long-days-journey-into-night.ppt

LongDaysJourneyintoNight,byEugeneOneill,EugeneONeill,EugeneGladstoneONeill(16October188827November1953)wasanAmericanplaywright,andNobellaureateinLiterature.Nearlyallofhisotherplaysinvolvesomedegreeoftragedyandpersonalpessimism.,AmericasgreatestplaywrightAmericanShakespeare4timesPulitzerPrizewinner(1920;1922;1928;1957)onetimewontheNobelPrize(1936)BeyondtheHorizon-thePulitzerPrizein1920(realitydestroypeoplesideallife)AnnaChristiethePulitzerPrizein1922theNobelPrizein1936fortheabovetwoLongDaysJourneyintoNight-thePulitzerPrizein1957,AuthorBiography,1traveledaroundwithhisfathersgroup2wenttoseaandvoyagedtoSouthAmericaandSouthAfrica3backinAmerica-madefriendswiththelowestofsocietyandgottoknowlifebetter,AuthorBiography,4senttoasanitariumbecauseoftuberculosisinthewinterof1912-13,andhadleisuretoreadandmeditate5joined47WorkshopatHarvardtolearntowriterbetterin1914,AuthorBiography,6livedinGreenwichVillage,NewYorkandbegantowrite7firstone-actplayBoundEastforCardiffperformedinthesummerof1916;BeyondtheHorizonin19208stayedonBroadwayforthenext14yearswithaseriesoftheatricaltriumphs,AuthorBiography,9aperiodofsilencebetween1934and1946duetoillhealth10beganhislastandbestphaseofhisgreatcareer,MajorWorks,EarlyPhaseBoundEastforCardiff(1916)IntheZone(1917)在这一带TheLongVoyageHome(1917)漫长的返航TheMoonoftheCaribbean(1918)加勒比的月亮,MajorWorks,SecondPhaseTheEmperorJones(1920)琼斯皇帝AnnaChristie(1921)安娜.克里斯蒂TheHairyApe(1922)毛猿DesireundertheElms(1924)榆树下的欲望,MajorWorks,SecondPhase(2)StrangeInterlude(1928)奇妙的插曲MourningBecomesElectra(1931)悲悼Ah,Wilderness(1933)(theonlycomedy)啊，荒野,MajorWorks,LastandBestPhaseTheIcemanCometh(1946)卖冰的人来了LongDaysJourneyintoNight(1956)AMoonfortheMisbegotten(1957)ATouchofthePoet(1958),Words,mortgagewrylyheedfurtiveantagonismflounderrove,topledgeassecurityfortherepaymentofaloaninamannerofslightlymockingtopaycloseattentionto(ofapersonorhisbehavior)slyorsecretopenlyexpressedandusuallymutualoppositiontobehaveawkwardlytowanderaboutwithnofixeddirection,PlotSummary,LongDaysJourneyintoNightissetinthelivingroomoftheTyronesshorelinesummerhomeinNewLondon,Connecticut,inAugustof1912.Theplaybeginsinthemorningandendslateatnightonthesameday.,PlotSummary,Theworkisdividedintofouracts.Itlargelyconsistsofpainfuldisclosuresandhostileexchangesamongthefourfamilymembers,asmajorcrisesmountandfinallyswallowupthefamilyindespair.OfcentralconcernareMarysgoingbacktomorphineaddiction,Jamiescontinueddescendingintoirreversibledissipation,andEdmundsdiscoverythathehastuberculosisandmustenterasanatorium.,EdmundTyrone,Edmund,theyoungestsonofJamesandMaryTyrone,sharessomeofhismothersnervousness,evidentinhishands.Afledglingjournalist,heisalsoapoet.Beingillwithtuberculosis,heismoreofanintellectualthanhisbrotherandquicklybecomingbetterread,buthealsohasamorbidviewoflifethathisfatherfindsdeeplydistressing.HehasaspecialbondwithJamie,forwhomhehasagreataffection.,JamesTyrone,Thesixty-fiveyearoldfamilypatriarch,JamesTyroneisafinanciallysuccessfulandhandsomeactorHisresultingfearofpovertyhasturnedhimintoamanobsessedwithmoneyandowningproperty,alwayslookingforbargains,evenattheexpenseofhisfamilyshealth.,JamesTyrone,Thoughsnobbish,hetakessomeprideinhispowerful,resonantvoiceandhiscommandoflanguage.Hiswifesmorphineaddictionandhissonswastefulliveshavemadehimbothresentfulandangry.Heisneverabletoescapetheaccusationofhissons,whoholdhimpartlyresponsiblefortheirmothersdrugaddiction.,JamesTyrone,Jr.,TheoldestsonofJamesandMaryTyrone,Jamie,atthirty-three,showsthephysicalsignsofhisdissipation.Heisanunapologeticdrunk,withahistoryoffailingatmosteverythinghehastried.Heisalsoawomanizer,spendingmuchofhistimehauntingsaloonsandbrothels.Afflictedwithaacidcynicismandsneeringmanner,hemockshisfatherateveryturn,blamingTyronesmiserlywaysformostofthefamilyproblems.,JamesTyrone,Jr.,ThoughprotectivetowardsEdmund,headmitstoadesiretocorrupthim,toshapehisbrotherinhisownimage,andheknowswhy.HisbelovedmothersuseofmorphinehadbegunafterbearingEdmund,andapartofJamiehateshisbrotherasthesourceofherpain.ForTyrone,Jamieisnothingbutafree-loading,ungratefulbum.,MaryTyrone,Mary,wifetoJamesTyrone,atfifty-four,isseveralyearsyoungerthanherhusband.Shehasbeenaddictedtomorphineforseveralyears,andhasbeeninoutofsanitariums,desperatelytryingtogetfreeofherdependency.Undertheinfluenceofthedrug,sheescapesintoanidealizedversionofhergirlhoodataconventschool,withdreamsofbecominganunoraconcertpianist.,MaryTyrone,Shefindstherealworldlonelyanddepressing,offeringlittlehopeorjoy.Shecannotdealwithunpleasanttruths;forexample,thathersonEdmundmightbesufferingfromsomethingmoreseriousthanacold.Still,sheretainsthe“unaffectedcharm”and“innateunworldlyinnocence”ofheryouth,explainingherfamilysprotectiveloyaltyandloveandcrushingdisappointmentwhensheoncemorefallsvictimtoheraddiction.,Themes,AlienationandLonelinessDeceptionGuiltandInnocenceMemoryandReminiscenceMoralCorruption,AlienationandLoneliness,MostestrangedandalienatedofallisMary.Herstrugglewithheraddictionisdesperatelylonely,mostofthetimebeyondtheothersunderstandingorsympathy.Shetalksatlengthofherisolation,placingmuchblameonTyronefortheitinerantlifehisactingcareerimposedonthem.Undertheinfluenceofmorphine,Marydriftsintoheridealizedpast,cutofffromthepainofhercurrentlife.,Deception,Deceptivemasksarewornearlyintheplayinanefforttoevadeunpleasanttruths.TheothermembersofthefamilytrytokeepMaryfromknowingthatEdmundisseriouslyill,andMaryobviouslyattemptstodeceiveherselfwiththecomfortingbeliefthatEdmundisonlysufferingfrom“asummercold.”Maryalsoattemptstohideherrelapseintodrugusewithpatheticexcusesthatsimplydeepenthefamilysdisappointment.,GuiltandInnocence,Marysillusory,drug-inducedescapeintoheryouthispartlyaflightfromguiltintoarestoredinnocenceandrediscoveredfaith.Intheirownways,theotherTyronestrytounburdenthemselvesofguiltandshame,eitherthroughexpiation,asseeninJamiesadmissionofhisjealousyofEdmund,orinpleasforunderstanding,asseeninTyronesattemptstoblamehisselfishpennypinchingonhisearlypoverty.Theplaystragicthemeisthatinnocencecannotberestored;eachcharactermustbearsomeguiltandpain,eventothegravesedge.,MemoryandReminiscence,Mar