必修三unit1 Festivals around the world单词详解

1.takeplace物;事做主语无进行,无被动,1)发生Wasthereanybodypassingbywhentheaccidenttookplace?2）举行Thesingerwasill.Theperformancedidnttakeplaceafterall.,与place相关短语：,inonesplaceinplacetakeonesplacetaketheplaceof.,处于某人的位置,为某人设身处地想一想在合适的位置,就位取代,就位取代，代替,辨析:takeplace,happen,occur,breakout,takeplace指事先计划或预想到的事情的发生。我们学校的运动会将于下周五举行。OurschoolsportsmeetingisgoingtotakeplacenextFriday.2)happen偶然或未能预见的发生,可以和to连用或接that引导的从句。他碰巧没有读过那部小说。Hehappenednottohavereadthenovel.Ithappenedthathehadreadthenovel.,3)occur既可指某事偶然发生,也指某事按计划发生,可与happen互换。也有“突然想起”之意，常与to连用许多事故是发生在家里的。常用于；sthoccurstosb/itoccurstosbthat.Manyaccidentsoccurinthehouse.Agoodideaoccurredtohim.4)breakout仅用于负面场合,常用于灾难,战争,疾病之类事情的突然爆发。发生了大火/战争爆发了。Afire/warbrokeout.,takeplace指经过安排的事情happen偶然发生，碰巧发生breakout灾难、疾病、战争等突然爆发TheWorldWar_in1914.Thefootballmatchwill_tomorrow.Aterribletrafficaccident_lastnight.,brokeout,takeplace,happened,takeplace,happen,breakout的比较,2.beautybeautifulbeautifyv美化3.harvestn/v收获，收割agoodharvest丰收harvester收割机/人Thefarmerhiredextraworkersfortheharvest.Wewillharvestthefruitinautumn.,4.celebratev庆祝Weheldapartytocelebrateoursuccess.celebrationn.congratulatev祝贺congratulatesb.on(doing)sth.Ihimonpassingtheexam.congratulation（常加s）,starvev.挨饿;饿死Millionsofpeoplestarvedtodeathduringthewar.2)(使某人)得不到某事物而受苦或渴望获得某事物;缺乏Thehomelesschildrenwerestarvedforlove.3)tofeelveryhungry感觉很饿,仅用于进行时态Whenwilldinnerbeready?Imstarving.starvationn.U饿死dieofstarvationstarvationwages不够维持基本生活的工资,6.origin起源，由来，起因Whatwastheoriginoftheaccident?Theoriginsoflifeonearth可用做可数名词或不可数名词,通常用作复数形式originaladj.原始的,7.religious1）宗教上的，信奉宗教的Mostwesternpeoplehavereligiousbeliefs.2)虔诚的Sheisaveryreligiousperson.religionn.,8.inmemoryof纪念Themuseumwasbuiltinmemoryofthefamousscientist.,拓展：inn.of短语inpraiseof歌颂inhonorof纪念；为向表示敬意infavorof赞同insupportof支持inchargeof负责insearchof寻找inpossessionof拥有inneed/wantof需要inplaceof代替inhopeof希望,9.belief1)信任;信心UIhavestrongbeliefinmyfuture.2)信仰Creligiousbeliefs宗教信仰beyondbelief难以置信believev.,beliefn,have（great）beliefinloseonesbeliefinItsmybeliefthat-clausebeyondbelief,相信，信任/赖,不相信,我相信,难以置信，不可思议,believev,believesbbelieveinsb,believeitornot,相信某人的话,信任sb,信不信由你,信任，信心，信仰,10.dressup盛装；打扮；装饰,Youdonthavetodressup.Comeasyouare.ChildrenlovedressingupinHalloween.,dresssbupdresssthupdresssbin+颜色=bedressedin+颜色dresssb/oneself,打扮某人,掩饰,穿着,给穿衣服,11.trickn诡计；恶作剧；窍门vt.哄骗，欺骗trickortreat不送礼物就捣乱(万圣节前夕孩子们挨户要礼物的用语)playatrickonsb.捉弄某人odoingsth.哄骗某人做某事tricksb.outofsth.骗取某人某物,Thenaughtyboylovesplayingtricksonothers.do/performatrick玩把戏,12.playatrick/trickson捉弄戏弄.Thenaughtyboylovesplayingtricksonothers.13.poet诗人LiBaiisagreatpoetwhowrotemanyfamouspoems.,14.arrival1）到达，到来Thearrivalofthetrainis9:00.Onourarrivalatthefarm,wewerewelcomedbythefarmers.2)到达者Theywentouttowelcomethenewarrivals.anewarrival=ababyarrivev,15.gain1）获得Hegainedfullmarksintheexam.2)赢得Thescientistgainedtherespectofhisstudents.Nopains,nogains.,16.independence独立，自主IndiagainedindependencefromBritainin1947.dependvdependentadjindependentadj独立的，自主的bedependenton/upon依靠beindependentof不受支配的不依赖的,17.gather1）搜集Thewriterisgatheringmaterialsforhisworks.2)集合Theteachergatheredthestudentsaroundher.3)聚集Thecloudsaregathering.