外,.,16,合成词练习教室黑板白日梦下载说英语的深绿色人造的二手的蓝眼睛的梦游克服漂白,.,17,.,18,二、形容词后缀,.,19,.,20,三、动词后缀,.,21,四、副词后缀,.,22,复合词,复合词通常上两个或两个以上自由词素构成。,特点：,复合词的组成部分有时连在一起写，有时用连字符号“-”连起来，有时则分开写，其规律很难概括。,分类：,复合名词、复合形容词、复合动词复合代词、复合介