禽流感常用英语词汇

- 禽流感常用英语词汇 World Health Organization (WHO)联合国世界卫生组织Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)美国国家疾病控制与预防中心Beijing municipal animal epidemic prevention centre 北京市动物流行病防治中心 bird flu / avian flu / avian influenza / fowl plague / 禽流感，又称真性鸡瘟、欧洲鸡瘟outbreak 爆发suspected cases 疑似疫情confirmed cases 诊断疫情test positive 检测为阳性highly pathogenic suspected cases高致病性禽流感疫区poultry farms 家禽农场disease-affected areas 疾病感染地区disposal of animal wastes 动物粪便的处理disinfection 消毒inactive virus 非活性病毒circulate 传播,流传contagious 接触传染性的outbreak 爆发vaccinate 注射疫苗influenza pandemic 流感流行 infection 传染病virulent 剧毒的;致命的strain (身心的)紧张状态populous 人口众多的,人口稠密的trigger 触发,引起respiratory symptom 呼吸道症状human-to-human transmission 人与人之间的传染within-family transmission 家庭成员间的传染pathogen 病原体mortality rate 死亡率fever 感冒cough 咳嗽sore throat 喉咙疼痛发炎 pneumonia肺炎acute respiratory distress 急性的呼吸道疾病viral pneumonia 病毒性肺炎-紫外线 ultraviolet radiation消毒剂 disinfectants防护服 protective clothing，masks of N95-type扑杀（动物） cull，stamp out, destroy兽体 carcasses带病毒的(动物)粪便 contaminated manure/droppings/faeces机械性传媒 mechanical vectors自然宿主 natural reservoir (of bird flu viruses)抗传染 resistant to infection流感流行 influenza pandemic禽传人 birds-to-human transmission人传人 human-to-human transmission, person-to-person transmission人患禽流感 human cases of bird flu世界卫生组织全球流感监测网络WHO Global Influenza Surveillance Network网络实验室 network laboratoriesH5N1类禽流感 H5N1 strain预防措施 pre-emptive measures/preventative measures有与其它流感病毒交换基因的倾向 to have the propensity to exchange genes with influenza viruses from other species.现有的疫苗 currently available vaccines, existing vaccines注射疫苗 vaccinate(病毒)分离 isolate原型病毒 prototype virus正粘病毒 Orthomyxo Virus哺乳动物病毒mammalian virus流感病毒属Influenza Virus原型疫苗prototype vaccineH5N1原型病毒H5N1prototype virus储存疫苗 stockpiling vaccines突然发病 sudden onset引发流感流行 trigging an influenza pandemic病毒突变 mutate，virus mutation基因交换 gene swapping基因重组 genetic recombination基因易变 genetically labile宿主的防御能力host defense（基因）复制错误 replication errors基因修复 gene repair抗原变体antigenic variant抗原变异 antigenic variation抗原飘移 antigenic drift抗原位移 antigenic shift从病毒中获取遗传物质 scrambling/acquiring genetic materials from human and avian viruses“混合器” “mixing vessel”流感的亚型influenza subtype自然免疫力natural 禽流感常用生化术语词汇hemagglutinin 血凝素Neuraminidase 神经氨酸酶Nucleoprotein 核蛋白Nonstructural Protein 非结构蛋白Matrix Protein 基质蛋白world organization for animal health (OIE) 国际兽医组织HPAIV 高致病性禽流感病毒LPAIV 低致病性禽流感病毒NPAIV 无致病性禽流感病毒seasonal epidemics 季节性流行病 avian influenza/ bird flu 禽流感 high pathogenicity 高致病性 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza/HPAI 高致病性禽流感 migratory waterfowl 迁徙性的水禽 shore birds 岸禽 poultry 家禽 prophylactic measures 防病措施 rapid bedside tests 快速病房试验antiviral drugs 抗病毒药物 Tamiflu泰米弗氯 (瑞士罗氏制药公司研制的抗流感药物)M2 inhibitorsM2抑制剂amantadine 金刚(烷)胺, 三环癸胺(抗病毒药)rimantadine 金刚烷乙胺neuralminidase inhibitors 神经氨(糖)酸苷酶, 唾液酸苷酶zanimivir 扎那米韦（葛兰素史克生产的抗流感药物）能迅速破坏流感病毒传染性的化学物品：organic solvent 有机溶剂 aether 乙醚chloroform 氯仿acetone 丙酮 formalin 福尔马林 oxidant 氧化剂diluted acid 稀酸 deoxysodium chol