The-art-of-public-speakingPPT课件VIP

.,1,Theartofpublicspeaking,AnIntroductionto,.,2,Outline,Whatispublicspeaking?HistoryofpublicspeakingStagefright7basicelementsofcommunicationprocessCommonstructureofaspeechTypesofspeechesInformativespeech,.,3,PublicSpeaking,avitalmeansofcommunicationawayofmakingyourideaspublicofsharingthemwithotherpeopleandofinfluencingotherpeopletheart,process,oractofeffectivelyaddressingthepublictoinform,persuadeorentertainthem,.,4,HistoryofPublicSpeaking,Aristotle:Fatherofrhetoric(修辞学/辨术)ThepracticeofpublicspeakingtoattainagoalbyusingpersuasivetacticsItwasnotuntilthe5thcenturyBCthatrootsofrhetoricwereplantedforittobecomeanartformbyteachers,calledSophists(wisdombearer智者/诡辩家),.,5,AccordingtoAristotle,Evidenceinpersuasivemessagesismosteffectiveinthesourcesethos艺术作品中的客观因素:credibilitypathos激起怜悯的因素:emotionalappeallogos理念,理性:logicalappeal,.,6,2ofthemostnotablerhetoriciansofancientRome,Cicero(西塞罗)(106-432BC):believedthatawellroundededucationintheliberalartswouldenablespeakerstospeakwithknowledgeandexpressivenessQuintilian(昆提利安)(35-95AD):wasinterestedinpreparingoratorswhospokeeloquently,exhibitinggoodmoralcharacterandethics,.,7,Modernfamousspeakers,FranklinRooseveltMartinLutherKingMargaretThatcherNelsonMandelaetc.Video:Greatmomentsfromfamousspeakers,.,8,SimilaritiesBetweenPublicSpeakingandConversation,OrganizingthoughtslogicallyTailoringthemessagetotheaudienceTellingastoryformaximumimpactAdaptingtolistenerfeedback,.,9,DifferencesBetweenPublicSpeakingandConversation,PublicspeakingismorehighlystructuredPublicspeakingrequiresmoreformallanguagePublicspeakingrequiresadifferentmethodofdelivery,.,10,StageFright,AnxietyovertheprospectofgivingaspeechinfrontofanaudienceFearofpublicspeakingandfearofdeathrank#1inmostsurveysaskingpeopleoftheirfear,.,11,WhatCausesStageFright?,inadequatepreparationfearofbeingjudgedunfamiliaritywiththeaudienceortheenvironmentlackofknowledgeaboutpublicspeakingfeelingsofinadequacyfearoftheunknownnegativepastexperiences,.,12,ImportantUnderstandingsAboutStageFright,Itisnormal.Almosteveryoneexperiencessomenervousnessaboutspeakinginsomesituations.Itismostlyinternal.Youwillusuallyfeelmorenervousthanyoulook.Ormentalstress.,.,13,ImportantUnderstandingsAboutStageFright,Anxietycanbeuseful.Yournervousnesscancreateaheightenedstateofreadiness,allowingyoutoperformbetterthanyoumightotherwise.Itcanbemanaged.Whileyoumaynevereliminatethenervousnessyoufeel,youcandealwithitanddeliverasuccessfulspeechinspiteofit.,.,14,ReducingSpeechAnxiety,KnowyouraudienceSelectanappropriatetopicRe-createthespeechenvironmentwhenyourehearseKnowyourintroductionandconclusionBeorganizedUsevisualaids,.,15,ReducingSpeechAnxiety,AcquirespeakingexperienceThinkpositivelyUsethepowerofvisualizationKnowthatmostnervousnessisnotvisibleDontexpectperfectionPrepare,prepare,prepare,.,16,Video:CarlyFiorinaandHP,.,17,7BasicElementsofCommunicationProcess,Source(Speaker):transmitsideasofinformationtothereceiverMessage:theinformationorideasconveyedtothereceiverChannel:themeansbywhichthemessageissenttothereceiverReceiver(Audience):whomthemessageissent,.,18,Feedback:verbalandnonverbalresponsetoamessageNoise:theinterferenceorbarriersduringthetransmittalofamessageContext:time,space,occasion,andtheenvironmentofaspeech,.,19,CommonStructureofaSpeech,WelcometheaudienceIntroducethesubjectExplainthestructureofyourspeechPresentthesubjectitselfSummarizeyourspeechThanktheaudienceInvitequestions,.,20,TypesofSpeeches,Informativespeech:speechtoeducateanaudienceaboutatopicPersuasivespeech:speechthatattemptstoswaytheattitudes,beliefsorvaluesofanaudienceSpeakingonspecialoccasions:introduction,presentation,acceptance,etc.,.,21,SpeakingtoInform,Aspeechdesignedtoconveyknowledgeandunderstanding.,.,22,TypesofInformativeSpeeches,SpeechesaboutobjectsSpeechesaboutprocessesSpeechesabouteventsSpeechesaboutconcepts,.,23,InformativeSpeechAboutanObject,SpecificPurpose:Toinformmyaudienceofthemajoralternative-fuelcarsnowbeingdeveloped.I.Onekindofalternative-fuelcarispoweredbyelectricity.II.Asecondkindofalternative-fuelcarispoweredbymethanol甲醇.III.Athirdkindofalternative-fuelcarispoweredbyhydrogen.,.,24,InformativeSpeechAboutaProcess,SpecificPurpose:Toinformmyaudiencehowabatik(蜡染色的)fabricisprinted.I.Thedesignisfirstsketchedonthepaper.II.Awaxresist防蚀蜡(蚀刻用)isappliedtothefabricwhereveryoudontwantthedye染色topenetrate.III.Thefabricisthendippedinthedye.IV.Whenthefabricisdried,thewaxresistisremoved.,.,25,InformativeSpeechAboutanEvent,SpecificPurpose:Toinformmyaudienceabouttheeventsinwomensgymnastics体操,体育.I.Thefloorexercise自由体操combinesdancing,acrobatics杂技,andtumbling摔跤，翻筋斗.II.Thevault跳马featuresexplosivestrengthanddramaticmidairmaneuvers.III.Thebalancebeamrequirespreciseroutinesandperfectcoordination.IV.Theunevenparallelbarsdemandgreatstrength,flexibility,andagility敏捷.,.,26,InformativeSpeechAboutaConcept,SpecificPurpose:ToinformmyaudienceaboutthebasicprinciplesofIslam.I.IslamwasfoundedbytheprophetMuhammadintheearly600s.II.TheteachingsofIslamarewrittenintheKoran,theholybookofIslam.III.TodayIslamisdividedintoanumberofsects,thelargestofwhicharetheSunnis逊尼派教徒andtheShiites什叶派教徒.Video:FengShui(pp714.1