Learningaboutlanguage

Learningaboutlanguage,becauseof因为，由于voyage航行，航海native本国的，本土的comeup（to)到(去）actually实际上，事实上base以基础atpresent目前gradually逐渐地rule统治Danish丹麦语vocabulary词汇,Review,makeuseof利用spelling拼写latter后者identity身份fluent流利的Singapore新加坡Malaysia马来西亚suchas比如,1.petrol2.voyage3.gradually4.frequently5.identity6.thelatter7.actually8.fluent,whoorwhatsomebodyorsomethingisawordforgasinBritishEnglish.notsuddeninfactthesecondoftwothingsorpeoplealreadymentionedoftenlongtripbyseaorinspaceabletospeakorwritealanguagewell,Matchthenewwordsandexpressionswiththeirmeanings,1,ItisnoteasyforaChinesepersontospeakEnglishas_asa_Englishspeaker.OnereasonisthatEnglishhasalarge_.ItalsohasdifferentusageindifferentEnglishspeakingcountries.Ifyousay“flatinsteadof“_”,peopleinAmericawillknowyouhavelearnedBritishEnglish.Ifyouusetheword_insteadof“liftinBritain,peoplewillknowyouhavestudiedAmericanEnglish.,CompletethispassagewiththewordsfromthewarmingupandReading.,vocabulary,apartment,elevator,fluently,native,2,Addthesephrasetotherhymesothatitmakessense.,suchasmakeuseofbecauseofcomeupatpresent,“Willyou_tomyflat?”askedthespidertothefly.“_itssopleasanttolookdownfromsohigh._theclearskyitspossibletoseeBuildings_theatresandhotelsbythesea.Sowontyouplease_thischancetolook?”Theflyagreedimmediatelywithoutasecondthought.Butassoonasshewentupwithastepsolightthatday,Thespidercaughtandateherandshewasseenagain!,comeup,Atpresent,Becauseof,suchas,makeuseof,3,SometimesBritishandAmericanpeopleusedifferentprepositionsforthesameidea.Chooseapairofprepositions.Thencomparethem.,at/onpast/afterin/onfrom/than,Therearesomanypeople_thestreet.Theyaregoingtoaparty_theweekend.Wewillleavefortheairportataquarter_five.,in/on,past/after,at/on,4,Hisbrotheris_themostfamousfootballteaminEngland.5.Asweknow,BritishEnglishisalittledifferent_AmericanEnglish.6.Aretheremanychildrenplaying_theplayground?,in/on,from/than,in/on,RequestsandCommands,Directspeech,Requests:Do.,please.Canyou.?Couldyou.?Willyou.?Wouldyou.?,Commands:Do.Dont.,Indirectspeech,Requests:AaskedBtodosth.AaskedBnottodosth.,Commands:Atold/orderedBtodosth.Atold/orderedBnottodosth.,CanyoufindthefollowingcommandandrequestfromReading?Letsseehowtoretelltheminindirectspeech.,EXAMPLES,“Lookatthisexample,”theteachersaidtous.Theteachertoldustolookatthatexample.“Wouldyouliketoseemyflat?”sheasked.Sheaskedmetoseeherflat.,1,Rulesandpracticeofdirectandindirectspeech,当直接引语为祈使句时，转换为间接引语要用一个带动词不定式的简单句表示：,祈使句,直引：主语+动词+“祈使句”间引：主语+动词+toVerbegTheteachersaidtome,“Comein.”-Theteachertoldmetogoin。Johnsaidtome,“Pleaseshutthewindow。”-Johnaskedmetoshutthewindow。Theteachersaidtome,“Dontbelateagain.”-Theteacheradvisedmenottobelateagain.,特别提醒,1.祈使句变为间接引语，主要使用动词不定式。2.谓语动词要做一定变化。表示命令，用tell，order，command等。表示请求，用ask，beg，request等。表示忠告，用advise。,Openthewindow.,Directspeech,Indirectspeech,MissHutold*toopenthewindow.,Willyoupleaseopenthewindow?,MissHuasked*toopenthewindow.,told,to,asked,to,Dontopenthewindow.,MissHutold*nottoopenthewindow.,not,“Writealettertoyourparents.”“Dontplaygamesintheclassroom.”“CanyoupassonthebooktoTom?”“Willyoupleasenotsmokehere?”,Theteachertoldmetowritealetter.,Theteacherorderedmenottoplaygames.,Theteacheraskedmetopasson,Theteacheraskedmenottosmokethere.,Trytodothis:,“Itisafineday.Letsgotothecountryforapicnic.”Petersaidtome.,Petersaidthatitwasafinedayandaskedmetogotothecountryforapicnicwithhim.,Petertoldmethatitwasafinedayandletusgotothecountryforapicnic.,感叹句,直引：主语+动词+“感叹句”间引：主语+动词+陈述句e.g.Hesaid,“whatafinedayitis!”Hesaid,“Howfinethedayis!”Hesaidwhatafinedayitwas.Hesaidhowfinethedaywas.Heexclaimedthatitwasafineday.,特别提醒,1.