2015年职称英语考试综合类B级分类-小抄(包含所有题型-的重点篇目)剖析

10 Working Mothers Carefully conductedresearches that have followed the children of working mothers have not been able to show any long-term problems, compared with children whose mothers stayed at home. My personal view is that mothers should be allowed to work if they wish. Whether we like it or not, thereare a number of mothers who just have to work. There are those who have invested such a big part of their lives in establishinga career that they cannot afford to see it lost. Then there are many who must work out of pure economic necessity . Many mothers are not cut out to be full-time parents. After a few months at home with a much loved infan, they feel trapped and isolated. There are a number of options when it comes to choosing childcare. These range from child minders and nannies) through to Granny or the kind lady across the street. In reality , however,many parents dont have any choice; they have to accept anything they can get. Be prepared! No matter how good the childcare may be,some children are going to protestwildly if they are left. This is a perfectly normal stage of child development. Babies separate well in the first six months,but soon after that they start to get a crush on Mum and close family members . Make sure that in the first week you allow plenty of time to help your child settle in.All children are different. Some are independent, while others are more attached to their mothers. Remember that if you want to do the best for your children, its not the quantity of time you spend with them，its the quality that matters7 The Difference between Man and Computer What makes people different from computer programs? What is the missing elementthat our theories dont yet account for? The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories for a reason: to learn more about what they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand, dont. In fact, computers dont even have interests; there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computer program_ is to be a model of story understanding, it should also read for a purpose. Of course, people have several goals that do not make sense to attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide in order to satisfy hunger or entertainment(n. goals, or to find a good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do not get hungry, and computers do not have business lunches. However, these physiological(adj. and social goals give rise to several intellectual(adj or cognitivegoals. A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise togoals to find information about the name of a restaurant which serves the desired type of food, how expensive the restaurant is,the location of the restaurant, etc. These are goals to _ acquire information or knowledge, what we are calling learning _ goals. These goals can be held by computers too; a computer might_ want to find out the location of a restaurant, and read a guide in order to do so in the same way as a person might. While such a goal would not arise out of hunger in the case of the computer, it might well arise out of the goal to learn more about restaurants.9 The First Bicycle The history of the bicycle goes back more than 200 years. In 1791, Count de Sivrac delighted onlookersin a park in Paris as he showed off his two-wheeled invention, a machine called the celerifer. It was basically an enlarged version of a childrens toy which had been in use for many years. Sivracs celerifer had a wooden frame, made in the shape of a horse, which was mounted on a wheel at either endTo ride it, you sat on a small seat, just like a modem bicycle,and pushed hard against the ground with your legsthere were no pedals. It was impossible to steera celerifer and it had no brakesbut despite these problems the invention very much appealed to the fashionable young men of Paris. Soon they were holding races up and down the streets. Minor injuries were common as riders attempted a final burs of speed . Controlling the machine was difficult, as the only way to change direction was to pull up the front of the celerifer and turn it round while the front wheel was spinning in the air. Celerifers were not popular for long,however,as the combination of no springs(, no steering and rough roads made riding them very uncomfortable. Even so,the wooden celerifer was the origin of the modem bicycle.24 The Romance of Arthur1. King Arthurs famer was D. Uther Pendragon2. The writer seems to feel thatthe truth about Arthur isthat he A. existed综合群385443. The information in the second paragraph is mostly presented in C. order from earliest to latest4. In the last paragraph the word “exhumed” means A. dug up from the grave5. Another good title for thispassage would beC. Real or Legend?29 Ill Be Bach 1. The music composed by David cope is about classicamusic. A Classical music 2. By developing a computer software,David Cope aimed C to write an opera. 