初中英语词性讲解幻灯片播放版ppt课件

.,1,词类又叫词性，英语单词根据其在句子中的功用，可以分成十个大类。,1名词noun2代词pronoun3形容词adjective4副词adverb5动词verb6数词numeral7冠词article8介词preposition9连词conjunction10感叹词interjection,studentYouhappyquicklycutthreeaatandoh,实词,虚词,.,2,名词NOUN,概念：是表示人，事物，抽象概念等名称的词。根据词汇意义，名词可划分为：专有名词和普通名词,.,3,专有名词：指表示人、地方、机构、组织等的专有名称。专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。具体说来它包括人名、国家、地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电影名以及某些抽象名词等。Tony托尼Japan日本Mr.Black布莱克先生August八月Monday星期一theGreatWall长城Christmas圣诞节English英语ATaleofTwoCities双城记,.,4,普通名词：表示一类人、东西、抽象概念的名词。例如：,表一类人：pupil,police,woman,boy，father;,表物：box,tree,orange,water,computer；,表抽象：happiness,trouble,pleasure,love,life,etc.,.,5,普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。(1)个体名词。如：cup,desk,student等。一般可数，有单复数形式。(2)集体名词。如：class,team,family等。一般可数，有单复数形式(3)物质名词。如：rice,water,cotton等。一般不可数，没有单复数之分。(4)抽象名词。如：love,work,life等。一般不可数，没有单复数之分。,.,6,英语可数名词单复数,规则变化：一般情况词尾加s。如：mapmaps,boyboys,horsehorses,tabletables.（在清辅音后读/s/，在浊辅音和元音后读/z/）s,x,sh,ch结尾的词加es.如：classclasses,boxboxes,dishdishes,matchmatches.读/iz/,.,7,规则变化：以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。如：familyfamilies,citycities,babybabies.以元音字母+y结尾的名词，直接词尾加s。如：toytoys,holidayholidays以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。如：shelfshelves,wolfwolves,lifelives,knifeknives,wifewives,leafleaves,thiefthieves.,例外：roofroofs,.,8,规则变化：以辅音字母+o结尾的名词,词尾加es；如:tomatotomatoespotatopotatoesheroheroes以元音字母+o结尾的名词，直接词尾加s。如:pianopianosphotophotosradioradioszoozoos,.,9,不规则变化：有些名词有不规则的复数形式。例如：child-childrenmouse-micemanmenwomanwomen妇女toothteethfootfeet有些名词的单复数形式相同。例如；deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese,people,yuan但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式，adollar,twodollars,.,10,注意：一些以man，woman结尾的合成词，在构成复数时，与man，woman的变化形式相同。如：policemanpolicemen,EnglishmanEnglishmen,FrenchmanFrenchmen.,中日不变英法变其余s加后面,.,11,.,12,英语不可数名词,不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。如：abagofricetwobagsofrice,apieceofpaperthreepiecesofpaper,abottleofmilkfivebottlesofmilk.,.,13,名词的所有格,1.不以s结尾的名词所有格：theboysbag,mensroom2.以-s结尾的名词所有格：TeachersDay3.职业名词、称呼名词的所有格表地点thebarbers,MrGreens,thedoctors（office），myuncles（house）4.并列名词不共有:JohnsandMarysrooms（两间）并列名词共有:JohnandMarysroom5.时间、距离、地点fiveminuteswalk；tenmeterslong；theworldspopulation,.,14,6.抽象名词后用“of+宾格”作定语；themusicofthefilm；thehelpofhim(Lucy)；thedevelopmentofChina；thedoorofthehouse7.多重所有格突出局部afriendofLucysmothers；twoclassmatesofmysisters8.“of+宾格”与“of+所有格”含意不同:thephotoofmyfather我爸爸的肖像thephotoofmine我（所有的）照片,.,15,数词Numeral,概念：数词就是表示事物的数量和顺序的词，分基数词和序数词两种。表示数目或数量多少的词叫基数词，如：one，ten,fifteen等；表示数目顺序的词叫序数词，如：fifth,second,twelfth等。