大学英语综合教程BOOK4Unit 5PPT课件

.,1,Unit5NeverJudgebyAppearances,.,2,Howcanweseethroughaperson?,.,3,.,4,.,5,.,6,.,7,.,8,.,9,Discussion,Canyouseethroughapersonwhilehe/sheistellingalie?Isthereanysignortrace?,.,10,20個說謊破綻：,1.用手触面为掩饰谎话，说谎者会不自觉地抓鼻、用手掩口或用食指掩着上唇、抓面颊或耳朵。2.假笑假笑笑得较慢，而且笑容不对称；双眼完全没有表情。（我有个朋友就有这个习惯，每次说完谎，就会不自觉地打哈哈。当我直指他讲大话，他便会不自然地说只是和我说笑来遮掩过去。）,.,11,3.眼神闪缩说谎时，因为脑部要集中在谎话上，双眼会望向别处，或经常眨眼；跟对方没眼神接触，表现不安或闪缩。（所以，不看着他人的双眼，不单代表没有礼貌，或没有自信，也表现出你自己也不相信自己的说话！）4.视线说谎者不时望向房门，双脚指向门口；这是因为潜意识想摆脱谎话，因而想离开房间。（其实在开会时，你常选近门口的位置坐下，也表示你想逃避开会。）5.表现犹豫为怕前后矛盾，说谎时说话会比平时慢，小心用字遣词，脑海中会先预演一次。（当然，如果你在说谎前已在脑内预演了千百篇，我相信反应应该还是颇快的。）,.,12,6.晃脚想尽快说完谎话，不耐烦感觉或会出卖说谎者，坐下时不自觉脚印印或摇脚。（老人家说：人摇福薄，树摇叶落，原来还有其它暗示的。）7.跷手跷脚经典的自我保护象征，显示说谎者担心谎话最终被揭穿，因此作此守势。（除此之外，这也代表了不要烦我，我有自己的意见、思维；我就是我！）8.面部抽搐面部表情肌肉是不随意肌，偶然一次抽搐，即使过程不足一秒，或已露破绽。,.,13,9.面红说谎时心跳往往加速，血液涌进毛细血管，人就会觉得热，继而可能面红。（测谎机也是利用心跳的突然变化，来确定被测者是否说谎。）10.微细表情一个人若不想对方知道自己已早知一个消息，他会先做出一个惊奇表情，但很快就回复原貌。（所以，变面不要太快啊！11.说话离题担心对方不相信自己的谎话，说谎者会胡扯，提供很多不必要的数据。（时常胡扯的朋友，要留意了。）,.,14,12.转话题若向说谎者提问，他们或不能实时提供合情合理的答案，唯有转话题，通常是讨好对方的话13.坐立不安说谎者有时会触碰耳珠、啪手指关节、转动指环或拨弄头发，似乎要先自我鼓励。14.矛盾信息若有人边说快乐边摇头，有可能他并不是百分百坦白。15.声调改变若突然大声、高音或表现紧张，他可能正说谎。,.,15,16.说话快速说谎时话速加快，好让尽快说完。17.冒汗说谎时肾上腺素上升，会觉得热和冒汗。18.大口吸气担心谎话被揭穿，胸口或绷紧，气管收窄，出现缺氧或呼吸较急速。K19.口干说谎者或不停吞口水及舔口唇。20.过份友善为博对方信任，说谎者会扮熟、过份热情。（当然，友善是应该的；过份就假。）,.,16,GR_Prediction,Predictwhatthetextisaboutorwhatkindsofplotarepossibleundersuchatitle.,Youmaythink:astoryabouthowpeoplehelpedtheirfriendinneed.Anentirelydifferentstory:Thosewhoappeartobefriendlymayturnouttobesoevil-mindedastobereadytostrikeacruelblowatafriendinneed.,TextAAFriendinNeed,.,17,Britishnovelist,playwright,short-storywriter,highestpaidauthorintheworldinthe1930s.Despitehispopularity,Maughamdidnotgainseriousrecognitionhestood“intheveryfirstrowofthesecond-raters”.,Maugham,W.Somerset(1874-1965),.,18,OFHUMANBONDAGE(1915)人性的枷锁THEMOONANDSIXPENCE(1919)月亮和六便士THETREMBLINGOFALEAF(1921)叶之颤抖ONCHINESESCREEN(1922)中国见闻录THEPAINTEDVEIL(1925)彩色的面纱CAKESANDALE(1925)寻欢作乐,威廉萨默塞特毛姆,.,19,GR_PartDivisionoftheText1,PartDivisionoftheText,Part,Para(s),MainIdeas,1,1,2,23,Itisnoeasyjobtojudgepeople,fortheyarentalwayswhattheyappeartobe.,Kindandgentle,EdwardBurton,awealthymerchant,appearedasifhecouldnotbeartohurtafly.,3,451,Asitturnedout,Burtonwascold-bloodedenoughtosendafriendtocertaindeath.,.,20,LanguagePoints,deceptive:likelytodeceive;misleading欺诈的，迷惑的，虚伪的e.g.Appearancesaredeceptive.Thenewspaperspromisednottorundeceptiveadsinthefuture.,.,21,Deceive:impliesimposingafalseideaorbeliefthatcausesconfusion,bewilderment,orhelplessnessThesalesmantriedtodeceivemeaboutthecar.Undeceivevt.