上外：Unit 07_B (第六册,英语综合教程,外教社)

.,Unit7,TextExplanationPartII,.,Paragraph7,Superstitionseemstorun,asubmergedriverofcrudereligion,belowthesurfaceofhumanconsciousness.Ithasdonesoforaslongaswehaveanychornicleofhumanbehavior,andalthoughIcannotproveit,Idoubtifitismoreprevalenttodaythanithasalwaysbeen.Superstition,thetheologianstellus,comesfromtheLatinsupersisto,meaningtostandinterroroftheDeity.Mostpeoplekeeptheirterrorwithinbounds,buttheycannotrootitout,nordotheyseemtowanttodoso.,.,submerged,underwater;e.g.atthebottomofabodyofwater;beneaththesurfaceofthewaterRaillinesthroughoutAustriaweresubmergedandtheDanubeRiverreachedrecordheights整个奥地利的铁路线被淹没，多瑙河的河水高度达到了历史高度Theseislandsareactuallythepeaksofanancientvolcanicmountainrangesubmergedbythesea.这些岛屿实际上是被大海淹没的一个古老火山山脉的山峰群。,.,crude,notcarefullyorexpertlymade;notrefinedorprocessedItisacrudetrap,andithasworkedfortoolong.Chinaisrichinironore,bauxite,zinc,nickel,coalandcrudeoildeposits.中国拥有丰富的铁矿石、铝土矿、锌、镍、煤炭和原油储量。Behindthecrudelectern,offtoaside,standsacurtainedpuppettheatre.在粗糙的读经台后面，偏向一边，是一座挂着幕布的木偶戏台。,.,chronicle,n.arecordornarrativedescriptionofpasteventsWelookedinthealmanacpublishedbytheChronicleofHigherEducation.我们在高等教育编年史出版的年鉴上查找相关信息。Besuretowritedownthechronicleindetailsandasktheteachertosign.各班应由专人详细填写使用记录簿，并于课后请任课教师签名。”Itisarichchronicleofmomentouseventsandthepeoplethatplayedtheirpartinthem.它是一部记载重大事件及参与其中的相关人物的内容丰富的编年史书。,.,prevalent,adj.encounteredgenerallyespeciallyatthepresenttimeThehabitoftravellingbyaeroplaneisbecomingmoreprevalent.乘飞机旅行的习惯变得越来越盛行了SuchasituationisveryprevalentinAmericatodaysincesomanywomenareHIVpositive.这种情形在今天的美国很普遍，因为太多的妇女是HIV呈阳性者。,.,terror,anoverwhelmingfeelingoffearandanxiety;apersonwhoinspiresfearordreadSirCharlesterrorwassogreatthathisweakheartstopped,andhedied查尔斯爵士恐怖过度，导致原本就很虚弱的心脏停止跳动，他就死了Thechildclungroundmyneckinterror,andalmoststrangledme.那个孩子吓得紧紧地抱住我的脖子，差点把我掐死terrorist,terrorism,terrify,terrific,.,bound(n.),alinedeterminingthelimitsofanareaGodHimselfhas“placedthesandastheboundofthesea”(Jer.5:22).上帝亲自用沙为海的界限（耶利米书5章22节）。Thecontentandtheboundofprivatepropertyrightshouldbeinconformitywiththelaw私有财产权的内容及界限应当符合法律；,.,Paragraph8,Themoretheteachingofformalreligiondelines,ortakesasociologicalform,thelessGodappearstogreatnumbersofpeopleasaGodofLove,resuminghisolderformofawatchful,minatorypower,tobeplacatedandcajoled.Superstitionmakesitsappearance,apparentlyunbidden,veryearlyinlife,whenchildrenfearthatsteppingoncracksinthesidewalkwillbringillfortune.Itmaypersistevenamongthegreatlylearnedanddevout,asinthecaseofDr.SamuelJohnson,whofeltitnecessarytotouchpoststhathepassedinthestreet.Thepsychoanalystshavetheirexplanation,butcallingasuperstitionacompulsionneurosisdoesnotbanishit.,.,decline,changetowardsomethingsmallerorlowerThedeclineofthewarehousecostcanbringthebenefittothewholesupplychainandadvantagesofall.仓储成本的降低可以给整个供应链带来利益的提升和双赢的优势。