,.,16,一.基数词基数词的用法：（1）几十几的基数词的十位数与个位数之间要用连字符“-”连接。如：eighty-five85twenty-six26（2）三位数的基数词须在百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）之间用and连接。如：threehundredandsixty-five365twohundredandsix206,.,17,（3）基数词的复数形式。表示具体数目,hundred,thousand,million不用复数表示不确定数目,用复数。即hundredsof(数百),thousandsof(数千),millionsof(数百万)+名词复数,可以用many/several修饰，但不能与具体数目连用。1)Ourcountryhasapopulationof1,300millionpeople.2)Therearethreethousandstudentsinourschool.3)Afterthewar,thousandsofpeoplebecamehomeless.4)Several/Manythousandsoftreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.,.,18,（4）“几十”的复数形式可以表示：几十多岁-in+ones+数词复数年代-in+the+数词复数inthe1990s20世纪90年代inonestwenties在某人20多岁时eg.Hediedinhisforties四十多岁Inthenineties,mostpeoplegotoworkbybike.90年代,.,19,（5）“基数词+名词”的合成形容词作定语，中间有连字符“”,当中的名词用单数。a3yearoldgirlaseven-dayholiday,（6）表计量-“基数词+度量单位+形容词”eg.Theclassroomis7meterslong,6meterswideand3metershigh.,.,20,序数词的用法:(1)序数词作定语，前面要加the；ThefirsttruckiscarryingafoodbasketJohnlivesonthefifteenthfloorSheismyfirstEnglishteacher.(2)有时加a/an，“再一”，“又一”的意思;WellhavetodoitasecondtimeShallIaskhimathirdtime？WhenIsatdown，afourthmanrosetospeakTheyhadasecondchildin1988.,二.序数词,.,21,编号在前，名词在后，用序数词，前面有the编号在后，名词在前，用基数词，注意首字母大写房间号码和电话号码要一个一个分别读,第一课第32页第305房间第12路公共汽车,theFirstLessonLessonOne,thethirty-secondpagePageThirty-two,Room305,BusNo.12,1、编号表示法,.,22,2.分数表示法,分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于1时，分母加-s。,1/4one-fourtha(one)quarter3/4three-fourthsthreequarters2/3two-thirds1/2a(one)half半年halfayear半小时halfanhour一年半oneandahalfyearsoneyearandahalf分数修饰名词时，后用of短语。如：1/3onethirdofteachers3/7threeseventhsoftheboys,.,23,3.年份、日期、时刻表达法,年用基数词表示,两位一读,介词用in日用序数词表示,介词用on,1999nineteenninety-ninetwothousandandeight1949年10月1日读作:October(the)first,nineteenforty-nine(月-日，年)thefirstofOctober,nineteenforty-nine（日-月，年）写作:October1st,1999(日用缩写，月-日-年)October1,1999(日用数字)1stOctober,1999日-月，年,.,24,HowmanypeoplewillcometoBeijingnextyear?Itshardtosay,_people,IlionofB.millionsofC.threemillionsD.threemillionsofAbout_studentsinourclasscandescribethatplaceinEnglish.A.three-fifthsB.three-fifthC.third-fiveD.third-fifths,B,A,.,25,Whichofthefollowingiswrong?_.A.Heisafifteen-year-oldboy.B.Heisattheageof15.C.Heisaboyof15.D.Heisfifteenyearold.Therewasnobusinthatsmalltown.Wehada_.A.tenmileswalkB.ten-milewalkC.tenmileswalkD.tenthmilewalk,D,B,.,26,Wehaveknowneachotherfor_.A.ayearandhalfB.ayearwithhalfC.ayearandahalfD.ayearwithahalf“Whatsthedatetoday?”“Its_.”A.thefourthofmayB.thefourthMayC.MayfourD.Maythefourth,C,D,.,27,冠词Article,概念：冠词是经常加在名词前面的一个辅助词，限制名词的意义。冠词在句子中不能单独作一个成分，是虚词。