使醒悟Mislead:vt.误导impliesaleadingastrayfromthetruththatmayormaynotbeintentionalIwasmisledbytheconfusingsign.,Compare:,.,22,Delude:dilu:dvt.迷惑；逃避impliesdeceivingsothoroughlyastomakeoneafoolortomakeoneunabletodistinguishthefalsefromthetruthWeweredeludedintothinkingweweresafe.deludeoneselfinto自欺欺人Beguile:biailvt.欺骗；使着迷stresstheuseofcharmandpersuasiontodeceiveHisingratiatingwaysbeguiledusall.inreiieitiadj.逢迎的，讨好的；迷人的，吸引人的,.,23,Heshrugged(hisshoulder)sayinghedidntknowanddidntcare.Tr.对你上司的提问，如果只是耸耸肩，似乎不妥当。Toshrugyourshouldersatsupervisorsquestionmayseeminappropriate.,toshrug(ones)shoulders:toraise(onesshoulder)esp.asanexpressionofdoubtorlackofinterest,.,24,Vanity:excessiveprideinonesownappearance,abilitiesorachievements虚荣，自负,Manypeopledietforreasonsofvanityevenwhentheweightlossisbadtotheirhealth.VanityFair名利场；浮华世界vanityproject形象工程Tr.Theleastdefensiblemotiveisvanity.最牵强的理由就是虚荣心。Tr.本地的商家的行为被认为不仅是真诚地关心别人，还是虚荣。Localgooddeedsoftenoweasmuchtovanityastogenuineconcernforothers.,.,25,forsb.s(own)part/thepartof:asfarassb.isconcerned至于;对来说,FormypartIpreferlivinginthecountry.Tr.对我来说，不管我的精神要遭受多大的痛苦，我都甘于了解整个真相了解最坏的真相，并准备好去了解它。Formypart,whateveranguishofspirititmaycost,Iamwillingtoknowthewholetruth-toknowtheworstandtoprovideforit.,.,26,DR_word_definite1,definite:adj.clear;thatcantbedoubted,我们要求给一个确切的答复。,Wedemandadefiniteanswer.,Itsdefinitethathellcome.,Collocation:,adefinitesuccess,绝对的成功,definiteperiodoftime,确切的时间,.,27,DR_word_definite2,Thedoctorisquitedefiniteaboutthepatienthavingdevelopedalungcancer.,医生非常肯定病人是患了肺癌。,Thechairmanaskedthespeakertobemoredefiniteinhisstatements.,主席让发言的人把话说得更明确些。,definite表示某事界限分明,以至于就其意义或范围不会产生任何疑问、误解。例如：,definitethesameassth.else浑然一体的，完全一致的e.g.Thestyleofthebookisallofpiece,inbothillustrationsandtext.Theessayshecompletedinthelatterpartofhislifeareofapiecewithhisearlierwork.allofapiece=allofonepieceOtherusagesofpiece:masterpiece杰作;杰出的事teartopieces撕碎;彻底摧毁;痛斥,.,31,wrinkle:tightentheskinofthefaceintolinesorfoldse.g.Thewomanwasforty,butlookedfifty.Hercheeksweresunken凹陷的andherskinwaswrinkledandyellow.Mydresswrinkleseasily.Otherusages:wrinkledhernoseindisdain.