conversion转译法PPT课件

-,1,BasicSkillFour,Conversion词类转换,-,2,技巧四词类转译法（conversion）,一、名词的转换二、介词的转换三、动词的转换四、形容词的转换五、副词的转换,-,3,一、名词的转换,1.名词动词(英语中名词用得较多,而在汉语中，动词的使用频率较高.这是因为,英语句子往往只有一个谓语动词,而汉语句子可以连用几个动词或动词词组.)e.g.1)Thenewsituationrequirestheformationofanewstrategy.新形势要求制定新战略,-,4,2)Theyfellinlovewitheachotheratfirstsight他俩一见钟情3)ShehadhighpraiseforMr.Li.她高度赞扬了李先生4)Rocketshavebeenfoundapplicationfortheexplorationoftheuniverse.火箭已经用于探索宇宙了5)Sheisawell-knownsinger.她是个著名的歌手Someofmyclassmatesaregoodsingers我的一些同学歌唱得很好,-,5,2.名词形容词(一部分有形容词派生的英语名词有时也需还原,即转换成汉语的形容词.)e.g.1）WeareimmenselyimpressedbythesplendorandwarmthofourreceptionattheGreatHallofthePeople在人民大会堂为我们举行的隆重、热烈的欢迎仪式，给我们留下了十分深刻的印象,-,6,2）Wearedeeplyconvincedofthecorrectnessofthispolicy我们深信这个政策是正确的3）Bothsidesagreethatthemeetingwasasuccess.双方都认为这是一次成功的会谈4）Independentthinkingisanabsolutenecessityinstudy独立思考对学习是绝对必需的,-,7,3.名词副词e.g.Ihavethehonourtoinformyouthatyourapplicationhasbeenaccepted.我荣幸地通知阁下，您的申请已被接受,-,8,二、介词的转换(介词动词),英语介词无论在其本身的数量上,还是在使用范围与频度上都远远超过汉语介词.在许多情况下，我们可以采用多种方法来弥补这些差异:对于可以直接保留下来的介词,直译是最便捷的做法;对于一些只起连接作用的介词，译成汉语时往往可以省略;至于同动词搭配成动词词组或自身含有动作意味的介词,则可以将其转换成汉语中使用范围和频度很高的动词或动词词组.,-,9,e.g.1)Partyofficialsworkedlonghoursonmeagrefood,incoldcaves,bydimlamps.党的干部们吃着粗茶淡饭，住着冰冷的窑洞，点着昏暗的油灯，长时间地工作2)Thegovernmentofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeople,shallnotperishfromtheearth.民有、民治、民享的政府将永存于世,-,10,3)TheKremlinisturningwestwardforcapitalandtechnology.克里姆林宫正在转向西方寻求资金和技术4)“Coming!”.Awaysheskippedoverthelawn,upthepatch,upthesteps,acrosstheveranda,andintotheporth“来了”，她转身蹦蹦跳跳地离开了草地，跑上了小路，跨上了台阶，穿过了阳台，进了门廊,-,11,5)Passingthroughthegorge,acrossthestream,andthenupthemountain,theylookeddownfromthetopintothedistance,anexpanseofflatlandlyingbeforethem.他们穿过峡谷，跨过溪流，然后登上高山，极目远眺，山下是一马平川。6)Aftertwoyearswithabadwomanagoodmanbecomesabadman.两年交坏女，好男也变坏。,-,12,三、动词的转换,英语中有许多从名词派生而来或有名词转用的动词,它们大都难以直接译成汉语动词,因而需要将其转换成名词后再译出,同时往往还需调整相关词语的词类和语序,或适当增词加以补充,使译文更加完整,通顺,-,13,1.Helunchedmewellatarestaurantyesterday.他昨天请我在饭馆里吃了一顿像样的午餐2.Theaudiencelaughedthespeakerdown.听众用讪笑声把演讲者轰下台3.Theysignedtwoagreementsthatservedtowarmuptheatmosphereoftheirrelations.他们签署了两个协定，目的是使他们的关系热乎起来,-,14,4.Suchmaterialsarecharacterizedbygoodinsulationandhighresistancetowear.这种材料的特点是绝缘性好并且耐磨性强5.Thedesignaimsatautomaticoperation,easyregulation,simplemaintenanceandhighproductivity.这项设计的目标是自动操作、调节简单、维护简易、生产率高,-,15,四、形容词的转换,1.形容词动词在英语中,有许多形容词并不是用来修饰主语,而是与系动词组成谓语部分,表示各种意愿,态度以及知觉,情感和欲望等心理状态,而且可以直接或通过介词连接宾语(从句).在翻译时,通常应把此类形容词转换成汉语动词confident,certain,careful,cautious,angry,sure,ignorant,doubtful,aware,concerned,glad,delighted,sorry,-,16,1）Theyweresuspiciousandresentfulofhim他们怀疑他，憎恨他2）Theyarenotsuretheycansavehislife.他们不敢肯定能救他的命3）TheNazisoldiersweremoreconcernedwithsavingtheirownlivesthanwithtakingours.比起要我们的命，纳粹士兵更关心救他们自己的命,-,17,2.形容词名词1)Theydidtheirbesttohelpthesickandthewounded.他们尽了最大的努力帮助病号和伤员2)Stevensonwaseloquentandelegant-butalittlesoft史蒂文森有口才，有风度，但有点软弱能说会道，风度翩翩,-,18,五、副词的转换,1.副词动词1）Themanagerwillbebackinaboutanhour.经理大约在一小时后回来2）Whenthecropsarein,theystartautumnsowing.庄稼收完后，他们开始秋种3）Asheranout,heforgottohavehisshoeson.他跑出去时，忘记了穿鞋子4）Sheopenedthewindowtoletfreshairin她把窗子打开，让新鲜空气进来,-,19,2.副词名词1）Heisphysicallyweakbutmentallysound.他身体虽弱，但思想健康2）ThepapersaideditoriallythatChinahassuccessfullysurvivedaworldwidefinancialcrisis该报社论说，中国成功地经受住了一场波及全球的金融危机,-,20,3.副词形容词Thepresidenthadpreparedmeticulouslyforhisjourney总统为这次出访作了十分周密的准备,-,21,Assignments,1.Thesightandsoundofourjetplanesfilledmewithspeciallonging.2.ImafraidIcantteachyouswimming.IthinkmybrotherisabettertecherthanI.3.Thegarden-partyisagreatsuccess4.Theystriveforalowerbirthrate.5.Wesangtheoldyearoutandthenewyearin6.Themeetingistwodaysaway.7.Thedaffodilsareout.,-,22,8.Anacquaintanceofworldhistoryishelpfultothestudyofcurrentaffairs9.Upthestreet,theywent,paststores,acrossabroadsquare,andthenenteredahugebuilding10.Wearequitesurethatthesocialistsystemwillreplacethecapitalistsystemintheend11.Theywerenotcontentwiththeirpresentachievements12.Awell-dressedman,wholookedandtalkedlikeanAmerican,gotintothecar.13.Theyaregoingtobuildaschoolfortheblindandthedeaf,-,23,14.Wefounddifficultyinsolvingthiscomplicatedproblem15.Hewasdeeplyimpressedbywhattheydidinthecriticalmoment16.Isupposeboysthin