冠词的范围：a、an、the,.,28,不定冠词a、an1、泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或一类。eg:Anelephantismuchheavierthanahorse.Hisfatherisataxidriver.2、用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。eg:Ihavereadthebookstwice,butIwanttoreadathirdtime.3、a/an的区别a用在辅音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前，an用在元音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前。特殊词：ausualboy;ausefulbook;auniversity;aonelegdoganhonestboy;anhour;anhonoran“a,e,i,o,f,h,l,m,n,r,s,x”,.,29,ExerciseIhave_apple.Hehas_orange.Thisis_egg.Jimis_honestboyandheis_universitystudent.4.Doyouhave_computer?5.Thereis_carinfrontofthehouse.Englishis_usefullanguage.Heis_unhappyboy.Myfatherwillcomebackin_hour.Thereis_beautifulflower.Thereis_“u”and_“s”intheword“use”Pleasetake_seatandhave_rest,anan,an,ana,a,a,a,an,an,a,aanaa,.,30,4.第一次提到某人或某物而非特指时。eg：Thereisabookonthedesk,butthebookisntmine.5.用于表时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前，有“每一”的意思，相当于every。eg：threetimesaweek;halfanhour6.某些固定短语与不定冠词有搭配关系。eg：haveagoodtime;afew;getacold;payavisit;takeaseat;makealiving,.,31,定冠词the的用法1.定冠词the,用来特指某人或某物，双方都知道的人或物的名词前，或用于第二次提到的某人或某物。Isthisthebookthatyouarelookingfor?2.表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.3.用在序数词或形容词最高级前theyoungest/themostbeautiful/thefirst(second,third,fourth)Marchisthethirdmonthofayear.Heisthecleverestboyinhisclass.4.用在某些形容词或单数名词前，表示一类人或事物。如：therich;thepoor;theyoung;theoldDoyouknowwhoinventedthecomputer?Thecat,islikedbymanypeople.,.,32,5.用在表示山脉、海洋、江河、湖泊、群岛、建筑物、名胜古迹等专有名词前。如：theYellowRiver;theGreatWall;theWestLake;theWhiteHouse6.用在西洋乐器前playthepiano/theguitar/theviolin8.用在方位名词前或习惯用法inthesouth/ontheright/intheday/intheend7.The+姓的复数表示一家人TheSmiths/theGreens,.,33,_earthgoesround_sun.Jimis_tallestand_mostinteresting3._manoverthereismyteacher.4.Thereis_orangeonthetable._orangeismine.5.Iliveon_twelfthfloor.6._GreatWallis_oldestbuilding.7.Ihave_aunt._auntis_doctor.8.Inthisexam,heis_second.Jimis_boy.Heis_Americanboy._YellowRiverisoneof_longestrivers.Beijingisin_northofChina,Thethe,thethe,The,anThe,the,Thethe,anThea,the,aan,Thethethe,.,34,不用冠词的情况(1)有些专有名词、抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。如：China;Japanese;milk;love等。(2)名词前已有作定语用的this,that,my,your,whose,some,any,no,each,every等代词时，不用冠词如：Thisismyruler.(3)复数名词表示一类人或事物时，不用冠词。如：Theyareteachers.(4)表示头衔和职务的名词前也不加冠词。如：BushwasmadepresidentoftheUS.,.,35,(5)一日三餐、球类活动、学科名词前。Ihavelunchathome.Heoftenplayssoccerafterclass.Mathsishardtolearn.(6)在节日、星期、月份、季节等名词前。如：TeachersDay;MothersDay;onMonday;inMay;insummer等。(7)在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词bycar,bybus,bytrain(但takeabus,inaboat,onthebike前要加冠词)(8)在某些固定搭配里，名词之前常不用冠词。