【辨析】collect指有计划,有选择地收集。Hecollectsstamps.,18.award1）v.授予，判定TheyawardedhimthetitleofHero.EinsteinwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforPhysics.Therefereeawardedafreekick.2）n.奖，奖品ShegotthefirstawardintheEnglishcontest.Theawardfortheyearsbestactresswasayoungwoman.,awardsb.sth.=awardsthtosb.奖赏某人某物辨析:award和rewardaward后接双宾语reward奖赏,给报酬,不能接双宾语;rewardsb.forsth.因奖赏某人；rewardsb.withsth.用某物酬劳某人Sherewardedherselfwithacupofcoffeeafterawholemorningshardwork.,19.producev生产Thefactoryproduces1,000duct产品production产量productive多产的，生产的aproductivewriter,20.admire钦佩,羡慕Wealladmirehimforhiscourageandbravery.admiresb.forsth.在某方面钦佩某人2)欣赏Iadmireyourpoemsverymuch.3)赞美Headmiredhernewdress.admirationn.,21.lookforwardto(doing)sth.期待着(做)某事ChildrenarelookingforwardtoSpringFestival.Heslookingforwardtohearingfromhispenpal.,22.dayandnight日夜;昼夜;整天Hermotherisill.Shehastotakecareofherdayandnightinthehospital.,23.clothing服装（总称，除衣裤还包括鞋帽）Thecostoffood,clothingandshelterishigh.,辨析:cloth,clothes,clothing,cloth指做衣服等用的材料,如布料,毛料,丝绸等,不可数。“一块布料”是apieceofcloth.,2)clothes指具体的衣服,包括上衣,裤子等,不能与不定冠词或数词连用,但可与物主代词,指示代词,少数不定代词连用。作主语时,谓语用复数形式。Hewearsfineclothes.他穿着很讲究。,3)clothing是衣服,服装的总称,是集合名词。作主语时候,谓语动词用单数形式。如果要表示“一件衣服”时,可以说anarticleofclothing或apieceofclothing,但不能用asuitofclothing那家商店卖童装。Theshopsellschildrensclothing.,24.custom1)风俗ThecelebrationoftheSpringFestivalisacustomforChinese.ItisthecustomfortheJapanesetotakeofftheirshoeswhentheygetintoahall.2)习惯=habitItwashercustomtoriseearly.theCustoms海关,25.permission允许，许可Iaskedforhispermissiontousethecar.Youhavemypermissiontoleave.permitsb.todosth.,30.turnup.1)出席(某活动),出现Weplannedtomeetat7:00,buthedidntturnup.2)把(收音机等)音量开大一些Turnuptheradioalittle,Icanhardlyheartheprogram.Theteacherturneddownthestudentsproposal(请求）.拒绝Ithoughtitwouldrainthenextday,butitturnedouttobeasunnyday.结果是turnoff关掉turnon打开turntosb.forhelp向某人求助,31.keeponesword守信，履行诺言Ipromisedmyteachertoworkhard,Imust.=performonesword.breakonesword失信Dontbreakyourword,otherwise,noonewilltrustyou.word此处为诺言为不可数名词消息Wordcamethathehadsucceeded.,32.holdonesbreath=stopbreathingforatime屏住呼吸,Thegirlheldherbreathatthesightofthesnake.AllAmericansheldtheirbreathtoseewhowouldwintheelection.,takebreath歇会儿getonesbreath喘过气来beoutofbreath喘不过气来,breathev.,Youmustapologizetotheteacherforbeingsorude.,33.apologize道歉saysorryapologizetosbfor(doing)sth,apologyn.,表达道歉接受道歉拒绝道歉,make/offeranapologyacceptanapologyrefuseanapology,34.drown(drowned,drowned)v.淹死Dontplaybytheriverincaseyoufallanddrown.Therewasadrowningman.(快要淹死的）drowned已经淹死的2)浸,泡,借消愁drownonessorrow/sadnessin,Thefloodsdrownedthestreetsandhouses.3)淹没Thenoiseinthestreetdrownedouthervoice.,35.obviousadj.明显的,清楚的Hismeaningisobvious.1)beobvious+to+表示人的名词或代词Herdisappointmentwasobvioustoherfriend.2)It+be+obvious+that-clauseItisobviousthatyouarewrong.Obviously,heistellingalie.,36.wipe1）擦/抹某物Wipeyourhandswiththehandkerchief.2)把擦掉，抹掉Thegirlwipedhertearsaway.3）把擦干Thestudentswipedthefloordry.,37.weep(wept,wept)哭泣，流泪Failingintheexam,thegirlweptover/forherbadlearningresults.,38.setoff1)动身,出发;TomandhisfathersetoffforAmericayesterday.2)使(地雷、