《英语状语从句讲练》PPT课件

,状语从句讲练,用作状语的从句叫做状语从句。引导状语从句的关联词是一些从属连词。例：Whenyoucrosstheroad,youmustbecareful.当你过马路时要小心。（when是从属连词）IwaslatebecauseImissedthebus.我迟到了，因为我误了公共汽车。（because是从属连词）.Ifsheasksme,Illtellher.她如果问我，我就告诉她。（if是从属连词）Youlookasifyouneedarest.你像是需要休息似的。（asif是从属连词）.,状语从句,状语从句的位置比较灵活，有时可以放于句首，有时可以置于句末。状语从句位于句首时，其后常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。状语从句可以根据其用途分为：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句。,1.时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的关联词常有：after,before,when,while,whenever,assoonas,themoment,as,since,until,theminute,thesecond,immediately,directly,instantly等。例：Theballgoesupveryhighafterithitstheground.这球着地后蹦得很高。Waituntilyourecalled.你等着叫你吧！,Whenhecame,Iwascooking.他来时，我在做饭。IllcallyouassoonasIcomeback.我一回来就给你打电话。Beforetheycameback,wehadfinishedthework.他们回来前，我们已经完成工作了。Wehaventseeneachothersinceheleft.从他离开后我们没见过面。,when:持续性非持续性动词都可以,当时正在忽然,Areyougoingtobeasailorwhenyouleaveschool?,sb.wasdoingwhensbwasabouttodo/wasgoingtodowhensbhasjustdonewhen,when=atthistime/atthattime,When的其他含义：Whydoyouwalkwhenyouhaveacar?在的情况下Howcanweexplainittoyouwhenyouwontlisten?ifWhyareyouherewhenyoushouldbeinschool?本该而,while的其他含义：WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.(while=_)Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.(while=_)WhileIreallydontlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(while=_)Whilethereislifethereishope.(while=_),when,although,aslongas,but,as:当时；一边一边；随着,某事一发生，另一事立即发生两个动作同时发生,Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.,Asthecaptainpassedme,Iaskedhimwhethertherewasanyhopeofsavingtheship.,as的常见用法：1.Shesangassheworked.一边一边2.Smartasheis,hedoesntstudyhard.虽然（倒装）3.YoumusttrytodoasIdid.像.一样4.Asshewaslateforclass,shehadtosaysorry.由于,before在前ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.Itwontbehalfayearbeforewemeetagain.Wesailedfourdaysandnightsbeforewesawtheland.Wehadntrunamilebeforehefelttired.,肯定句“才”否定句“就”,itwillbe+一段时间before.多久之后才.,itwontbe+一段时间before.不久就.,theminute,thesecond等名词短语可以引导时间状语从句：1.EverytimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpme.2.Nexttimeyoucome,dorememberbringyoursonhere.3.FirsttimeImetthegirl.Ifeltinlovewithher.4.Youarewelcometocomebackanytimeyouwantto.5.LasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.,语法规则：everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。,“一就”“刚.就”我一到达上海就给你打电话。（时态）时态要求：改错:Ihardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.翻译为“刚就”的连接词有时态要求：主句谓语动词用haddone,从句用did,IwillcallyouassoonasIarriveinShanghai.,had,以一般现在时代替将来时,nosooner.than,hardly.when,scarcely.when,till,until和notuntil：1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如：Wewaiteduntilhecame.2用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：,Hewontgotobedtill/untilshereturns.3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.4notuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法：ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.（强调句）NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.（倒装）,易混淆句型itis+时间+sincebeforewhenthatItisfiveyears_hefinishedhisresearch.Itwasfiveyears_hefinishedhisresearch.Itwasfiveyearslater_hefinishedhisresearch.Itwas5oclock_hegothome.Itwasat5oclock_hegothome.,since,when,that,before,that,练一练,1._hecomesheretomorrow,Iwillcallyou.2._hewaswalkinginthestreet,hemetTim.3.Shesang_sheworked.4.Therewasanapplause_sheappearedonthestage.,When,While/When,as,themoment(assoonas)theminute/thesecond/immediately/directly/instantly,5.Itwontbelong_hefinisheshiswriting.6._hehadfinishedhiswork,heleftthere.7.Itistwoyears_hecamehere.8._Icatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.9._shetoldme,Ihadnoideaofwhattheyhadsaid.,before,After,since,Everytime/eachtime,Until,2.