英语状语从句总结ppt课件.ppt

状语从句,1,什么是状语？作用：修饰形、副、动及相应短语或句子。常用词类：副、介短、分词、不定式、从句,HespeaksEnglishverywell.他英语说得非常好Heisplayingunderthetree.他在树下玩儿Icomespeciallytoseeyou.我专门来看你.,副词做程度状语,介词短语做地点状语,动词不定式做目的状语,2,什么是状语从句？（由句子充当状语成分）,时间,IcanlearnwhileIwork.我可以在工作中学习。,地点,Wellgowhereverthecountrywantsusto.祖国要我们去哪我们就去哪。,条件,Ifyoukeepontrying,youllsucceed.,让步,Althoughitsdifficult,welldoit.,原因,Ashewasntreadyintime,wewentwithouthim.因我被你们及时准备好，我们没等他就走了。,目的,Hegotupearlysothathemightcatchthetrain.,结果程度,Hegotupearlysothathecaughtthetrain.他起得早，所以赶上了火车。,方式,StudyasMarxstudied.象马克思那样学习。,比较,Aharecanwalkfasterthanatortoiseruns.,3,1.if如果2.unless如果不=ifnot3.suppose/supposingthat假如4.aslongas只要就=onlyif5.onconditionthat在条件下=onlyif6.once一旦7.incasethat如果万一8.onlyif只要/ifonly要是该多好。,之七：条件状语从句,4,If引导的从句,重点,5,Ajoke,Amanlikedagirlverymuchandaskedifthegirlcouldmarryhim.Butthegirldidntagree.Shesaid,“evenif（即使）thereisonlyonemanleft,Iwontmarryyou.”,6,If引导宾语从句,7,If引导的宾语从句Iwanttoknowif/whethershe/hehasadream.(是否)Iaskedher/himif/whethershe/hehadadream.(是否),主现从任主过从过（客观真理除外）,8,If引导条件状语从句,9,if引导的条件状语从句,主将,主祈,主情,IwillsingasongifIamhappy.,主句,从句,Dontcrosstheroadifthelightisred.,Youmuststopifthetrafficlightisred.,从现,10,用所给词的适当形式填空1.Ifyou_(feel)tired,you_(have)tohavearest.2.Where_he_(see)thefilmifhe_(have)time?3.Ifthere_(be)fewertrees,there_(be)morepollution.4.He_(dress)morecasuallyifhe_(notwork)onweekends.,feel,willhave,will,see,has,are,willbe,willdress,doesntwork,11,Part1:If的用法,1.Iwanttoknowifhewillgotoaparkwithus.,2.Wewillhaveapicnicifitdoesntrain.,3.Canyoutellmeiftherewillbeaconcerttomorrow?,4.Ifyoufeeltired,youmusthavearest.,宾语从句,条件状语从句,条件状语从句,宾语从句,是否,如果,12,Doyouknowif_backnextweek?Ifhe_back,pleaseletmeknow.A.hecomes,willcomeB.willhecome,comesC.hewillcome,comesD.hewillcome,willcome,连词if和when在不同从句中的区别：,C,条件状语从句：主将/主祈/主情从现宾语从句：主现从任、主过从过,如果,是否,13,连词if和when在不同从句中的区别：,Idontknowwhenhe_(come).Icantwaithereanymore.Whenhe_(come),wouldyoupleaseaskhimtocallme?,willcome,comes,时间状语从句：主将/主祈/主情从现宾语从句：主现从任、主过从过,当时,什么时候,14,Part2:Unless的用法,Youwillfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier.,Ifyoudontstartearlier,youwillfailtoarrivethereintime.,unless=if.not除非,若不,除非在的时候,15,Youwillnotsucceedunlessyouworkhard.=Ifyoudontworkhard,youwillnotsucceed.=workhard,oryouwillnotsucceed.(fail)=workhard,andyouwillsucceed.,16,1.when/as/while在时2.whenever(everytime,eachtime)每当3.assoonas(themoment,immediately)一就4.before,after5.till,until直到为止（句首只用until)6.hardlywhen/nosoonerthan一就,之八：时间状语从句,17,一、when和延续性、短暂动词连用，而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。WhenwearrivedinBeijing,itwasraining.(arrive短)我们到达北京时，天正在下雨。二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。1从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用when。