Inindustrialsocieties,thesetaboosfadeasinfantandchildmortalitydeclines,lesseningthepressureonwomentoreproduce.到了工业社会，当婴儿和孩童的死亡率降低时，这些禁忌便随之消失，女性的生育压力也随之降低。,.,sociological,oforrelatingtoordeterminedbysociologyIsGreatHarmonyConfuciussSociologicalIdea?大同是孔子的社会理想吗?Ihaveinmindtheexistenceofsociologicallawsorhypotheses.我想，社会科学规律或假说是存在的。Whydidthesociologicaltraditionfade?为什麽社会学的传统日渐式微？,.,resume,takeuporbeginanew;returntoapreviouslocationorconditionJackresumedhisworkafteransweringthequestion.杰克回答完问题后重新开始工作Kickoffmeansakickfromthecenterofthefieldtostartafootballgameortoresumeitafterascore.中圈开球即从场地中间踢球，表示足球比赛开始或得分后重新开始。,.,watchful,carefullyobservantorattentive;onthelookoutforpossibledangerItisimportantthathealthorganizationsremainwatchful.卫生组织保持警惕是极为重要的。Thechildrenplayedunderthewatchfuleyeoftheirfather.孩子们在父亲的小心照看下玩耍。PresidentObamahassaidofficialsarebeingwatchful,notfearful.奥巴马总统说官员很警惕但并不恐惧。,.,minatory,threateningorforeshadowingevilortragicdevelopmentsThegasdisasterismoreseriousthantheothers,anditisthemainlyminatoryfactor.瓦斯灾害较为严重，是煤矿安全生产的主要威胁因素。minacious,minacity,minaciously,.,placated,causetobemorefavorablyinclined;gainthegoodwillofYouhadbetterplacateyourparentsangry你最好安抚你家人的怒气。FergusonalsoneedstoplacateirateUnitedfans.弗格森同时需要安抚愤怒的曼联球迷。placation,placative,placatory,.,cajole,v.influenceorurgebygentleurging,caressing,orflatteringIdontwanttocajoleyouintoreceivingmyview.我不想诱使你接受我的观点ShefavourscarrotsandstickstocajoleIranandNorthKoreaintoabandoningtheirnuclearambitions.她喜欢用胡萝卜加大棒的方式来劝诱伊朗和朝鲜放弃它们的核武器野心。,.,makeonesappearance,appear,showupSenatorTedKennedyisalsoexpectedtomakeanappearancetonight.参议员特德肯尼迪也有望在今晚出席。WhataspectsofChinesehistorywillmakeanappearanceinthegame?哪些在中国发生的历史事件会在游戏中出现？Variouskindsofup-to-datehouseholdappliances,latestfashionsandrecreationmaketheirappearancewitheachpassingday.各种现代化的家用电器、时装和娱乐层出不穹、日新月异。,.,unbidden,notinvited,voluntaryTheunbiddenguesthavenowheretosit.不速之客无处可坐。Thewordfloatedbacktohim,unbidden.这个词语不由自主地回现在他的脑中。itwasasifIhadcomeunbiddenintotheirpersonalgardens好像我成了他们私人花园的不速之客。,.,devout,earnestThedevoutChristianpersistsinhisbelief.那个虔诚的基督教徒坚持他的信念。DevoutmenburiedStephenandmadegreatlamentationoverhim.有虔诚的人把史蒂芬埋葬了，为他捶胸大哭。Agroupofdevoutmonksbeganaone-daychanting.一群僧人虔诚的开始了一天的诵经。,.,psychoanalyst,n.alicensedpractitionerofpsychoanalysisGuys,youwouldsaythatIshouldhaveruntoapsychologistorpsychoanalyst.Thiswasmyfirstideatoo.诸位，你们大概会说我本来应该去找一个心理学家或者心理分析师，这也是我最初的想法。Freudinitiatedhiscriticalresearchasapsychoanalystanddoctor.弗洛伊德是以精神分析学家，或医生的身份开始他的思辨工作的。,.,compulsion,anurgetodoorsaysomethingthatmightbebetterleftundoneorunsaid;usingforcetocausesomethingGamblingisacompulsionwithhim.赌博对他来说是一种冲动。Hefeltagreatcompulsiontodrivetoofast.他感到一阵想要开飞车的强烈冲动。Johnwilltakehismedicineonlybycompulsion.只有对他用强制手段约翰才会服药。,.,neurosis,n.amentalorpersonalitydisturbancenotattributabletoanyknownneurologicalororganicdysfunctionNeurosisessentiallyconsistsofstupidbehaviorbynon-stupidpeople.