简单句的五种基本句型PPT课件

.,1,英语简单句的五种基本句型,.,2,1.Theyworkhard.2.Thedeskfeelshard.3.Plantsneedwater.4.Hegavemesomeseeds.5.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.,.,3,1.Theyworkhard.主+谓2.Thedeskfeelshard.主+系+表3.Plantsneedwater.主+谓+宾,.,4,4.Hegavemesomeseeds.主+谓+直宾+介宾5.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.主+谓+宾+宾补,.,5,英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。,.,6,英语五种基本句型：1.+(主谓)2.+(主系表)3.+(主谓宾)4.+IO+D(主谓间宾直宾）5.+O(主谓宾宾补),.,7,基本句型一+（主谓）此句型的句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。,.,8,.,9,练习,1鸟在飞翔。2她的宝宝在哭。3太阳正在落山。4谁也没笑。,Birdsareflying.,Herbabyiscrying.,Thesunissetting.,Noonelaughed.,.,10,练习2,5你唱得很美。6我咳了一夜。7我们很少在外边吃饭。8昨天发生了事故。,Yousingbeautifully.,Icoughedallnight.,Weseldomdineout.,Theaccidentoccurredyesterday.,.,11,常用的不及物动词（vi.)run,swim,jump,rise,laugh,fly,come,go等。属性动词:wash,sell,record,wear,read,write等与well,easily等副词连用，也构成主谓。,.,12,基本句型二+（主系表）此句型的句子谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。,.,13,Ourschoolbecamelargerandlarger.,city/become/beautifulfeel/happy,主语+系动词+表语,.,14,练习,1今天我感觉不太舒服。2他看上去很累。3你的汤味道很好。4她似乎对计划不感兴趣。,Idontfeelverywelltoday.,Helooksverytired.,Yoursouptastesverygood.,Shedoesntseemveryinterestedintheplan.,.,15,5天越来越冷了。6孩子不久就睡着了。7他长得相当高了。8听到这消息她脸色变得苍白。,Itsgettingcold.,Soonthechildfellasleep.,Shewentpaleatthenews.,Hehasgrownquitetall.,.,16,系动词主要分三类：be,look,feel,smell,taste,soundseem,appearget,grow,become,turn,go,come,prove(turnout)stay,keep,remainbe本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义,.,17,基本句型三+（主谓宾）此句型句子的共同特点是谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。,.,18,knowslaughsatunderstandsmadeatewantsaid,.,19,练习1,1过去二十年我们取得了很大的成就。2他们很快控制了病情。3他们只是在建空中楼阁。,Weveachievedalotinthepasttwentyyears.,Theysooncontrolledthedisease.,Theyarejustbuildingcastlesintheair.,.,20,4我十分欣赏你们的表演。5顾客要求退款。6这会造成错误的印象。7我们总是交换圣诞节礼物的。,Ienjoyedeveryminuteofyourperformance.,Thecustomerdemandedarefund.,WealwaysexchangeChristmasgifts.,Thatwillcreateawrongimpression.,.,21,基本句型四+IO+D(主谓间宾直宾)此句型的句子谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是指人，另一个是指物,通常指人的宾语用一个介词（to或for）来连接，当指人的宾语在指物的宾语之前时，这一介词往往被省略。,.,22,.,23,Myfriendlentmethisbooklastweek.,owe/money/lastyearbuy/bicycle/nextChristmastell/news/thedaybeforeyesterday,主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语S+V+(sb)+(sth),.,24,练习,1她给我们唱了一首英文歌曲。2我去给你沏点新鲜茶。3这会省去你很多麻烦。4请帮我把今天的报纸拿来。,ShesangusanEnglishsong.,Illmakeyousomefreshtea.,Thatwillsaveyoualotoftrouble.,Pleasefetchmetodayspaper.,.,25,4把车钥匙递给我。5把你们的计划用传真发给我们。6你可否把书单用电子邮件发给我？7把那本书扔给我。,Handmethecarkey.,Pleasefaxusyourplans.,Throwmethatbook.,Canyoue-mailmethebooklist?,.,26,常用的带双宾语的动词,.,27,常跟双宾语的动词,give,offer,teach,tell,read,ask,bring,pass,lend,return,write,throw,allow,send,costmake,buy,do,get,save,cook,sing,find等。,.,28,take,give,teach,bring,lend,mail,offer,pass,hand,sell,send,show,throw,answer,award,write,grant,permit,promise,pay,do,buy,cook,choose,fetch,get,leave,make,order,paint,play(演奏)，save,sing,.,29,基本句型五+（主谓宾宾补）此句型的句子特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语才能使意思完整。,.,30,keeppaintedcallfoundmakessawaskedsaw,.,31,主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语S+V+(O)+(OC),Ifoundhimlyinginbed.,hear/cry/nextroom,notice/thief/steal/house,feel/building/shake,see/trees/plant/mountain,.,32,Iobligedhimtodohishomework.,he/teach/pupils/speak/Englishshe/advise/him/listen/everydayshe/allow/me/use/dictionary,主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语S+V+(O)+(OC),.,33,练习1,1我们把窗框漆成了黄色。2她把连衣裙染成淡蓝色。3他发现这工作很有意思。4什么使你这样生气？,Wepaintedthewindowframesyellow.,Shedyedherdresslightblue.,Hefoundthejobquiteinteresting.,Whatmadeyousoangry?,.,34,5我们必须在半小时内把晚饭做好。6你们必须保持房间干净。7我认为这没有必要。8不久他们就把她释放了。,Wemustgetthesupperreadyinhalfanhour.,Youmustkeeptheroomclean.,Soontheysetherfree.,Idontthinkitnecessary.,.,35,常用的带复合宾语的动词think,consider,feel,find,have,see,hear,notice,get,leave,ask,tell,etc.,.,36,典型句子分析,.,37,除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）