宾语从句和表语从句的用法PPT课件

-,1,Grammar,宾语从句和表语从句,-,2,一句子成分,动词作谓语,动词之前作主语,动词之后作宾语,am,is,are之后做表语,修饰名词作定语,-,3,区别表语和宾语表语也叫补语，是主语补足语，对主语进行补充说明。表语跟系动词连用，构成系表结构。Sheisastudent.Shelikesthestudent.,is是系动词，所以astudent是表语。,likes是实义动词，所以thestudent是宾语,-,4,常用的连系动词：1表示状态存在的词：be，感官动词（look、smell、sound、feel、taste），seem、appear等等。2、表示状态持续的词：keep、prove、stay、remain、turn（out）等等。3、表示状态转变的词：become，come、fall、get、grow、make等等。,-,5,Shelooksnice.Theleavesareturningbrown.Hecooksgoodmeals.Itsgettinglate.Theyownsallthecars.,-,6,如何区分宾语从句？,Theyknowtheteacher.主语谓语宾语Theyknowtheteacherisaman.主语谓语宾语从句句子做宾语就是宾语从句。,-,7,Weknow(that)Mr.GreenteachesEnglish.,宾语从句,1.作宾语的从句2.在主句谓语动词（及物动词）之后（或介词之后）,-,8,Thereasonisthatheisastudent.,表语从句,1.作表语的从句2.在连系动词之后3.作用：对主语进行解释说明,-,9,连接词：that,-,10,1.Pleasetellmeyouwillgotothelecturetomorrow.2.Italldependsontheskywillclearup.3.Thequestionisthefilmiswellworthseeing.4.HewillbewelltomorrowIamnotsure.5.itistrueremainsaproblem.,关联词比较,whether/if,whether/if,whether,whether,whether,whether,-,11,-,12,引导宾语从句时可互换.位于介词后要用whether.位于句首时要用whether.引导表语从句,主语从句,同位语从句时,要用whether.,-,13,单项选择1.Idontknow_wecanliveontheislandwithoutanyfood.A.whereBwhatChowDthat2.Couldyoutellme_?AWhereisthepart?BWhosonduty?CWhosebookisthis?DWhataretheydoing?3.Theteachertoldusthattheearth_aroundthesun.AmovedBmovesCmoveDmoving4.Couldyoutellme_?AifhewouldcometomorrowBwillhecometomorrowCwhetherhewillcometomorrowDIfhecomestomorrow5.IdidntknowthatMr.Smith_yet.hasreturnedBhasreturnedChadreturnedDreturned,B,B,C,C,C,-,14,1.Wewonderhowweshalldonext.2.Couldyoutellmewherearetheyhavingapicnic?3.IamsorrythatIdontknowyouwanttotakepartinthecompetition.4.Mr.Liseemsthatheisveryexpertatrepairingatcomputers.,what,didnt,theyare,asif,-,15,Themothersquestionwasthatshehasnotimetolookafterherdaughter.2.Thequestioniswhetherthatboywillturnupintime.3.Tomisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.4.ThatiswhereIcantagreewithyou.,无义,是否,.的样子,的地方,-,16,动词+间接宾语+宾语从句Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.,1.作动词的宾语,2.作介词的宾语,Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.,3.非谓语的宾语,4.形容词短语的宾语,-,17,3.It作为形式宾语,Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein.Seetoitthatchildrendontcatchcold.,4.否定的转移,主句的谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定词not,一般要把否定词not转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定.,Idontthinkthisdressfitsyouwell._?,5.doubt,-,18,一、宾语从句,1)引导词that可省略,Ihear(that)hewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.,2)whether(if)引导,Iwonderwhetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme.,3)whatIwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.,4)副词类Wherewhenwhyhow,-,19,5.虚拟语气下列动词Advisesuggestproposeinsistordercommandpreferrequestrequire后的宾语从句中谓语用Should+do/bedoneTheysuggestedthatIshouldhavearest.比较Hispalefacesuggestedthathewasill.Headvisedthattheworkshouldbestartedearly.Tominsistedthathe_(be)rightand_(notpunish).,Was,Shouldnotbepunished,-,20,6.疑问词ever引导Who/whom/which/what+ever区别：IcantunderstandwhatIheard.特指=allthat/the.thatHegiveshissonwhateverhewants.泛指=AnythingthatIwillgivethechanceto_Ithinkishonest.A.whoeverB.whomever比较Iknow_brokethewindow.Wewillpunish_tellslies.,-,21,7.that不能省略的情况,1)and连接两个宾语从句,that宾语从句放在and后,EverybodycouldseewhathappenedandthatTomwasfrightened.,2)that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时,Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.,3)that从句位于句首时,ThatheeversaidsuchathingIsimplydontbelieve.,4)主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语时,Wedecided,inviewofhisspecialcircumstances,thatwewouldadmithimforaprobationary.(试用）,-,22,Wewonderhowweshalldo.Couldyoutellmewheretheyare?Webelievethattheyhavefinishedtheirtask,haventwe?4.IamsorrythatIdidntknowyouwanttojointheParty.,找出下列句中的宾语从句,-,23,作业:用whose,whom,what,how,that填空.,1.Ithink_hewillbeallrightinafewdays.2.Doyouknow_theyarewaitingfor?3.Heasked_dictionaryitwas.4.Pleasepayattentionto_theteachersaid.5.Canyoutellme_Icangettotherailwaystation?,-,24,6.