高中英语主谓一致教学课件(1).ppt

主谓一致谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数一致,这就叫主谓一致.,IamateacherSheoftendoesherhomeworkinthemorning.Thereisonlyoneboxonthetable.Thereare50studentsinourclass.,但是如果主语不是单一的，或主语名词的数比较特殊时，其主谓一致一般要根据语法一致（从前原则）意义一致就近原则,(一).就前一致:(即谓语动词与前面的中心词一致)名词A+名词B这样的结构做主语，谓语动词仅与A一致。1.Mary,togetherwithherparents,_(去过)theSummerPalacetwice.2.Theteacheraswellasherstudents_fondofpopularmusicverymuch.3.AllbutTom_(know)thetruthsofar.,with;togetherwith;alongwithbut;except;besidesincluding;aswellas;inadditiontonot;ratherthan;like.,hasbeento,-,is,-,haveknown,-,4.He,ratherthanyou,_(应受责备)(二).就后一致:(即谓语动词与后面的中心词一致)+名词作主语时，谓语动词取决于后面名词的数1.Onethirdofthestudentsinourclass_girls.2.Seventypercentofthesurfaceoftheearth_coveredwith/bywater.,分数+of;百分数+ofsomeof;partof;halfof;mostof;therestof;.,istoblame,-,are,-,is,-,-,3.Halfoftheproject_(complete)inthepasttwomonths.4.Somestudentsarestudyingintheclassroom,whiletherest_enjoyingtheperformances.(三)就近一致：连接的词作主语，谓语动词与最邻近的主语一致,oreitherorneither.nornotonlybut(also)notbutTherebe,hasbeencompleted,-,are,1._youorhetoattendtomorrowsmeeting?2.Eitheryouorhe_mistaken.3.NeitherMarynorherparents_inforrockmusic.4.There_apenandsomebooksonthetable.,Are,is,go,is,5.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be6.There_inthisroom.a.aretoomuchfurnitureb.istoomanyfurnituresc.aretoomuchfurnituresd.istoomuchfurniture,7.NeitherTomnorhisparents_athome.a.isb.arec.hasd.was8.Eitherthedeanortheprincipal_themeeting.attendsattendc.areattendingd.haveattended,9._waswrong.a.Nottheteacherbutthestudentsb.Boththestudentsandtheteacherc.Neithertheteachernotthestudentsd.Notthestudentsbuttheteacher10.HedidntsaywhethersomeEnglishnovelsoranEnglishdictionary_wanted.A.areB.isC.wasD.were,有togetherwith,with,aswellas,but,except,besides,ratherthan,including,along,alongwith,like.连接并列主语时,采取从前原则.,1)They,togetherwithTom,_goingtoswimthisafternoon.(be)2)Noonebutyourparents_therethen.(be)3)He,likeyouandyourbrother,_veryclever.(be)4)Theteacher,includinghisstudents,_goingtoseeProfessorTell.(be)5)Mary,togetherwithhissisters_goneback.(have),are,was,is,is,has,1.Anexpert,togetherwithsomeassistants,_tohelpinthiswork.A.wassentB.weresentC.issendingD.aresending2._eitherheorIfitforthejob?Neitherhenoryou_.A.Am;areB.Is;areC.Are;areD.Is;is,3.Nothingbutcars_intheshop.A.issoldB.aresoldC.weresoldD.aregoingtosell4.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.haveofferedC.areofferedD.hasoffered,由and或both-and连接主语，谓语动词用复数。,1.Apoetandanovelisthavevisitedourschool.2.WuDongandWuXi_twinbrother.(be),are,1.Thesingerandthedancer_cometothemeeting.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is2.ThesecretaryofthePartybranchandthedirectorofthatfactoryoften_withtheworkers.A.worksB.workC.isworkingD.areworking,如果and连接的两个词是指同一个人，同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语用单数。,Eg:1）Theteacherandwriterisherfriend.2)Butterandbreadisherfavoritefood.3)Ajournalistandauthor_(live)inthehouse4)Thedoctorandprofessor_(be)comingatonce.,lives,is,1.TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitor_askedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting.A.beB.wasC.areD.were2.Wiskyandsoda_hisfavoritedrink.isb.arec.wered.havebeen,everyand(every);eachand(each);noand(no);manyaand(manya)连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,1.Everydeskandeverychair_madeofwood.(be)2.Manyaboyandgirl_madethesamemistake.