Whenhehadfinishedhishomework，hetookashortrest（finished先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。2主从句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。WhenWhileAsweweredancing，astrangercamein（dance为延续性动词）当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。3只能用as：表示“随着?”；“一边?，一边?”之意。Thelittlegirlssangastheywent小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。4在将来时从句中，常用when，且从句须用一般时代替将来时。5.在用when和while连接的从句中，常省略与主句相同的主语和相应的be，而在as连接的从句中一般则不省略。Hefellasleepwhile(hewas)studyinghisgrammarbook.他在阅读语法书的时候睡着了。6.when这时(突然)”while“而”可用作并列连词，as没有这种用法。Helikescoffee,whileshelikestea.他喜欢咖啡，而她却喜欢茶。,18,注意过去进行时在主句中还是从句中was/were+doing,八下课本中的例句Hewasreadinginthelibrarywhentherainstormcame.Whileyouweresleeping,IcalledJenny.WhileLindawassleeping,JennywashelpingMarywithherhomework.,19,之一：地点状语从句简单了解，记住引导词的意思,where(在地方）wherever(无论什么地方）everywhere(每一地方）,Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.你从哪里来就回到哪里去。,Sitwhereveryoulike.你随便爱坐哪里坐在哪里。,Everywheretheywent,theywerewarmlyreceived.他们所到之处，都受到热烈欢迎。,注：where有时引导一个含“条件”意义的从句Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。,20,1.Though/although虽然2.Evenif/eventhough即使3.nomatterwhat(which,who,whose,when,how,)=whatever(whichever)无论什么（无论哪一个，无论谁，无论谁的，无论什么时候，无论怎样）注意：(了解）Nomatterwhereyougo,Illbewithyou.无论你去哪里，我都要与你在一起。Wherever引导地点状语从句，侧重陈述事实及发生的地方，引导让步状语从句，侧重假设条件。4.whether/nomatterwhether无论可与or/ornot搭配Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.无论你信不信，这总是事实。,之二：让步状语从句简单了解，记住引导词的意思,类似条件状语从句,21,1.because,since，as“因为，由于”2.了解一下now(that)/seeing(that)/considering(that)/inthat“鉴于、由于”,之三：原因状语从句简单了解，记住引导词的意思,because:语气最强（重心）回答why的问句since:稍弱（既然）表已知或很明显的理由（附带),大多放句首as:更弱，多用于口语，大多放句首，对主句加以说明。,for也可引导表原因的句子（并列分句）表示补充说明的理由，加上的话能更增加说话的可信度。常用于句中，前面用逗号和主句分开。,22,1.sothat/so/that/inorderthat“以便，为了”从句中常含有may/might/can/could/should等情态动词。Hecameinquietlyinorderthatheshouldntwakeuphiswife.除inorderthat可置句首外，通常在主句后。2.forfearthat/incasethat/lest“恐防，以免”从句谓动用should+v或一现（一过）Sheexplainedagainandagainincaseweshouldmisunderstandher.她再三解释，生怕我们误解她。,之四：目的状语从句简单了解，记住引导词的意思,23,1.sothat/so/that可引导程度结果状语从句（前有逗号）Hestartedearly,sothathecaughtthebus.(程度结果）hestartedearlysothathecouldcatchthebus.(目的）2.sothat/suchthat如此以致于Sothat中间是adj/advSuchthat中间是n名词前有manymuchfewlittle时用soSuch+a/an+adj+单名=so+adj+a/an+单名Hetoldussuchafunnystorythatwealllaughed.Hetoldussofunnyastorythatwealllaughed.,之五：结果程度状语从句简单了解，记住引导词的意思,24,1.as“如那样”“象那样”=inthewaythatDoasIdo.我怎么干，你就怎么干。2.asif/asthough“好象，仿佛”,之六：方式状语从句简单了解，记住引导词的意思,25,连词有：1.asas,与一样2.notas/soas,不如，与不一样3.than,比4.the,the越就越5.比+and+比越来越6.AistoBwhat/asCistoD.A对B就像C像D一样。,之七：比较状语从句简单了解，记住引导词的意思,26,不能连用的成对词,though(but)虽然但是because(so)因为所以as(so)因为所以unless(otherwise)除非否则,thoughbecauseas等引导的是状语从句butso等连接的是并列分句,27,省略：,1.省略与主句相同的内容HeistallerthanI.他比我高。（省略