神经官能症本质上是由来自不愚蠢人的愚蠢行为组成的。SinceWorldWarII,psychologistshavefocusedonfixingwhatisbroken-repairingpsychosis,andneurosis.二战以来，心理学的研究重点是如何弥和创伤，即治疗精神症和神经症。,.,Paragraph9,Manysuperstitionsaresowidespreadandsooldthattheymusthaverisenfromadepthofthehumanmindthatisindifferenttoraceorcreed.OrthodoxJewsplaceacharmontheirdoorposts;sodo(ordid)theChinese.theyhastenedtoblesshim,lestthesoulbeseizedbytheDevil.Superstitionseemstohavealinkwithsomebodyofbeliefthatfarantedatesthereligionsweknow-religionswhichhavenoplaceforsuchcomfortinglittleceremoniesandcharities.,.,indifferent,markedbyalackofinterest；showingnocareorconcerninattitudeoractionMywifeisindifferenttopoliticsnews.我太太对政治新闻漠不关心。Howcanyoubeindifferenttothecrisis?你怎能对这场危机漠不关心呢?Itwasutterlyindifferenttoherwhohewas.对她来说，他是谁，根本是无关紧要的事。,.,creed,anysystemofprinciplesorbeliefs；thewrittenbodyofteachingsofareligiousgroupthataregenerallyacceptedbythatgroupThisisanindispensablepartofhiscreed.这是他的信条中必不可少的一部分。Istandforfreedomofspeechforeveryoneregardlessofcolor,raceorcreed.我主张不管肤色、种族和宗教信仰如何，人人都有言论自由。,.,hasten,actormoveathighspeed；speeduptheprogressof;facilitateThis,Ihastentostate,didnothappen.这一点，我要赶快声明，没有发生。Policeandfiremencontinuedtohastenevacuationofthehotel.警察和消防队员继续加快疏散饭店的工作。Wehastentogatherourflowerslesttheyareplunderedbythepassingwinds.我们匆匆采集花朵，惟恐他它们被路过的风儿掠走。,.,comeby,visitinformallyandspontaneously；obtain,especiallyaccidentallyHowdidyoucomebythispicture?你是怎麽得到这张照片的？Comebyanytime.Welltalkaboutit.你随时都可来。我们一起讨论一下。Warmprofessionalswerenoteasytocomeby.热心的内行是不容易碰上的。,.,antedate,beearlierintime;precede,gobackfurtherThecoldweatherantedatedtheirdeparture.寒冷的天气使他们提前离开。Allthisisnottoantedatethedemiseoftheempire.这一切不会使帝国提前衰亡。Ifyouusedyesterdaysdateonacheckwrittentoday,youhaveantedatedthecheck.假如你在支票上填了昨天的日期，那么日期弄错了。,.,charities,afoundationcreatedtopromotethepublicgood(notforassistancetoanyparticularindividuals);aninstitutionsetuptoprovidehelptotheneedyHesubscribesliberallytocharities他慷慨地捐助慈善事业。Myfatherdonatedallthemoneytocharitiesandthepoor.我爸爸把所有的钱都捐给慈善机构和穷人。AtChristmasmanycharitiesappealedtoustohelpthepoor.圣诞节期间，许多慈善机构呼吁我们帮助穷人。,.,Paragraph10,PeoplewholikedisagreeablehisotricalceremoniesrecallthatwhenRomewasindecline,supersititionproliferatedwildly,andthatsomethingofthesamesortishappeninginourWesternworldtoday.Theypointtothepopularityofastrology,anditistruethatsobernewspapersthatwouldscorntodealinlovephilterscarryastrologycolumnsandthefashionmagazinescountthemamongtheirmostpopularfeatures.Butwhenhasastrologynotbeenpopular?Nousesayingsciencediscreditsit.Whenhastheheartofmangivenadamnforscience?,.,disagreeable,nottoyourliking;notagreeingwithyourtastesorexpectationsHeisadisagreeablefellow.他是个难以相处的家伙。Bettyisadisagreeablegirl;shequarrelswitheveryone.贝蒂是个脾气很坏的姑娘,见了谁都会争吵。Learntodisagreewithoutbeingdisagreeable要学会平和地发表反对意见。