宾语从句的时态,1)主句用过去时,从句用一般过去时(如从句表示客观真理,可用现在时),Didyouseethattheboyswereplayingfootballontheplaygroundatthattime?YesterdayTomsaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.,2)主句为现在时时,从句可根据需要选用各种时态,IthinkthattheGreenshaveleftforHawaii.Iwanttoknowif/whetherhewillgosurfingthisafternoon.,-,25,注意事项（二）,从句时态,主句时态,现在时/将来时,相应任何时态,过去时,相应过去任何时态,-,26,宾语从句的注意事项（一）,句子类型,that,陈述句,一般疑问句,If/whether,特殊疑问词,特殊疑问句,-,27,practice,practise,-,28,经典试题,1.Wecannotfigureout_quiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.A.thatB.asC.whyD.when2.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_wasawastelandtenyearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where3.Parentsaretaughttounderstand_importanteducationistotheirchildrensfuture.A.thatB.howC.suchD.so4.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis_Idisagree.A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how,C,A,B,B,-,29,5.IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow_Ivebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.A.whichB.whyC.whatD.how6.Theroadiscoveredwithsnow.Icantunderstand_theyinsistongoingbymotorbike.A.whyB.whetherC.whenD.how7.-Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterdaysgame?-Oh,thats_.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited8.PeoplehaveheardwhatthePresidenthassaid;theyarewaitingtosee_hewilldo.A.howB.thatC.whenD.what,C,A,A,D,-,30,9.-Ithinkitsgoingtobeabigproblem.-Yes,itcouldbe.-Iwonder_wecandoaboutit.A.ifB.howC.whatD.that10.Perseveranceisakindofquality-andthats_ittakestodoanythingwell.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why11.Ireallydontknow_Ihadthisphototaken.A.whereitwasthatB.itwasthatC.whereitwasD.itwaswhy,b,A,A,-,31,12.Nevertake_forgrantedthatIwillhelpyou.Betterdependonyourself.A.thatB.itC.whichD.this13.Itlooks_heisunhappytoday.A.thatB.ifC.asifD.whether14.ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo_Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever15.Theoldwomanwasshockedby_hadhappenedtoherdaughter.A.whomB.whichC.thatD.what,B,C,A,D,-,32,表语从句,-,33,用做表语的从句叫表语从句,位置：一般放在系动词be后.,Theproblemisthatwehavelittlemoney.Thatiswhathewantsustodo.Thatiswhereshegothermastersdegree.,-,34,表语从句的连接词(四大类),that引导的表语从句,本身无意义,但不能省略.2.whether引导的表语从句意为:“是否”.不能用if替代.what,which,who,whom,whose可在表语从句中充当“主语,宾语,定语,有自己的词义.4.where,when,why,how在表语从句中可充当时间,地点,方式,原因状语.,-,35,特殊用法:,1.because引导的表语从句.的结构.2.asif/asthough引导的表语从句常在连系动词look,seem,sound,后面.,Myangerisbecauseyouhaventfinishedyourhomework.,ItseemedasifthebrotherswereplayingajokeonHenry.,-,36,1.Ithinkitisunnecessaryformetospeaklouder.2.Hismotherissatisfiedwithhehasdone.3.hewasabletocomemadeushappy.4.Thisismakesusinterested.5.ThereasonwasTodhadneverseenthemillionpoundnotebefore.,what/that,that,what,what,that,That,-,37,-,38,who/whoever,1.Thecompetitioniscoming.willattendthemeetinghasntbeendecidedyet.2.Ibelievetakespartinthecompetitionwilltryhisbest.what/whatever3.Canyoutellmeyoudliketoorder?happens,dontbesurprised.Allthefoodhereisdelicious.Justorderyoulike.,Who,whoever,what,Whatever,Whatever,-,39,-,40,经典试题,1.Wecannotfigureout_quiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.A.thatB.asC.whyD.when2.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_wasawastelandtenyearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where3.Parentsaretaughttounderstand_importanteducationistotheirchildrensfuture.A.thatB.howC.suchD.so4.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis_Idisagree.A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how,C,A,B,B,-,41,5.IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow_Ivebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.A.whichB.whyC.whatD.how6.Theroadiscoveredwithsnow.Icantunderstand_theyinsistongoingbymotorbike.A.whyB.whetherC.whenD.how7.-Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterdaysgame?-Oh,thats_.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited8.PeoplehaveheardwhatthePresidenthassaid;theyarewaitingtosee_hewilldo.A.howB.tha