如：onfoot;athome;atnight;gotoschool;frommorningtillnight等。,.,36,7、固定搭配atfirstatlastatnoonathome首先最后在中午在家onfootinbedinhospitalgotoschool步行躺在床上住院上学1.Doyoulikeplaying_soccer?2.Iusuallyhave_milkfor_breakfast3.Wewillgototheparkon_Monday.4.Myunclelivesin_Americanow.5.Leavesturnyellowin_autumn.6.Wecangoswimmingon_Sundayin_summer.7.March8this_WomensDay.8.Hisfatherisillin_hospital.,/,.,37,.单项选择()1.Englishis_internationallanguage.A.aB.anC/D.the()2.Lookat_skirt.IboughtitformotheronMothersDay,isntitnice?Oh,what_nicepresent！A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aDa;不填()3.DoyouenjoyyourstayinHangzhou?Yes.Ivehad_wonderfultime.A./B.aC.theD.an,领悟语法,B,C,B,.,38,()4.Weusuallygoto_schoolonweekdays,andsometimesgoto_cinemaatweekends.A.不填；theB.the;theC.the;不填D.不填；不填解析：考查冠词。gotoschool固定用法,gotoa/thecinema也是固定用法，a/thecinema表示一类事物。,A,()5.Letshave_break;Iwanttomake_telephonecall.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;the,A,.,39,()6._areplanningtogoonvacation.A.BlacksB.ABlacksC.TheBlacksD.TheBlacks解析：考查冠词。the加姓的复数形式表示“一家人”。,D,()7.DoyouenjoyyourstayinHangzhou?Yes.Ivehad_wonderfultime.A./B.aC.theD.an解析：本题考查固定短语与不定冠词搭配的关系。haveawonderfultime玩的高兴。故选B,B,.,40,1.MrWanghasworkedas_Englishteacherformorethan10years.A./B.aC.anD.the2Howlongdoesittakeustogotoyourhometownfromhere?Ittakesus_hourormoretogotomyhometownby_train.A.an;aB.a;anC.an;/D.a;/3What_usefulbookitis!Yeah,ittellsyouhowtoplayguitar.A.an；theB.a；aC.a；theD.an；a4、.Susanjoinedanartclubatageofsixandpaintswell.A.theB.anC.a5、Myuncleis_engineer.Heworksveryhard.A.theB.aC.an,Exercises:,.,41,介词,概念：介词（虚词），不能在句子中独立充当成分。它总是用于名词、代词、或相当于名词的其它词类或短语从句前。,中考需要掌握的11个介词：in、on、at、to、from、by、with、for、about、after、before,.,42,2010,March,spring,themorning,thefuture,7：30,night,theageof19,first/last,themoment,Monday,March5,March5th,2010,Mondaymorning,holiday,ChildrensDay,in,on,at,Prepositionsoftime时间介词,.,43,in：in1996/in2002/in1847（年份）inOctober/inFebruary/inMarch（月份）inspring/insummer/inautumn/inwinter（季节）inaweek/inayear在1周/年中inthemorning/intheafternoon/intheevening在上午/下午/晚上inthosedays在当时/innotime立刻/inthedaytime在白天/inthefuture在将来/inoneminute在1分钟内/最后intheend表示较长时间,如：世纪、年代、年份、月份、季节、周、上午、下午、晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词“in”。,一.时间介词,.,44,on：onMonday/onTuesday/onWednesday/onFridayonJanuary1/onApril18/onMay31onJanuary1,1988/onApril18,2002/onMay31,1977onMondaymorning/onTuesdayafternoon/onWednesdayeveningonawintermorning/onasummerevening/onaautumnafternoononthemorningofMayfifthonmybirthday/onthatday/onNewYearsDay/onthefirsttwodays/onChristmasDay值日onduty/准时ontime表示具体某一天或者特定（某一天上下午）的时间用介词“on”。