英语高考冲刺：短文改错及真题解析

高考冲刺：短文改错题型介绍高考英语短文改错历来是考生的一个难点，因为它考查的是考生的综合语言运用能力，考查内容涵盖英语语言的各个层面。短文改错分为两种形式：含有10处错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词增加、删除或修改；对标有题号的每一行做出判断，或增加，或删除，或修改，全文共有9处错误，有一行是对的。 解题技巧改错步骤1. 通读全文，了解短文大意。把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑，尤其是有的行文逻辑方面的错误在看单句时难以发现错误（比如前文用Mike，后文代词用she等）。在通读全文时把一些容易的错误先改好，再进行分句改错。2. 分句阅读，逐行找错。在完成第一步后，要进行逐行逐句的改错。这时要从文中的词法、句法和语篇角度着重分析和特别注意。注意不能改变句子的原意，也不能改掉原来正确的词语而换成了另一种正确的表达形式，如某些定语从句中that与which的互换是不给分的。3. 最后把改好的短文再阅读一遍，检查答案是否正确，感觉是否还有不妥之处，最终形成定稿。注意严格按照例题要求和解题说明，用规定的符号去改，不要用文字去说明或者用箭头表示，更不能在原题中乱画。答题时可以从以下几点考虑： 1. 句中的时态、主谓、代词一致吗？ 2. 句中的谓语完整吗？ 3. 习惯用法固定搭配正确吗？ 4. 冠词、形容词、副词及关系词得当吗？ 5. 该用被动语态吗？ 6. 从句的连接词对了吗？ 7. 从句中的谓语完整吗？ 真题讲解（一）Two years before, I traveled to Brazil and I rented for a car. Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car, and I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two week. I called my parents, so I did not tell them what had happened. I knew that they will be worried about myself because I was so farther away, and that my mother would not sleep if she knew. Therefore, I told them interested stories and how I was enjoying Brazil. As a result, nobody knew truth. I still think that it was the right thing to do. (浙江)（二）Thank you for the lovely day we have with you. It was so kind for you to let us bring Annes friend, Gina. Unfortunate, the only problem was the journey home. There had been a terrible accident on the highway and, for a result, there was a long line of traffic for at least six mile. In the end, we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear. In the car park here Gina nearly got knocked over as car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry. They finally dropped Gina off at her parents and made our own way to home. (辽宁) （三）Dear Editor,Im writing to tell you opinion about water saving.76._Water is important. We, as well as animal, cannot live77._without water and neither agriculture or industry can go78._without it. Yet it seemed water is becoming less and less.79._Many countries in the world find we dont have enough water.80._To deal with a problem, I think, we should first go all81._out to plant trees though trees will help save water. Next, no82._drinking water should be left running. Third, we should find83._ways to reuse the water using in washing, especially bath84._water for which is quite a lot, and that will save much water.85._Sincerely,Li Hua（四）Dear Mom, Mothers Day is coming. Im sorry that I am abroad 66._and cant send your flowers, so Im writing to you. 67._ Mom, I know I have never expressed my thank to you 68._before. But on today, at this special time, I just want to tell 69._you loudly: I love you, Mom! Thank you so much by not 70._only giving me life, but also teach me how to be a good 71._person. Thank you for all you had done for me. Mom, though 72._I may often say it, I do love you. Nobody can take your 73,_part in my heart. Whenever I am, I will always love you. 74._ Hope you good health and much happiness every day! 75._ Your little girl, Jennifer（五）Dear Grandpa,How are you those days? I have been missing you very 76._much after I went to college a year ago. Whenever I think of 77._the old days, I feel very happily. I still remember when I 78._was child, you always held me in your arms and told me stories 79._till I fall asleep. We often went to the fields to enjoy the pleasant 80._view there. You told me the name of different plants and their 81._characteristics. Gradually, I became interesting in biology 82._and chose to learn biology when I entered into the college. Now 83._my friend Ann, together with me, are going to do field study 84._and the findings will be use as materials for our research. Since 85._well do the study in our hometown, I hope to see you by then. Yours, Daisy（一） 1. Two years before, beforeago；ago指的是从现在起到过去时间的某一点的一段时间。这个时间状语常与一般过去时态或过去进行时态连用。2. I rented for a car. 去掉for，因为rent为及物动词。3. Unfortunate, I had an accident Unfortunate改为Unfortunately，修饰一句话用副词。4. at least two week week weeks5. I called my parents, so I did not tell them sobut，逻辑关系错误。6. I knew that they will be willwould，主从句时态一致。7. worried about myself myselfme，句中的主语为they，不构成反身代词；8. I was so farther away, fartherfar，句中不构成比较级。9. I told them interested stories interestedinteresting，interesting才表示“令人感兴趣的”。10.nobody knew truth truth前加the，此处特指“那个真相”。（二）1. we have with you have had，由后面的was可知，这儿应该用过去时态。2. It was so kind for you to let us for of，kind用于描述you的，适用于“It +形容词+ of sb.”句型。3. Unfortunate, the only problem Unfortunate Unfortunately，修饰句子用副词。4. for a result, there was a long line of traffic for as, as a result固定搭配。5. for at least six mile mile miles mile是可数名词，并且前面是six。6. we waited there unless the road was clear unless until 后面一句是一个时间状语从句，意思是“我们一直等到路通了”。7. In the car park here here there 叙述的是别的地方发生的事，所以用there。8. as car drove out far too quickly car前加a，car不是特指，并且是可数名词，所以前面要加a。9. They finally dropped Gina off they we 叙述的是“我们”做的事，所以用we。10. and made our own way to home 去掉to，make ones way home中home为副词，前面不用介词to。（三）76. opinion前加my，根据句意前后的代词指代要一致，前文主语是I，所以后半句表达的意见就应该是“我”的意见。77. animal animals 我们还有动物们没有水就无法活。根据句意用复数形式。78. or nor 根据前文的neither可知应该将or改为nor。79. seemed seems 文章整体讲节约用水方面的话题，通篇用一般现在时，所以将seemed改为seems。80. we they 句中的“许多国家”指的是外国，不是“我们”。81. a the/ this/ that 本句的问题指上文提到过的问题，表特指。82. though because/since/ as 主从句之间的逻辑为因果关系而不是转折关系。83. 正确。84. using used “水”被使用过，用过去分词作定语85.去掉for 此处for在定语从句中找不到其相应的成分，故删去。 高666考%资&源#网（四）66. 正确。67. your you。此处动词send接双宾语，应使用宾格形式，构成短语send sb. sth.。68. thank thanks。“表达感谢”应为：express ones thanks。69. 去掉on。在副词today之前不用介词，故去掉。70. by for。Thank sb. for为固定短语“因而感谢”。71. teach teach