(have)3.Noboyandnogirl_(be)intheclassroom.4.Manyastudent_(like)popsongs.,is,has,is,likes,1.Eachmanandwoman_thesamerights.hasb.havec.hadd.ishaving2.Manyastudent_theimportanceoflearningaforeignlanguage.a.haverealizedb.hasrealizedc.havebeenrealizedd.hasbeenrealized,3.Nochairandnodesk_permittedtobetakenawayfromthereadingroom.areB.wereC.isD.be,4.Everyman,womanandchild_somehistory,enoughatleast,tosurviveintheworld.knowsb.knowc.isknownd.areknown,some(of),plentyof,alotof,most(of),therestof,all(of),half(of),part(of),themajorityof,分数或百分数+of+名词等短语作主语时，谓语动词与of后的名词或者和其替代的名词保持数的一致。,1)Alotofstudents_waitingoutside.(be)2)Morethan70percentofthesurface_(be)coveredbywater.3)Therestofthemoney_(belong)toyou.,are/were,is,belongs,1._ofthelandinthatdistrict_coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth,isB.Twofifth,areC.Twofifths,isD.Twofifths,are2.Ihavefinishedalargepartofthebook;therest_moredifficult.A.isB.areC.wasD.were,3.Mostofhissavings_intheXinHuaBank.hasbeenkeptb.isbeingkeptc.havekeptd.havebeenkept4.Themajorityofthedamage_easytorepair.isb.arec.wered.be,5.Themajorityofdoctors_smokingisharmfultohealth.arebelievedb.hadbelievedc.hasbelievedd.believe6.Three-fourthsofthebuildings_.wasdestroyedb.isdestroyedc.weredestroyedd.hasbeendestroyed,none有时作单数看待，有时作复数看,eg.Noneofthebooksareeasyenoughforus.Noneofushasacamera.Noneofthemoneyispaidtome.,one/everyone/each/either/neither/theother/anotheranybody/anyone/anything/somebody/someone/something/everybody/everyone/everything/nobody/noone/nothing/thenumber+of+复数名词作主语或是独立充当主语时，谓语动词用单数。,Eachofthestudentshasabook.Neitherofthemhastoldme.Eitheroftheanswersisright.,1.Theyeach_anewdictionary.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are2.Eachofyou_responsiblefortheaccident.a.amb.bec.isd.are,3.Eachofthestudentsinourclass_greatinterestinEnglishandtheyeach_acopyofNewEnglish-ChineseDictionary.A.shows；haveB.have；hasC.is；haveD.takes；has4.Thetwosistersareforcedtoplaythepiano.Infact，neitherofthem_toplayit.A.likeB.likedC.likesD.liking,5.Nobodybuthisfamily_thesecret.knowB.areknownC.haveknownD.knew,表示时间，数目，距离，价格，度量衡等名词的复数作主语，并作为整体看待时，谓语动词用单数。,1)Fourhoursisenoughtodotheexperiment.2)Tendollarsistoomuchtopayforthatshirt.3)Thirtyfeetislongenough.,1.“_twentydollarsabigsumtoher?”“Isupposeso.”Willbeb.Isc.Ared.Were2.Threehours_enoughforustofinishthetask.a.areb.hasc.isd.were,算术中的动词单复数都可以,多用单数。,Twoandtwomakes/makefour.Threetimesthreeisnine.,集合名词class,family,army,enemy,team,group,government,staff,audience,crowd,public,committee等作主语时，若强调整体，谓语用单数，若表示组成该集体的成员，谓语用复数。,Eg:1)beMyfamily_verylarge.Hisfamily_waitingforhim.2)be/haveTheclass_madeupof54students.Alltheclass_gonetotheplayground.,is,are/were,is,have,1.Thecommittee_overtheproblemamongthemselvesfortwohours.hasarguedb.hasbeenarguingc.havearguedd.havebeenarguing2.Thepublic_generousintheircontributionstotheearthquakevictims.isb.wasc.ared.hasbeen,3.Hisfamily_alwaysquarrellingamong_.A.is；itselfB.are；themselvesC.is；themselvesD.are；itself,有些名词本身表示复数概念，其谓语动词用复数形式，如people,police,cattle,goods,youth,clothes等。,Eg:1)Thepolice_afterathief.2)Cattle_ongrass.(feed)3)Allthegoods_arrived.(have),are,feed,have,“定冠词+adj/分词”表示一类具体的人或物时，谓语一般用复数,1)Theold_takengoodcareofhere.(be)4)Therich_(be)fortheplan,butthepooragainstit.,are,are,are,1.Thewounded_bythehospital.A.havebeentakeninB.hasbeentakeninC.havetakeninD.hastakenin2.Inthatcountry,therich_richer,thepoor,poorer.a.becomeb.hasbecomec.becomesd.isbecoming,what,who,which,any(of),more,most,all(of),half(of),part(of)等代词作主语，谓语可以是单数，也可以是复数，主要看它们指代的是什么来决定。,1)Whichisyourroom?2)Whichareyourrooms?3)Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.4)Alloftheworkersareskilled.5)Amanwhothinksonlyhimselfcanneverbehappy.6)Heisnotoneofthosewhobowbeforedifficulties.,一个不定式，动名词，从句作主语时，谓语要用单数形式。两个或两个以上的不定式，动名词或是从句做主语时,谓语用复数。但是如同这两个结构指一个概念，仍然用单数。,2主语是“aseriesof，akindof等名词”结构时，谓语动词用单数。“kindsof等名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。注意：在“thiskindof名词”之后，无论这里的名词是单数还是复数，谓语都用单数。