星期、某月某日、某年某月某日、含Day的节日、有修饰上午/下午/晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词on,.,45,at:attenoclock/atseventhirty.（表示某一钟点）atnoon/atnight/atmidnight/atdawn/atsunset（在中午、晚上、半夜一天中相对短暂的时间）attheageoftwenty/attheageofthirty-five（表示某一年龄）atthattime在那时/atthemoment这时、那时、此刻/atfirst首先/atlast最后intheend/atonce立刻、马上/at/on(the)weekends在周末/在一年中的这个时候atthistimeofyear/在开始/结束时atthebeginning/endof表示时间的某一点（或表示某时刻）如：钟点、年龄、节日、中午/夜晚/子夜或其它的习惯用法中要用“at”。,.,46,during:duringtheweekduringthosethreemonthsduringmyvisitduringtheholidays/meetingduringthespring表示“在的期间”要用介词“during”，during表示在特定的时间里，其后的名词前要用定冠词或者表示特定意义的代词。,.,47,since:since1986/since1977sincelastsummer/sincelastweek/sincelastmonthsincethen从那时以后sincehecamehere自从他来了以后表示“自以来”，表示从过去某一时刻到现在，用介词“since”。“since”“点时间”，主句常用现在完成时。till/untilTheparkisopentill5p.m.Hedidntleavetheparkuntil4p.m.表示某动作或者状态延续到某一时间终止，用介词“till/until”,.,48,Thetrainleavesat8oclock,soyoudbetterbethereby8:50.火车八点钟开，所以你最好八点五十以前赶到那儿。HeleftShanghaiattheendoflastyear.去年年底他离开了上海。（过去式）Bytheendoflastyearhehadfinishedthework.到去年年底，他已经完成了工作。at表示事件发生在某一时间点上；by表示事件发生在某一时间点前。attheendof+时间/地点，表示时间时，一般用于一般过去式。bytheendof+时间，表示时间时，一般用于过去完成时。intheend=atlast最后,表示时间介词的比较：,.,49,today/onenight/thismonth/thatsummer/lastyear/nextweek/thedaybeforeyesterday/theweekafternext再下一周Therewasafootballmatchyesterdayevening.昨天晚上有一场足球赛。Theywillgotothezootomorrow.明天他们将要去动物园。由one/this/that/last/next等修饰的表示时间的词组前不需要用介词。Illvisitmygrandparentsthisweek.这一周我要去看望我的祖父母。Pleasecometoschoolearliernexttime.下次请早点来学校。,.,50,MaryisflyingtoFrancesoon.ShewillarriveinParisthemorningofJuly9.A.onB.inC.atThetwinswerebornaFridayevening.A.onB.inC.atwetravelledovernighttoParisandarrived5oclockthemorning.A.on,inB.at,inC.at,onwefinishourlessons11:30andthenhavearestnoon.A.at,inB.at,atC.in,in,practice,.,51,in+大地方(intheworld,inBeijing,inthenorth,inChina)at+小地方(athome,atschool,atthebusstop/theairport)TheGreensliveat87KingStreet.on+门牌，某层楼(ontwentiethfloor)1.Myunclelive_F12_thefifthfloor.A.at,onB.in,onC.on,at2.Theyarrived_Beijingat12:00andwaitedforabus_thestationtothehotel.A.at,inB.in,onC.in,at,二.地点介词,.,52,on在的上面,与表面接触over在的正上方,不接触表面under在下面(是on,over的反义词)above在上方,below在下方,是above的反义词1.Look!Thereisabridge_theriver.A.onB.overC.above2.Canyouseetheegg_theplate?A.onB.inC.over,.,53,infrontof是在物体外部的前面例如:教室前有个花园。e.g.Thereisagardeninfrontoftheclassroom.,inthefrontof是在物体内部的前面例如:教室前有张桌子。e.g.Thereisadeskinthefrontoftheclassroom.,infrontof与inthefrontof的区别:,.,54,at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围内。,over,above和on均表示“在上面”,over反义词是under;above反义词是below;on指两个物体表面有接触。,infrontof表示“在前面”,其反义词是behind;inthemiddleof表示“在的中间”。,between表示在两者之间,among表示“在中”数目为三者或三者以上,around表示围绕在四周。