高一英语人教课标必修1UNit1friendship语法

Grammar,直接引语和间接引语,DirectandIndirectSpeech,(1)Johnsaid：“Ilikereadingnovels.”(2)Johnsaidthathelikedreadingnovels.直接引语:间接引语:,直接引述别人的话.,用自己的话转述别人的话.它构成宾语从句.,Grammar:DirectandIndirectSpeech(1),转述他人的陈述陈述句,SheaskedmewhatIwasdoing.,1)Hesaid,“ImgoingtoBeijing.”,HesaidthathewasgoingtoBeijing.,2)Heasked,“Areyouateacher?”,Heaskedmeif/whetherIwasateacher.,3)Shesaid,“Whatareyoudoing?”,2.转述他人的疑问一般疑问句,3.转述他人的问题特殊疑问句,直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化,Hesaid,“IhavebeentotheGreatWall.”HesaidtousthathehadbeentotheGreatWall.Hesaid,“IllgiveyouanexaminationnextMonday.”HetoldusthathewouldgiveusanexaminationthenextMonday.,陈述句用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said,也可用told来代替,注意，可以说saidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.that，不可直接说toldthat,陈述句解题步骤:,“Idontlikecomputers,”Sarahsaidtoherfriends.,Sarahsaidtoherfriends,that,didnt,she,Sarahsaidtoherfriendsthatshedidntlikecomputers.,一般疑问句,Hesaid,“Doyouhaveanydifficultywithpronunciation?”Heasked(me)whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithmypronunciation.Hesaid,“YouareinterestedinEnglish,arentyou?”HeaskedwhetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.,间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等)，语序是陈述句的语序,一般疑问句解题步骤:Isiteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil?(Theyaskedhim),Theyaskedhim,if,Itiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.,(itiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.),asked,is,was,Theyaskedhimifitwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.,特殊疑问句,Hesaidtome，“Whatsyourname?”Heaskedmewhatmynamewas.Heaskedus,“Howmanycarfactorieshavebeenbuiltinyourcountry?”Heaskedushowmanycarfactorieshadbeenbuiltinourcountry.,原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask(sb.)来表达，语序改为陈述句语序,3.特殊疑问句解题步骤：Whendoyouharvestthewheat?(Theyaskedhim),Theyaskedhim,When,youharvestthewheat,(youharvestthewheat.),he,harvested,Theyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.,选择疑问句,Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench?”HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorFrench.,用whetheror表达，而不用ifor，也不用eitheror,在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化,1.注意时态的变化,2.注意人称变化,7.注意语序的变化,3.注意指示代词的变化,4.注意时间的变化,5.注意地点的变化,6.注意个别趋向动词的变化,Hesaidhe,playedfootball,wasplaying,hadplayed,hadplayed,wouldplay,hadplayed,attention:,Therearesomecasesinwhichwedontneedtochangethetenseinindirectspeech.,Whendirectspeechisabout:a)atruth真理b)atimetable时间表c)asaying/proverb/quotation格言/引用语d)Anadverbialindicatingthepast过去的时间状语,Trytochangedirectspeechintoindirectspeech:,Hesaidthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.,Hesaidthatthetrainleavesat7:30p.m.,HesaidthatRomeisntbuiltinaday.,TomsaidhewasborninJuly,1978.,直接引语,间接引语,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语,方向性动词,this,that,these,those,now,then,today,thatday,thisweek,thatweek,yesterday,thedaybefore,lastweek,theweekbefore,fourdaysago,fourdaysbefore,thedaybeforeyesterday,twodaysbefore,tomorrow,thenextday,nextmonth,thenextmonth,here,there,come,go,Bring,take,borrow,lend,Exercises:,1.Hesaid,“ImafraidIcantfinishthiswork.”,2.Hesaid,“IhaventheardfromhimsinceMay.”3.Tomsaid“Iwillseeyounextweek.”,Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldntfinishthatwork.,HesaidthathehadntheardfromhimsinceMay.,Tomsaidthathewouldseemethenextweek.,4.“Whywereyoulateagain?”Theteachersaidtome.5.“HaveyoubeentoParis?”Myclassmateaskedme.6.HisfriendsaskedhimifhewouldgotoDalian.,TheteacheraskedmewhyIwaslateagain.,Hisfriendsaskedhim,“WillyougotoDalian?”,MyclassmateaskedmeifIhadbeentoParis.,TrytodoSBP.5Ex.2Changethesentenceseitherintodirectspeechorindirectspeech:,1.Annesaidthatshedidntknowtheaddressofhernewhome.2.Annetoldherfatherthatshehadgottiredoflookingatnaturethroughdirtycurtainsanddustywindows.3.Thegirlsaidthatsheneededtopackupherthingsinthesuitcaseveryquickly.,4.Herfatheraskedherwhyshehadchosenherdiaryandoldletters.5.“Areyouveryhotwithsomanyclotheson?”