,这样考过(江西景德镇一中)Sofaraseriesofproblems_broughtaboutbythisdecision.AhaveBhasChasbeenDhavebeen答案：C,还可能这样考Manykindsoffurniture_beingtransportedfromBeijingtoTianjin.AisBareCHavingDwas解析：manykindsoffurniture的中心词为of结构前面的kinds，且此句宜用现在进行时的被动语态，故选B。答案：B,Machinesofthenewtype_madeinShanghai.AisBareChasbeenDhavebeen解析：本题应以of结构前面的词为主语，machines为复数形式，而且本句用一般现在时为最佳时态，故选B。答案：B,5定语从句的谓语的单复数应取决于先行词。注意：在“oneof名词复数”后面定语从句谓语动词用复数，但如果“oneof名词复数”之前有theonly，thevery，thelast修饰时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。,这样考过(陕西西安铁一中)Jack，aswellashisfriendswho_footballgames，_traveledwiththeteam.Alikes;hasBlikes;haveClike;hasDlike;have答案：C,(2007合肥)Manystandardizedtestsinourlifeturnedouttobesimple，_beyondexpectations.AwhichwasBtheyareCwhichwereDitis解析：考查定语从句和主谓一致。这里用which引导非限制性定语从句，连词指代主句内容，表示单数含义，因此选A。答案：A,(2)oneandahalf修饰名词复数作主语，谓语用单数，主语是“oneortwo复数名词”，其谓语用复数形式。可能这样考Oneandahalfbananas_leftonthetable.AisBareChasDhave解析：题意为：桌上剩下一个半香蕉。oneandahalf后虽然跟复数名词，但整个短语作主语时，谓语用单数形式。答案：A,2“anumberof名词复数”作主语，谓语用复数；“thenumberof名词复数”作主语，谓语用单数。这样考过,(2006南通)Thenumberofpeoplehurtinthetrafficaccident_to95，thenewsagencyreports.A.hasincreasedB.haveincreasedC.hasbeenincreasedD.havebeenincreased解析：主语是数量(thenumber)，故谓语动词用单数形式，increase表示“数量的增大”时，用主动语态。答案：A,(广东深圳中学)_childrenwhoseparentshaddiedintheearthquake_senttolivewithfamiliesinothercities.AAgreatnumberof;wasBAgreatnumberof;wereCThegreatnumberof;wasDThegreatnumberof;were答案：B,Readingisagoodway.Tosayitisonething,todoitisanother.Whathesaysandwhathedoesdonotagree.Earlytogotobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthy,wealthyandwise.,1.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory_yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided2.Whatcausedtheaccident_ontheroad.werestoneb.werestonesc.wasstoned.wasstones,3.Gettingtootherplanetsortothemoon_manyproblems.involveb.involvesc.involvingd.toinvolve,在倒装句中，谓语动词往往与其后的第一个主语取得一致。也就是说，倒装句要采用就近原则。,1.Betweenthetworowsoftrees_ateachingbuildingandtwodormitores.A.standB.standsC.standingD.are2.Onthewall_twolargeportraitsofhisparents.A.hangsB.hangedC.hangingD.hang,以s结尾的词，但表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语，谓语用单数。,Mathsisausefulsubject.His“SelectedPoems”_firstpublishedin1970.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.havebeen,1.ThePhilippines_tothesouth-eastofChina.a.liesb.liec.layd.lays2.Mathematics_thelanguageofscience.isb.hasbeenc.ared.havebeen,由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s结尾的专有名词作主语谓语用复数。,TheOlympicGamesareheldonceeveryfouryears.,表示成双成套的名词，如：trousers,shorts,shoes,socks,scissors,glasses,compasses,等做主语时，谓语动词用复数。,Tomstrousersaretoolong.Yourglassesareonyournose.Thereisapairofshoesunderthebed.Thepairsofshoeshavewornout.,Where_myscissors?_rightonthedesk.A.are;ItsB.is;ItsC.are;TheyareD.is;Theyare,1._thispairoftrousersfithimwell?AreB.IsC.DoD.Does2.Strangelyenough，apairofnewtrousers_amongtherubbish.A.werefoundB.wasfoundC.foundD.hadfound,more复数名词thanone和morethanone单数名词的意义相同，均表示“不只一个”，但前者用作复数，后者用作单数。morethan+两个以上的数字+名词复数做主语时，谓语动词用复数。,Morestudentsthanonewerepunished.Morethanonestudentwaspunished.Morethantwohundredpersonsarepresent.Morethanonewaskilledinthebattle.,1.Morethanoneworker_dismissed.havebeenb.arec.hasbeend.has2.Morethanonegraduate_senttothehardestplacesince1979.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen,Letspractise!,(1)Acartandahorseinthedistance(2)AcartandhorseinthedistanceAwasseenBwereseenCSeeDsees,B,A,2.Thefactory,includingitsmachinesandbuildings,burntlastnightAisBareCwereDwas3.(1)ThestudentsinourschooleachanEnglishdictionary(2)EachofthestudentsinourschoolanEnglishdictionaryAarehavingBhadChasDhave,D,C,4.(1)Manystudentsthatmistakebefore(2)Manyastudent