皱鼻子以示不屑,.,32,n.of+U(lit.)onespositioninlife;socialrank:身份Shemarriedbeneathherstation(=someoneoflowerrank)peopleinhumblestations地位低下的人们allstationsoflife社会各阶层,station,.,33,DR_S_Heplayed,Paraphrasethesentence.,Heplayedwellanddiditinagracefulway.,Heplayedagoodgameandagenerousone.,.,34,evidently:obviously;itappearsthate.g.Evidentlyourlivingconditionsaremuchbetterthanbefore.Thestrangerapproachedthemicrophone,evidentlyintendingtospeak.selfevident不言而喻的；不证自明的,.,35,beaffectionateto/withsb.affectionatefilm：爱情片伦理片ethicalfilm灾难片disasterfilmAffectionateCoffee：港式鸳鸯咖啡Tr.我们用一种近乎友爱的语言交谈，就象经过苦斗的老战友最后重逢一样。Wespoketoeachotherinnearlyaffectionateterms,likeveteransofbitterbattlesatalastreunion.,affectionatefekntfullofaffection,tenderandlovingadj.深情的；充满深情的,.,36,1)havingorshowingakindorgentlenature:abenignteacher/expressionabenignsmile仁慈的微笑2)med.(ofdisease)notdangeroustolife,notmalignant:Abenigntumorcanusuallybecured.良性肿瘤3)favorable,beneficial:thebenignsky温和的天空thebenigninfluenceofpureair纯净空气的有益影响malignmlainvt.诽谤，污蔑;中伤adj.有害的；恶意的，恶性的,benignbinainadj.良性的；吉利的；和蔼的，亲切的,.,37,Translation:,他那双温和的蓝眼睛有种令人愉快的神情，他说话的声音轻柔；你无法想像他会提高嗓门大发雷霆；他的笑容和蔼可亲。这个人吸引你，是因为你从他身上感到他对别人的真正的爱。,.,38,spicy:exciting,esp.becauseofbeingslightlyindecent;containingortastinglikespicee.g.Youcanoftenreadspicystoriesaboutfilmstarsinthelocalnewspapers.PeoplefromSichuanprovinceliketoeatspicyfood.spicycriticism辛辣的批评,.,39,somethingof:tosomedegree有几分，在某种意义上somethingofexceptionalquality上品creatingsomethingoutofnothing无中生有Knowsomethingofeverythingandeverythingofsomething样样都要懂，专业须精通。Theyhaventgotaloanfromthebank,whichissomethingofdisappointment.,.,40,DR_word_instinct,相信你的直觉，你认为对的就去做。,Trustyourinstinctsanddowhatyouthinkisright.,instinct:n.atendencythatoneisbornwithtobehaveinacertainwaywithoutreasoningortraining,Someanimalshuntbyinstinct.,.,41,actoninstinct凭直觉行动byinstinct出于本能haveaninstinctfor生来就有.的本能,生性爱好instinctwith充满着.;受.的鼓舞,.,42,Departurelounge候机室toloungethesummeraway闲散安逸地度过夏天loungeaboutthedoor闲散过日loungesuit;businesssuit男式常服Tr.如果都说完了，到休息室去喝咖啡好吗？Shallweadjourntotheloungeforcoffeeifweveallfinished?,.,43,oddlyenough:usedtosaythatsth.seemsstrangeorsurprising说来奇怪e.g.oddlyenough=strangelyenoughOddlyenough,someofthestudentsdontknowhowtologontheinternet.Tr.奇怪的是，你会在过度自信及自我怀疑中摇摆。Oddlyenough,yousee-saw（玩跷跷板）betweenoverconfidenceandself-doubt.,.,44,DR_word_sip,sip:v.drink(sth.),takingaverysmallamounteachtime,Shesippedpolitelyatherdrink.,他把玻璃杯内饮料呷干。