,beside表示“在旁边”,inside表示“在内”,outside表示“在外”。,Conclusion:,near/by/nextto表示“在旁边”。,opposite表示“在对面”。,.,55,三.方位介词,in在某范围之内to在某范围之外on与某地相邻、接壤1.Chinalies_theeastofAsiaand_thenorthofAustralia.A.in,onB.in,toC.to,in2.Mongoliais_thenorthofChina.A.inB.onC.to,.,56,through,across,over,round,横穿,从内部穿过,.,57,cross表面穿过through中间穿过1.Thesunshinecomeintotheroom_thewindow.A.acrossB.throughC.past2.Youcango_theroadhere.A.acrossB.throughC.past3.Canyouswim_theriver.A.acrossB.throughC.past,.,58,四、表方式、方法、手段,in用材料、语言with用工具、某物by用方式、方法、手段1.Mymotheroftengotowork_bike.A.inB.onC.by2.Theteacheriswritingonthepaper_redinkandtheblackboard_apieceofchalk.A.with,withB.in,withC.with,in3.Canyousayit_English?A.inB.withC.by,.,59,with与一起；without、except从整体里除去个体；除之外，不包括besides“除了还”；eg.BesidesMrLi,fiveteacherswenttothemeeting.including从整体中突出个体“包括”,四、整体与部分介词,WhydidyouallgoswimmingTom?Becausehewasillathome.A.withB.besidesC.besideD.except,.,60,常见的介词搭配Itsveryniceofyoutohelpme.Itsverygoodforyoutodoexercise.theanswer(key)tothequestion(lock)befamousforbefamousasbemadeofbemadefromontimeintime,.,61,介词和动词的固定搭配同一动词和不同介词的搭配：lookat(看)lookfor(找)lookafter(照顾)lookover(检查)lookoutof(朝外面看)look(a)round(环视)arrivein大地方(到达)arriveat小地方(到达)hearof(听说)hearfrom(收到的来信)spend钱onsth.(花钱做某事)spend时间(in)doingsth.(花时间做某事),.,62,同一介词和不同动词的搭配：askfor(要求)leavefor(动身去)sendfor(派人去请)payfor(付钱)waitfor(等待)agreewithsb(同意某人)beginwith(以开始)helpwith(在方面帮助)catchupwith(赶上)geton/alongwith(与相处)makefriendswith(与交朋友),.,63,其他的介词和动词的搭配：listento(听)comefrom(来自)falloff(从上摔下)tryout(试验)knockat/on(敲)prefer.to.(比起来还是好)learnbyoneself(自学)takecareof(照顾)stop.(from)doing(阻止做)helponeselfto食物(随便吃)getto(到达)Thanksto(多亏，由于),.,64,介词和形容词的常见搭配：begoodat(在方面好)beweakin(在方面差)begoodfor(对有好处)bebadfor(对有坏处)belatefor(迟到)besorryfor(为遗憾，抱歉)befullof(充满)bebusywith(忙于)beangrywith(对某人生气)beafraidof(害怕)beinterestedin(对感兴趣)bedifferentfrom(与不同)bestrictwithsb.insth.(在某事上对某人严格)befondof(喜爱),.,65,1.害怕2.对惊讶3.生气4.对兴奋5.对满意6.以著名7.充满了8.擅长9.对感兴趣10.迟到11.与不同,beafraidof,beamazedat,beangrywith,beexcitedabout,bepleasedwith,befamousfor,befilledwith,begoodat,beinterestedin,介词短语,belatefor,bedifferentfrom,.,66,中考精选练习:选择填空:,()1.Thereisagoodplay_TVthisevening.A.onB.byC.in()2.Howfarisit_Guangzhou_Beijing?A.fromtoB.fromforC.awayto()3.Japanlies_theeastofChina.A.toB.inC.on()4.Mr.BrownhasgonetoCanada.Hewillbeback_twoweeks.A.forB.afterC.in（广东）()5.A:Whattimedidyougettherethismorning?B:_eight.A.InB.AtC.On,A,A,A,C,B,.,67,()6.Myauntarrivedhere_awarmspringmorning.A.inB.atC.on,()7.A:Whendidyourunclearrive_China?B:HegottoGuangzhou_themorningofthe16thofApril.A.in,onB.in,inC.at,on()8.Hawaiiisfamous_itsbeautifulbeaches.A.inB.forC.with()9.Dontbeangrywith_.Heisonlyachild.A.heB.hisC.him()10.Wemuststopchildrenfrom_withfire.A.playB.playedC.playing,C,A,B,C,C,.,68,代词,代词的考点,人称代词物主代词反身代词,指示代词,不定代词,.,69,.,70,主格：用作句子的主语，放在动词前（疑问句式放在特殊动词后）；eg.ShelivesinToronto,Canada.DoeshespeakEnglish?