形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成规则小结PPT课件

.,1,GrammarFocus,(二)形容词的比较级和最高级comparativesandsuperlativeswithadj.andadv.,.,2,short,-,shorter,small,-,smaller,nice,nicer,safe,safer,-,-,-,-,-,-,big,thin,heavy,heavier,happy,happier,找规律：,big,bigger,thin,thinner,.,3,deliciousmoredeliciousinterestingmoreinterestingimportantmoreimportantcarefully-morecarefullyquickly-morequicklyslowly-moreslowlyeasily-moreeasily,找规律：,.,4,大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级。一、形容词比较级的构成1.构成的不规则变化:2.构成的规则变化:,形容词和副词的比较级,.,5,1.构成的不规则变化:e.g.good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest,.,6,2.构成的规则变化:1)单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾后加-er构成比较级或-est构成最高级.如：原级比较级最高级coldcoldercoldestbrightbrighterbrightestyoungyoungeryoungest,.,7,2)以字母e结尾的词只加r或-st构成比较级和最高级。原级比较级最高级nicenicernicestfinefinerfinestlargelargerlargest,.,8,3)重读闭音节词末尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-er或-est。如:bigbiggerbiggestthinthinnerthinnest4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先改y为i,再加-er或-est。如：easyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiest,.,9,5)多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more或most。如：deliciousmoredeliciousmostdeliciousinterestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingimportantmoreimportantmostimportant,.,10,carefully-morecarefully-mostcarefullyquickly-morequickly-mostquicklyslowly-moreslowly-mostslowlyeasily-moreeasily-mosteasily,.,11,形容词最高级的构成,tall,taller,tallest,.,12,B:heavyeasytidydrybusyhappyhealthyhungryearly,y-i-est,.,13,C:largelatenice,-st,biggest,D:big,hot,hottest,thin“双写”,thinnest,wet,wettest,fat,fattest,.,14,Adjective,deliciousdangerousinterestingpopularbeautifulcarefulfriendly,themost-adj.,.,15,Adjective,betterbest,far,little,worseworst,moremost,fartherfarthest,lessleast,good,well,bad,badly,many,much,.,16,fortable3.big4.happy5.cheap6.many7.difficult8.little,betterbestmorecomfortablemostcomfortablebiggerbiggesthappierhappiestcheapercheapestmoremostmoredifficultmostdifficultlessleast,.,17,用法：英语中三者或三者以上相比较，表示“最”这样的最高程度概念时，要用“the+最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般带有表示比较的介词短语，比如:inourclass,ofthethree等。例如：WangLinisthetallestinourclass.Thistheateristhecheapestofthethree.注意使用最高级时应注意以下几点：,形容词的最高级,.,18,(1)表示“最之一”的句式，要用oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词。例如:JingjiangHotelisoneofthebiggesthotelsinourcity.Lisaisnotoneofmybestfriends.(2)当最高级前面有物主代词或名词所有格时，不加定冠词the。例如：TomisLucysbestfriend.Tuesdayisherbusiestday.,.,19,(3)最高级前可加序数词。例如：TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.(4)形容最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词，代词时，被修饰的词往往省略。例如：Heisthelaziest(student)inourclass.,.,20,2.形容词比较级和最高级的构成规则变化一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词比较级直接加-er,最高级直接加-est。如：clevercleverercleverestcheapcheapercheapestfewfewerfewestsmallsmallersmallestyoungyoungeryoungest,.,21,b.以-e结尾的形容词，比较级+-r,最高级+-st。如：largelargerlargestnicenicernicestcutecutercutestc.以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，变y为i+er或+est。busybusierbusiestheavyheavierheaviesteasyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiestdirtydirtierdirtiest,.,22,d.以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加+er或+est。如：bigbiggerbiggestthinthinnerthinnestfatfatterfattesthothotterhotteste.多音节和部分双音节形容词，需在原级前+more构成比较级，+most构成最高级。如：importantmoreimportantmostimportantbeautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautifuldifficultmoredifficultmostdifficult,.,23,3.不规则变化：,.,24,最高级规则变化口诀：,最高级，很容易，一般词尾加est。(cheap-thecheapest)词尾若有哑音e,直接就加st。(close-theclosest)重读闭音节,单辅音字母要双写。(big-thebiggest)辅音字母加y,记得把y变为i。(friendly-thefriendliest)多音节，考考你，themost到底加哪里？(popular-themostpopular),.,25,1.WearegoingtotheGreenRestaurantforlunch.(就划线部分提问)_yougoingforlunch?2.Samistheshortestinhisclass.(改为同义句)Samis_than_studentinhisclass.Samis_than_s