,Hesippedtheglassdry.,Pattern:,sip(at/from)sth.,.,45,inaway:toacertainextentbutnotentirelye.g.Iagreewithyouinaway,buttherearestillsomeareasonwhichIcantseeeyetoeyewithyou.c.f.inabig/greatway大规模地;豪华地;隆重地inafamilyway不拘礼节地,家常随便地;怀孕inageneralway一般说来,大体上inagoodway昌盛地,富裕地inahundredandoneways千方百计地,.,46,with(a)bad/goodgrace:unwillinglyandrudely/willinglyandhappily勉强地/欣然地e.g.AfterItalkedtohimforanhour,headmittedhismistakewithbadgrace.Mymentoracceptedmyinvitationtodinnerwithgoodgrace.c.f.goodgraces好意,友意;宠爱getintosb.goodgraces博得某人的欢心havethegraceto(do)有.的雅量,有勇气.insb.sgood/badgraces受某人照顾白眼makeonesgraces行礼withaneasygrace态度自若,.,47,stroke:passthehandgentlyover(asurface)usu.severaltimes轻抚，抚摩e.g.Ireachedoutandstrokedthebabyscheektenderly.Otherusages:atthestrokeofmidnight.午夜钟声astrokeoflightning.一个闪电,.,48,shave:cut(hair)offonesface,etc.witharazor;cutorscrapethinslicesfromthesurfaceofe.g.IntheQingdynastymenshavedthefrontoftheheadandworethehairatthebacktiedinaqueuekju:辫子orpigtail.Otherusages:shaveameadow.修剪草坪Thebusjustshavedmebyaninch.擦过,.,49,transparent:allowinglighttopassthroughsothatobjectsbehindcanbeseenclearlye.g.Thecupismadeoftransparentcoloredplastic.Transparentplasticisoftenusedforpackagingfoods,enablingtheconsumertoseetheproductinside.,.,50,DR_S_Hestrokedhis,1.Whatcanweinferfromthissentence?,Hewasveryfrail.Hisappearancesuggestsnohurt.ThisdescriptionofhishandisaproofofwhathasbeenmentionedinLL.34-36thathewasveryfrailandcouldeasilyarouseothersinstinctsofprotectionandseemedtobeamanwhowouldnotbeartohurtafly.,2.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.,他用瘦小的手摸了摸剃得光光的下巴；手上青筋鼓起，手白得几乎透明。,Hestrokedhisshavenchinwithhisthinhand;theveinsstoodoutonitanditwasalmosttransparent.,.,51,gobroke:havenomoney;gobankrupt破产e.g.Manymultinationalcompanieswentbrokeduringthefinancialcrisis,nottospeakofsmallbusinesses.c.f.goforbroke全力以赴;孤注一掷clean/dead/stone/stony/flatbroke身无分文,一文不名,.,52,hithertohitu:迄今(fml)untilnow;untilaparticulartimee.g.TheHopeProjectsentmoneytostudentshithertounabletoaffordtheirtuitionfees.ahithertounnoticeddetail一个迄今未有人注意的细节,.,53,DR_word_stickto,stickto:refusetoabandonorchange(sth.),Themotheraskedhersonjusttotellthecopswhathesawandsticktohisstory.,Theoldmanstucktojoggingeverymorningalthoughhewaseightyyearsold.,Collocation:,sticktoonesword,遵守诺言,sticktothepoint,紧扣要点,.,54,trim:v.defeated;make(sth.)neatorsmoothbycuttingawayirregularpartse.g.Theyweretrimmedby3goalsto2.Myfriendtrimmedmyhairlastweek.n.ingoodtrim.状况很好,.,55,1)tobreakintopieces;fallapartTheshipwenttopiecesontherock.Theeconomyofthatcountrywenttopieces.2)toloseall-self-control,morallyoremotionallyShenearlywenttopieceswhensheheardthatherhusbandwasamongthoseburiedintheruinsoftheWorldTradeCenter.ofa(one)piece(with)一致的；与同类的pickupthepieces收拾残局pick(pull)topieces切成碎片，严厉批评,bealltopieces崩溃，垮掉,.,56,DR_word_driveat,driveat:betryingtosay,Theteacherdidntmentiontheword“cheating”butIknewwhathewasdrivingat.,我不知道你到底什么意思。