地点状语从句地点状语从句由where,wherever等引导。例如：Hewenttowherehisfatherworkedfiveyearsago.Youcantakeawalkwhereveryouliketo.-Mom,whatdidyourdoctorsay?-Headvisedmetolivewheretheairisfresher?,3.原因状语从句原因状语从句通常由because,as,since,nowthat,considering(that),seeing(that)等词引导。because语气较强，用以回答why问句as语气较弱，较口语化，所表示的原因较明显。since语气较弱，常表对方已知的事实，相当于汉语的“既然”。,for放句中，引导后半句表原因。nowthat既然，表示原因放在句首。consideringthat考虑到鉴于（句首）seeingthat鉴于由于既然因为（句首）,1._hewasill,hedidntgotoschool.2._youdonotunderstand,Iwillexplainagain.3.Asshewaslateforclass,shehadtosaysorry.4._classisover,letsgotoplayfootball.5.Hemustbeill,_heisabsenttoday.,Because,Since,Nowthat,for,练一练,6.Ieatpotatoes_Ilikethem.我吃土豆是因为我喜欢土豆。7._Ididntknowtheway,Iaskedapoliceman.我由于不知道路，因而问警察。8._youwonthelpme,Illasksomeoneelse.你既然不帮我，那我就请别人帮我。,because,As,Since,4.结果状语从句结果状语从句常用sothat,suchthat等关联词引导。e.g.Heissoyoungthathecantgotowork.他如此小以致于他不能上班。Hegotsolittlepaythathisfamilyhadtoliveonwelfaremoney.他工资很少，他的家人不得不靠救济金生活。Itssuchagoodchancethatwemustntmissit.机会这样好，我们决不能失掉。,1.Itis_goodastorythatIllneverforgetit.2.Itis_agoodstorythatIllneverforgetit.,so,such,练一练,5.目的状语从句目的状语从句常由sothat,inorderthat等词引导，目的状语从句常用助动词may（might）,shall（should）,will（would）,can(could)。目的状语从句常放于主句之后，例：Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.你要讲得清楚，他们才听得懂。Hespokeslowlyinorderthateveryoneshouldunderstand.他讲得很慢以便人人能听懂。,Theysetoutearly_theymightarrivethereintime.Takeyourraincoat_itshouldrain.Theboyhidhimselfbehindthetree_hisfathershouldseehim.,sothat(inorderthat),incase,incase/forfearthat,练一练,4.Idliketoarrive20minutesearly_Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.A.assoonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothat5.Youdbettertakesomethingtoreadwhenyougotoseethedoctor_youhavetowait.A.evenifB.asifC.incaseD.inorderthat,6.条件状语从句条件状语从句表示条件，关联词常用if或unless,as(so)longas.if,once,as/solongas，asfaras，unless，onconditionthat，incase等。Ifitsnowstomorrow,wewillbuildasnowman.明天如果下雪，我们就堆雪人。Youllcatchacoldunlessyouputonyourcoat.你会感冒的除非你穿上大衣。Hewilldoanythingaslongasitisinteresting.只要有趣，他什么都愿意干。,1._youtouchanEnglishperson,youshouldsay“sorry”.2._theyaredirty,certainseasarenotabletocleanthemselves.3._wedontloseheart,wellfindawaytoovercomethedifficulty.4._Iknowyoushouldnthaveanyproblemthere.,If,Once,Aslongas,Asfaras,练一练,5.Youcanhavemybicycleforafewdays_youreturnitbySunday.6._anythingimportanthappens,pleasecallmeup.7._youhadonemilliondollars,whatwouldyoudo?8.Donttouchanything_yourteachertellsyouto.,onconditionthat,Incase,Suppose/Supposing,unless,7.让步状语从句让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管，即使”等概念，常用的关联词有：though,although,eventhough等。Thoughhewasill,hewasstillworking.他虽然有病，但仍然继续工作。Althoughitisdifficult,weshalldoit.此事虽难，但我们还是要做。Eventhoughyousayso,Idonotbelieveit.即使你这样说，我也不信。,此外，让步状语从句还可以用whether/nomatterwhether，whoever/nomatterwho，whatever/nomatterwhat，whenever/nomatterwhen等引导，意为“不管”,“无论”例如:Ithasthesameresult,whicheverwayyoudoit.Iwillgo,whetheryoucomewithmeorstayathome.,注：,though和although可以互换，只是although比较正式。though不可以与连词but连用，但可以与yet，still连用，例：Thoughheworkedhard,hecouldntpasstheexam.虽然他很努力，但还是没通过考试。,1._heisold,heworkshard.2._yousayso,Idontbelieveit.3.Smart_heis,hedoesntstudyhard.4.Theoldtowermustbesaved,_thecost.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wherever,Although/Though,Eventhough(evenif),as,练一练,8.比较状语从句,比较状语从句常用than或asas，themorethemore等引导。than表示两者的比较，asas表示程度相同的比较；Themorethemore表示”越越”。例：Thatbookismoreinterestingthanthisone.那本书比这本有趣。HerunsasfastasI（do）.他和我跑得一样快。ThemoreIseehim,thelessIlikehim.我越看他就越不喜欢。