,.,proliferate,growrapidlyorcausetogroworincreaserapidlyInrecentdecades,thevarietyofreligiousbeliefspracticedinAmericahascontinuedtoproliferate.最近几十年，在美国所见到的各种宗教信仰仍继续激增。IftheplantsproliferateonthesurfaceofMarssussessfully,theoxygenwillaccumulateintheatmosphereoftheMars如果，这些植物在火星表面成功繁殖，氧气将在火星大气里积累。,.,astrology,n.apseudoscienceclaimingdivinationbythepositionsoftheplanetsandsunandmoonIrecentlydevelopedaninterestinastrology.最近我对占星学发生了兴趣。TheBabyloniansaresaidtobethefirsttopracticeWesternastrology.据传，巴比伦人是最早使用西洋占星术的人。,.,sober,notaffectedbyachemicalsubstance(especiallyalcohol)Nomaninhissobersenseswouldactlikethis任何一个头脑清醒的人都不会这样行事。AspokesmansaysObamawillofferasoberassessmentofhowthingsstand.一位发言人说称奥巴马将对目前的情况做一个合理的评估。StonesoberasIwas,Iwasstillsmartingfromthoseoldinsultsandinjuries.尽管我非常镇定自若，这些老一套的侮辱和伤害仍使我感到痛苦。,.,discredit,causetobedistrustedordisbelieved;damagethereputationofThatboyisadiscredittohisfamily.那个男孩是他家庭的一种耻辱。Theynolongertrytodiscreditthetechnologyitself.他们不再试图怀疑这种技术本身。Suchbehaviorwilldiscredityouwithyourcolleagues.这样的行为将会让你在同事们中名誉扫地。,.,Paragraph11,Superstitioningeneralislinkedtomansyearningtoknowhisfate,andtohavesomehandindecidingit.IknewanItalian,agoodscientist,whowatchedeverymorningbeforeleavinghishouse,sothatthefirstpersonhemetwouldnotbeapriestoranun,asthiswouldcertainlybringbadluck.,.,yearning,longedunfulfilleddesireorneedAllthattheydoiscrytoGodwithyearninghearts.他们所做的只是用渴望的心来对神大喊。Thetreescometomywindowliketheyearningvoiceofthedumbearth.绿树长到了我的窗前，仿佛喑哑的大地发出的渴望的声音。yearn:(v.)desirestronglyorpersistently,.,innocently,inanaivelyinnocentmannerButthisisthebitthatistooeasilyforgotten,innocentlyorotherwise.但这些东西太容易被忘记不管是有意还是无意。innocent:(adj.)freefromevilorguilt;notknowledgeableaboutsomethingspecifiedTheyhaveimprisonedaninnocentman.他们监禁了一个无辜的人。Itisawickedthingtoframeaninnocentperson.设计诬陷一个清白的人是很败坏的行为。,.,anniversary,n.thedateonwhichaneventoccurredinsomepreviousyear(orthecelebrationofit)Mybirthdaycoincideswithmyweddinganniversary.我生日和我结婚纪念日巧合。Themanwasintroublebecauseheforgothisweddinganniversary.那个人遇到麻烦，因为他忘记他的婚礼周年纪念日。PRINCESWilliamandHarrytodayunveiledplanstomarkthe10thanniversaryofthedeathoftheirmotherDiana,PrincessofWales.英国王子威廉和哈里于今天公布了为纪念他们的母亲戴安娜王妃逝世10周年的活动计划.,.,parade,aceremonialprocessionincludingpeoplemarching;anextended(oftenshowy)successionofpersonsorthings;avisibledisplayTherewillbethe14thBigParadeinChinesehistory.这将是新中国历史上第14个国庆大阅兵。Iftherainletsupalittle,theymaybegintheparade.如果这雨小一点的话，他们就可以开始游行了。ThebandsarethemostimportantpartofthemainCarnivalparade.在主要的嘉年华游行中，乐队是最重要的一个部分。,.,Paragraph12,Iamnotonetostandalooffromtherestofhumanityinthismatter,forwhenIwasauniversitystudent,agypsywomanwithachildinherarmsusedtoappeareveryyearatexaminationtime,andaskashillingofanyonewhotouchedtheLuckyBaby;thatswarthyinfantcostmefourshillingsaltogether,andIneverfailedanexamination.Ofcourse,Ididitmerelyforthejoke-orsoIthoughtthen.Now,Iamhumbler.,.,aloof,adj.remoteinmanneradv.inanaloofmannerLateron,