间接感叹句的动词应该是cry或exclaim。2.可以仍用what，how等词，语序不变，也可以用that从句，把动词say改为cry，shout，exclaim等。,1.HesaidtoTom,“Dontdotheworkanymore.”,HetoldTomnottodotheworkanymore.,Practice,2.Mrs.Greensaid,“Pleasesingusasong,MissWhite.”3.“Bequiet,children.”saidMrs.Wilson.,Mrs.GreenaskedMissWhitetosingthemasong.,Mrs.Wilsontoldthechildrentobequiet.,4.Allthepeoplecried,“Whatmagnificentclothestheseare!”,Allthepeoplecriedwhatmagnificentclothesthesewere.,SummaryofRequestsandCommands,Lendmeyourbook,please.Openthedoor,please.,Couldyouhelpmewithmywork?Wouldyoupleasecomebackontime?Willyougotherewithme?,Givemeyourmoney.Doitagain.,“Comeherequickly”.“Getupearly”.,Shetoldmetogotherequickly.Shetoldmetogetupearly.,“AaskedBnottodosomething”“AtoldBnottodosomething.”,“Willyoulendmesomemoney?”“Closethewindows,please”.,Sheaskedmetolendhersomemoney.Sheaskedmetoclosethewindows.,“AaskedBnottodosomething.”“AtoldBnottodosomething.”,InEnglishyouuseacommandorarequestwhenyouwantsomeonetodosomething.Pleaselookatthethreesentencesandtellthedifference.,Command,Request,Notpolite,Verypolite,Openthewindow,Pleaseopenthewindow.,Wouldyoupleaseopenthewindow?,2,LookattheseexpressionsandclassifythemintoCommandsandRequests.,Correctyourspellingmistakes.Please.CanIsithereandwaitforthedoctor?Howdoyouspellthatplease?Goand!Wouldyouplease?,Dothatnow!CanIplease?Holdthatelevator!Saythatagain!Wouldyoupleasespeakmoreslowly?Couldyourepeatthesentence?Goandbuysomemorepetrol!Takethedogforawalk!,Readthesesentencesanddecidewhichisacommandandwhichisarequest.Thenretelltheminindirectspeech.,Thechildrensaidtotheirteacher:“Wouldyoupleasesingasongforus?”Themothersaidtoherchild:“Turnofftheradio!”Thedentistsaidtoapatient:“Openyourmouthplease,soIcanseethebadtoothclearly.”,R,C,R,Thechildrenaskedtheirteachertosingasongforthem.,Themothertoldherchildtoturnofftheradio.,Thedentistaskedhis/herpatienttoopenhis/hermouthsothathe/shecouldseethebadtoothclearly.,3,Thesecretarysaidtothewomanonthephone:“Couldyouholdonforaminute?”Johnsaidtohisclassmate:“CanIborrowyourpenplease?”Theteachersaidtohisstudent:“Comeuptomyoffice!”,R,R,C,Thesecretaryaskedthewomanonthephonetoholdonforaminuteortwo.,Johnaskedhisclassmateifhecouldborrowhispen,Theteachertoldhis/herstudenttocomeuptohis/heroffice,Makesomedialoguesusingcommandsandrequestsandretelltheminindirectspeech.,Abearismovingtowardsaboy.Whatdoyousaytotheboytomakesurethatheisnothurt?AnEnglishteacheristellingherstudentswhattheymustdoforhomework.Astudentcannotheartheteacherveryclearly.Whatshouldhesaytohisclassmatetofindoutwhattodo?,4,S1:Standstill!Dontmove!S2:Whatsthematter?S1:Dontgetexcitedbuttheresabearbehindyou!S2:Ohhelp!WhatshouldIdo?S1:Staystillandthebearwillmoveaway.Yes,hesdoingthat.ItsOK.Youcanrelaxnow!,Simpledialogueforsituationone,Amansawabearcomingtowardsaboy.Hewantedtheboytostandstillandnotmove.Theboywaspuzzledandwonderedwhatwaswrong.Themantoldhimthatabearwascomingupbehindhimbutthathewasnottogetexcited.,Situationoneinindirectspeech,T:Nowlistentome.Thisisyourhomeworkfortonight.Iwouldbegratefulifyoubroughtittomeasfirstthingtomorrowmorning.S1:Whatsthatshesaid?Pleasehelpme.Icouldnthearherproperly.S2:Theteachersaidthatthiswasourhomeworkandwemustfinishbytomorrowmorning.S1:Thankyou.Icouldnthavemanagedwithoutyourhelp.,Simpledialogueforsituationtwo,Theteachergavetheclasssomehomeworkandaskedthemtogiveittoherthefollo