,Ihavenoideawhatyouredrivingat.,NB:,用ing形式表示非正式,.,57,Translation:,我听出了一点他话里的意思。上大学时自以为了不起的人我见得多了，我才不吃这套呢。,.,58,-becauseof由于，因为resignonaccountofageonaccount-onachargeaccount:记帐，分期付款Heowed$50andsentme$10onaccount.onnoaccount-alsonotonanyaccountnotunderanycircumstances:决不Onnoaccountshouldyougo.on/forsomeonesaccount-forsomeonessakeIhopeyoudidntbringbeertothepicnicjustonmyaccount.,onaccountof,.,59,DR_word_current1,current:1.n.continuousflowofwaterorairinaparticulardirection,Swimmingagainstthecurrentisenergy-consuming.,Undernormalconditions,theoceancurrentsofthetropicalPacifictravelfromeasttowest.,2.adj.ofthepresenttime;happeningnow,Thecurrentsituationinthisareaisquitedifferentfromthatinthe1990s.,他不喜欢现在的工作，正打算辞职。,Hedoesntlikethecurrentjob,andisplanningtoquitit.,.,60,DR_word_current2,Collocation:,currentfashions,时装,currentevents,时事,currentprices,现价,.,61,DR_word_betakenaback,betakenaback:beshockedorsurprised,Hewastakenabackwhenawomanansweredthephone.,当我发现电脑不见了时我大吃一惊。,IwastakenabackwhenIfoundmycomputerwasgone.,.,62,DR_word_turnup,turnup:arrive;makeonesappearance,Hedidntturnupuntiltheendoftheexamination.,她干什么都迟到。,Sheturnsuplateforeverything.,.,63,DR_word_funk,funk:vt.(infml)avoidbecauseoffear畏缩,Hewasgivenachanceoftakingpartinthespeechcontest,buthefunkedit.,Hepromisedtoclimbthemountainwithus,buthefunkeditatthelastmoment.,Collocation:,funkwater,怕水,funkridingahorse,怕骑马,.,64,DR_word_constitution,constitution:n.conditionofapersonsbodywithregardtohealth,strength,etc.,Aboxermusthaveastrongconstitution.,Havingbeenillforseveralyears,hehasaparticularlyfragileconstitution.,Collocation:,anoldmanwithaweakconstitution,一位体弱的老人,buildupastrong/toughconstitution,练出强健的体格,.,65,DR_word_trifle,trifle:n.athing,amatteroranactivitythathaslittlevalueorimportance,我女儿总是把钱浪费在小玩意儿上。,Mydaughteralwayswasteshermoneyontrifles.,Thecoupleoftenquarreledaboutsomepettypetia.琐碎的；小气的trifleconnectedwiththehousework.,NB：,atrifle：slightly,Georgewasatrifleawkwardwithgirlsbutfondofdancing.,Shewasatriflebreathlessaftertherun.,.,66,DR_word_candid1,candid:adj.nothidingonesthoughts;frankandhonest,老实同你说，你的工作做得不够好。,Letmebeabsolutelycandidwithyou:yourworkisnotgoodenough.,NancyiscandidabouttheproblemssheishavingwithSteve.,Pattern:,becandidabout/with,Collocation:,直言,acandidopinion,.,67,candid既指言辞坦白直接，也指态度坦率真诚的，直抒胸臆的。