宾格：用作句子的宾语，放在动词或介词后；eg.Yesterdaymymotherboughtmeanewbike.Iusuallygotomovieswithheronweekends.形容词性物主代词：用作句子的定语，之后必须带名词；eg.Thisismybook.Thatshisbook.名词性物主代词：相当于一个名词词组，之后不能带名词（其代换的名词需在前文中出现）；eg.Hisbookismuchnewerthanmine(=mybook).反身代词：一般放在动词后，要求同主语人称一致。eg.SheteachesherselfEnglish.,基本形式,.,71,1.几个人称代词连用时的位置关系：几个人称代词同时作某一成分时，应将第二人称放在最前面，而将第一人称放最后。eg.You,heandIaregoodfriends.Thesebooksareforyouandme.例如：MissLiinvited_havedinnerwithher.A.meandyouB.youandIC.youandme2、在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not后多用宾格.例如：IlikeEnglish._too.A.IB.HeC.MeWhobrokethewindow?Not_.A.IB.heC.her,注意：,.,72,3.名词性物主代词作主语时，主谓一致关系：名词性物主代词作主语时，其后的谓语动词形式应同它所代换的名词形式保持一致。eg.Myshoesarecheap.Buthis_expensive.A.isB.areC.beD.am4.反身代词的正确写法（单复数的判断）：在使用反身代词时，应注意根据句中的某些词语推断其单复数形式，并注意写法。eg.Pleasehelp_tosomecakes,children.A.youB.yourselfC.yourselvesD.your,答案为B。因为此时的his代换了hisshoes，其代换的名词为复数，be用are。答案为C。因为“helpyourselftosome”是一个固定句式（意为“请随便吃点”），我们可根据children认定对象为复数。,.,73,反身代词常见固定搭配过得愉快自学请随便吃自言自语独自为自己不要客气陶醉沉浸于自己穿衣服照顾自己,enjoyoneselfteach/learnoneselfsth.helponeselftosth.saytooneselfbyoneselfforoneselfmakeoneselfathomeloseoneselfindressoneselflookafteroneself,.,74,人称代词填空四步推断法:,第一步：看其后是否有名词，如有则用形容词性物主代词，如无则考虑其余形式；,eg.Wheredoes_friendcomefrom?A.youB.yourC.yourselfD.yours,答案为B。因为它后面带有名词friend。,第二步：看其是否代换了名词词组，如是则用名词性物主代词，如不是则考虑其余三个；,eg.Thisisntmypen._isinmypencilcase.A.IB.MeC.MyD.Mine,答案为D。因为在此它代换了mypen。,.,75,人称代词填空四步推断法:,第三步：看其是否在动词前，如在动词前，则用主格，如在动词后，则考虑剩下的两个；,ee.Nancyismachfatterthan_am.A.IB.meC.myD.myself,答案为A。因为它位于动词am前作主语。,第四步：如在动词后，应考虑其是否同主语人称一致，如一致则用反身代词，如不一致则用宾格。,eg.Nobodyteaches_English.Sheteaches_.A.her;herB.herself;herselfC.her;herselfD.herself;her,答案为C。因为它们都位于动词teaches后作宾语；其中第一空同主语人称不一致，使用宾格，第二空同主语人称一致，使用反身代词。,.,76,指示代词,TheweatherinChinaisquitedifferentfromthatinUSA.,.,77,指示代词,ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthan_ofJinan.A.thatB.thisC.itTheradiosmadeinBeijingareasgoodas_madeinQingdao.A.thatB.theseC.those,.,78,不定代词,指用于代换上文中可数名词的all,both,each,either,none,neither(every)等表不定概念的词语。,如说明“两者”，选用both、either、each或neither。如说明“两者以上”，选用all、（every）、each或none。,eg.Thetwinsistersarebothgoodatmath.Noneofthestudentsinourclasswantstogothere.Everyboyinourclassisgoingswimmingthisafternoon.,不定代词作主语时，谓语动词单复数情况：both和all作主语时，看作复数；either、each、neither单独作主语时或同of一起构成词组作主语时（如of后带人称代词），看作单数。,.,79,eitherneitherboth,EitherTomorthetwins_thewaytotheshop.A.knowB.knowsC.findsNei