3. What did Cope realize about a great composersbrain? D It creates an accurate database.4. Who is Emmy? B a computer software5. We can infer from the passage that D Emmy did much more work than a composer.19The Family 1. Another good title for this passage would be A) What Makes a Family?2. A nuclear family is defined as A) a married couple with their minor children3. The information in this passage would most likely be found in .A) an anthropology textbook4. The information in the first paragraph is presented mainly through C) pointing out similarities 5. The word mobility meansB) readiness to move 20 Tales of the Terrible Past 1. This passage is mostly aboutD) two novels that deal with slavery2. Beloved is set C) in Ohio after the Civil War3. The writer seems to feel that B) the books are worthwhile but challenging4. The writer emphasizes that the two books are similar in thei D) portrayal of violence5. The word appalling means A) terrible 23 The Only Way Is Up 1. these are cities concerned with the past in the first paragraph refer to cities thatC) want to maintain their traditional image.2. The difficulty in constructing tall buildings in the 19th century lies inB) the lack of a device to carry people upward.3. When Otis came up with the idea of a lift,D) most people had doubt about its safety.4. Which of the following best describes the experience of going in a lift now?B) Uninteresting.5. Psychologists find the lift a good place where they can study human behaviour becauseD) in a lift the bubble of personal space breaks.26 Seeing the World Centuries Ago 1. This passage is mostly abou C) where three early travel writers went and wrote about2.IbnBattutah traveled C) throughout the Muslim word3. The books bf the three writers were popular becauseB) they told of strange and exotic locales4. The overall organization of this passage is throughA) chronological order 5. In this passage attest means to D) give proof of 27 Importance of Services 1. The first paragraph intends to tell us thatB. services are important. 2. Between 1966 and 1986, the United States created aboutA. 32.4 million service jobs. 3. Many economists, business and labor leaders and politicians believe thatA. most of the explosive growth in service employment is not in low-paying jobs.4. The importance of services can be shownC. by money spent on business services as well as on consumer services.5. What does the writer of this passage disapprove of regarding services now?C. Their prices. 7 Moderate Earthquake Strikes England1During the April 28 earthquake, the whole England was left without power. BWrong 2The Channel Tunnel was closed for 10 hours after the earthquake occurred. CNot mentioned3It was reported that one lady had got her head and neck injured, but not seriously. A Right 4France and several other European countries sent their medical teams to work side by side with the British doctors.CNot mentioned5The countrys strongest earthquake took place in London in 1580. BWrong 6Musson predicted that another earthquake would occur in southeast England sooner or later. ARight 7It can be inferred from the passage that England is rarely hit by high magnitude earthquakes. ARight 9 WhatIs a Dream?1.Not everyone agrees that dreams are meaningful.ARight2.According to Freud, people dream about things that they cannot talkabout. ARight3.Jung believed that dreams did not help one to understand oneself. BWrong 4.In the past, people believed that dreams involved emotions. CNot mentioned5.According to Domhoff, babies do not have the same ability to dreamas adults do.ARight6.Men and women dream about different things.ARight7.Scientists agree that dreams predict the future.BWrong 4 The First Four Minutes1A.In reply, Dr. Zunin would claim that a little practice can help us feel comfortable about changing our social habits.2B.Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to4 relationships with family members and friends.3C.In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people.4D.Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes.5E.He keeps looking over the other persons shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room.6F.He is eager to make friends with everyone. 6Mobile Phones1C“If mobile phones are found to be dangerous, they should carry a warning label until proper shields can be devised,” he said.2BBy the year 20004 it is estimated that Australia will have 8 million mobile phones ：nearly one for every two people.3EFor example, Telstra, Optus and Vodaphone build their towers where it is geographically suitable to them and disregard the need of the community.4AHe says there is emerging evidence that children absorb low-level radiation at a rate more than three times that of adults6.5DThen who finances the research?7The Worlds Longest Bridge1C If true, one day you might spy the beast while zipping )across the Messina Strait Bridge.2B What do the worlds longest bridges have in common?E The second job will be to pull two sets of steel cables across the strait, each set being a bundle of 44,352 individual steel wires.3F They will tip up the scales at 166,500 tons more than half the bridges total mass.4D Theyre what will keep the bridge from going anywhere.9 Style,Not Fashion1A.It is a way of capturing something vibrant,making a statement about ourselves in clothes.2B.Fashion is part of sty1e.3C.Rather, you focus on what is personallysuitable and expressive.4D.You cant have style until you have a senseof who you are.5E.They create a unique identity for themselvesand express it through grooming and a few well-chosen clothes.6F.People want to be themselves and to be seenas themselves.10 Ants as a Barometer of Ecological Change1F Others will die out for lack of food.2D They do this by sorting the ants, counting their numbers and comparing the results with those of earlier surveys.3A This allowed sci