,1.Hedoesntworksohard_youdo.2.Themoreyouworry,_youllsucceed.3.Shedidworseinthetest_sheexpected.,as,theless,than,练一练,9.方式状语从句方式状语从句由as,asif,asthough等引导。例如:YoucandoitaswhatIjustdid.Icouldntmovedmylegs.Itwasasiftheywerestucktothefloor.Hesoundsasthoughhesgotasorethroat.,Youmusttrytodo_Idid.2.Theoldladytreatstheboy_hewereherson.,asif/though,as,练一练,注：1,比较状语从句后面的主语在口语中常用宾格。如果后面的句子主语为主格时，可以加助动词、情态动词等。HecanjumphigherthanIcan.他能比我跳得高。HecamelaterthanLiLeidid.他比李磊来得晚。,注：2,becauseof和because的区别becauseof后加名词代词或动名词，不加句子，而because加句子，例：Becauseofhisillness,hedidntgotowork.因为生病，他没上班。Becausehewasill,hedidntgotowork.,在条件和时间状语从句中，如果主句用将来时，从句常用一般现在时。Ifitdoesntrain,wellgofishing.明天不下雨我们就去钓鱼。Assoonashecomesback,Illlethimknowit.他一回来，我就让他知道这事。if构成条件从句时意为“如果”，可以放句首也可以放主句后；构成宾语从句时意为“是否”，一般放主句后。,例如:,Idontknowifhewillcometomorrow.（宾从）我不知道他明天是否来。Ifhecomes,Illtellyou.（Illtellyouifhecomes.）如果他来，我会告诉你。,【模拟试题】（答题时间：50分钟）,（）1.Didhetellyou_attheschoolgate?A.whohewaitedforB.whoishewaitingC.whodidhewaitforD.whohewaswaiting（）2.Doyouknow_?A.whoisheB.whatheisC.whatisheD.whoheis,A,D,（）3.Idontknow_.A.wheredoeshecomefromB.wherehedoescomefromC.wherehecomefromD.wherehecomesfrom（）4.Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_gettotheplane?Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.A.howcanweB.howwecanC.wherecanweD.wherewecan,D,B,（）5.Theteacheraskedthenewstudent_classhewasin.A.whichB.whereC.howD.when（）6.Doyouknow_afterschooleveryday?A.whatdoeshedoB.hedoeswhatC.whathedoesD.doeshedowhat,A,C,（）7.Haveyoudecided_withme?A.whowillyougoB.whowillgoC.whowentD.whodidyougo（）8.Heaskedme_.A.whodidkickthefirstgoalintheWorldCupB.whenwastheAPECmeetingheldC.whenChinabecameamemberoftheWTOD.wherewillthe2008Olympicbeheld,B,C,（）9.KatehasgonetoShanghaiandIdontknow_tomorrow.A.whenshecallsmeB.whenshewillcallmeC.whendoesshecallmeD.whenwillshecallme（）10.Wheredoeshecomefrom?Pardon?Iaskedwhere_.A.didhecomefromB.hecamefromC.hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom（）11.Ididntknow_atthemeetingyesterday.A.whattosayB.tosaywhatC.whytosayD.tosaywhy,B,A,B,（）12.Couldyoutellme_?A.whattimetheplaneleavesB.whattimetheplaneleaveC.whattimedidtheplaneleaveD.whattimewilltheplaneleave（）13.Doyouknow_sheknowsit?A.whatB.ifC.whenD.what（）14.Boysandgirls,didyouhear_Isaid?A.thatB.whatC.itD.those（）15.Youmustremember_.A.whatyourteachersaidB.whatdidyourteachersayC.yourteachersaidwhatD.whathasyourteachersaid,B,B,A,A,（）16.Iwatchedthatmanforalongtimeandwantedtoknow_.A.whetherIhaveseenhimbeforeB.whereIhadseenhimbeforeC.thatIhadseenhimbeforeD.whendidIseehim（）17.Doyouknow_?Sorry,Idontknow.Youmayaskthewomanoverthere.A.whentheshopopensB.whenistheshopopenC.whendoestheshopopenD.whenwilltheshopopen（）18.Doyouknowwhyshe_Mr.Wangtomorrow?Shehaschangedhermind.A.wontvisitB.didntvisitC.doesntvisitD.hasntvisit,A,A,B,（）19.Couldyoutellme_withthebrokenwindow?A.whatIshoulddoB.whatshouldIdoC.howtodD.howIshoulddo（）20.Doyouknow_?Theymovedheresoonaftertheirsonwasborn.A.whenwouldtheGreensmovehereB.whentheGreensmovedhereC.theGreenswouldmovehereD.whentheGreenswouldmovehere（）21.Idontknowwhenhe_backfromEngland.A.willcomeB.comeC.comesD.coming,B,A,A,（）22.Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?Hetoldmethathe_theDisneyWorldthenextday.A.willvisitB.hasvisitedC.isgoingtovisitD.wouldvisit（）23.Ifhe_hardernexttime,hewillcatchupwithus.A.workB.workedC.worksD.willwork（）24.IthinkWeiHuawillbeveryhappywhenshe_yourpresents.A.looksB.willlookC.receivesD.willreceive,C,C,D,（）25.Wellsetoutassoonasourmonitor_.A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.hascome（）26.Illgowithyouifit_finetomorrow.A.hasbeenB.isC.willbeD.be（）27.Illmeethimatthestationwhenhe_.A.willreturnB