例如：,DR_word_candid2,那位政治家曾答应要做到坦率公正，但我们对此感到怀疑。,candid,frankannoy惹怒:e.g.Hislazinesswasbeginningtorubme.,.,70,DR_S_Well,Well,Ihadntgotavacancyinmyofficeatthemoment.,Whatdoesthesentenceimply?,Hednevertakenseriouslythefriendsneedforhelp,oractuallyhehadneverthoughtofgivinghispoorfriendahand.,.,71,DR_word_vacancy,vacancy:n.unfilledpositionorpost,这家公司的财务部有一个空额。,Thecompanyhasavacancyintheaccountsdepartment.,Therearethreevacanciesinthisapartmenthouse.,.,72,AR_UsefulExpressions1,UsefulExpressions,1.耸耸肩,2.自大,3.让某人大吃一惊,4.听某人亲口讲述,5.衣着整洁素雅,shrugonesshoulders,greatvanity,givesb.agreatsurprise,fromonesownlips,beneatlyandquietlydressed,.,73,AR_UsefulExpressions2,6.合乎某人的年龄和身份,7.玩桥牌,8.和睦恩爱的一家人,9.年轻时,inaccordancewithonesageandstation,playbridge,aunitedandaffectionatefamily,inonesyouth,nodagreeting,10.点头致意,.,74,AR_UsefulExpressions3,11.对有一种本能,12.两颊白里透红,13.和善地咯咯一笑,14.勉强地/欣然地,15.一文不名,haveaninstinctabout,pink-and-whitecheeks,giveakindlychuckle,withabad/goodgrace,gobroke,.,75,AR_UsefulExpressions4,16.穷困潦倒,17.自杀,18.由于,19.吃一惊,20.身体状况不好/好,bedownandout,commitsuicide,onaccountof,betakenaback,inbad/goodcondition,.,76,AR_UsefulExpressions5,21.祝某人好运,22.临阵脱逃,23.喝酒作乐把身体搞垮,24.对付不了,wishsb.goodluck,funkitatthelastmoment,ruinonesconstitutionbydrinkanddissipation,morethanonecanmanage,25.拿我自己来说,26.红红的脸上布满皱纹,formyownpart,aredfacemuchwrinkled,.,77,Discussion:Doyouthinkitsnatureornurturethatcreatesaserialkiller?Oracombination?,.,78,1.Ithinkthatgeneticsplaysahugeroleinthementalcapacityofaperson,andsocietydoestherest.natureandnurturecombined.2.IamcurrentlyreadingabookbyJohnDouglas,atopFBIcriminalprofiler,whosaysthatwhileapersoncantblametheirmistakesontheirupbringing,itdoesplayapartinshapingus.Thenofcourse,theresgenetics.3.Ibelievestronglythatnurtureismoreprominentthannaturewhenitcomestocasessuchasthese.,.,79,Ifyoulookatadoption/twinstudies(twinsandsiblingswhowereraisedbydifferentfamilies)theseresultsputnurtureintofavor.If2siblingshavetendenciesofanaggressivepersonality,ifhe/sheisplacedinacaring,positiveinfluentialfamily,thischildwillhaveahigherlikelihoodofnotdevelopinganaggressivepersonalitydisorder.However,ifthesamepersongrewupinanaggressivehousehold,well,weallknowhowthatwouldplayout.Thispersonwouldhaveahigherlikelihoodofdevelopinganaggressivepersonalitydisorder.,.,80,4.Itisboth.Wereallbornwithacapacityforcruelty.Itsthenurturingthatmakesuswhoweendupbeing.A