动词ing的用法总结 (课堂PPT)

,动词-ing形式的用法,1,现在分词与动名词的基本形式你知道吗？,那么简单，谁不知道。是由动词末尾加-ing形式构成，因此又叫动词的-ing形式。V+-ing,2,Theingform构成：1.一般情况rain-2.以e结尾的动词hope-3.重读闭音节的动词stop-4.以ie结尾的动词die-lie-tie-,raining,hoping,stopping,dying,lying,tying,3,千万要注意V-ing形式的规则哟！,不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语。还有时态和语态的变化。,4,归纳总结：动词-ing是_中的一种，单独使用时，能在句中做除_之外的任何其他句子成分。如：主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补等。在语态上，动词-ing表示_（主动/被动的动作。在时间上，动词-ing一般表示_（正在进行/已经完成）的动作。,动词非谓语形式,谓语,主动,正在进行,5,时态和语态,6,一般式与完成式的时间意义,1.Lookingcarefullyattheground,Imademywaytotheedgeofthecrater.,2.HavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,Ididnttakemuchnotice.,ing形式的完成式所表示的时间在谓语动词之前,ing形式的一般式所表示的时间与谓语动词无明显的先后顺序,7,作主语：动名词,Teachingismyfull-timejob.,WritinganEnglishcompositionisnoteasy.Itsuselesstakingthiskindofmedicine.,8,归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：It+be+awasteoftimedoing做是浪费时间的Itis/wasnogood/usedoing做是没益/用处的Itis/washardly/scarcelyworthdoing做不值得Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing做是值得的Thereisnodoing无法，不允许,9,Thereisnosenseindoing做、没有道理Thereis/wasnousedoing干、无意义Thereis/wasnothingworsethandoing没有比、更糟的Thereis/wasnopointdoing干、无意义我们不知道要去哪儿。Therewasnoknowingwherewewouldgo.做这件傻事毫无意义。Thereisnopointdoingsuchasillything.,10,和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。ItisuselesstryingtoarguewithShylock这事值得去做。Itsworthmakingtheeffort若要人不知，除非己莫为。Thereisnohidingofevilbutnottodoit这种事开不得玩笑。Hereisnojokingaboutsuchmatter.,11,作表语,（1）动名词Myjobisteaching.=Teachingismyjob.Herfull-timejobislayingeggs.=Layingeggsisherfull-timejob.,（2）现在分词Theplayisexciting.Excitingistheplay.Thestoryhetolduswasveryinteresting.Interestingwasthestoryhetoldus.,12,作宾语,1.只接动名词的动词：,避免错过少延期avoid/miss/delay/postpone建议完成多练习suggest/advise/finish/complete/practice喜欢想象禁不住enjoy/imagine/canthelp承认否定与嫉妒admit/deny/envy逃避冒险莫宽恕escape/risk/forgive/excuse忍受保持不介意stand/keep/mind允许感激和考虑allow/permit/appreciate/consider明白鼓励要禁止understand/encourage/forbid,13,2.意义一致,Like/hate/begin/start/love/continue/prefer,Liketodo具体的将来的一次的Likedoing习惯性经常性的Ilikeplayingfootball.Iliketoplayfootballthisafternoon.,14,3.意义不一致,remember/forget/regretIforgottopostyourletter.未做Iforgotpostingyourletter.做了,B.mean/tryMeantodo打算meandoing意味着Trytodo努力trydoing试着,15,C.stop/goonstoptodo另一件stopdoing同一件,D.need/want/requireTheflowersneedwatering.Doing用主动Theflowersneedtobewatered.tobedone用被动,16,接动名词作宾语的词组有：admittoprefertobeusedtoleadtodevoteoneselftosticktolookforwardto(to为介词）nogood,nouse,Itsworth,aswellas,canthelp,Itsnouse/goodbetiredofbefondofbeafraidofbeproudofholdoffputoffkeeponinsistonsetaboutbesuccessfulingoodattakeupgiveuppreventfromthinkof/about,17,作宾语补足语：现在分词,Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom.,Inoticedalongqueueoutsidethebankwaitingforittoopen.Thebabywatchedhisdadshavinghisfacewithgreatinterest.,18,能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动词有这些，看看有什么好方法可以将它们记住：make、let、have、lookat、see、watch、hear、listento、notice、feel。“三让、三看、两听、注意感觉”。,19,动名词作定语表示性质或用途。awashingmachineamachineforwashingaswimmingpoolapoolforswimmingThisisanewwashingmachine.,作定语,20,作定语,现在分词作定语表示动作。如果是单词，放在被修饰的名词前；如果是短语，放就放在被修饰的名词之后。adevelopingcountryacountrywhichisdevelopingasleepingboyaboywhoissleepingThemantalkingwithmyfatherisMr.Wang.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.,21,作状语,现在分词作状语。表时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随（方式）等。,Hearingthecryforhelp,herushedout.（时间）,Beingill,hewenthome.（原因）,Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,makingitthemostpopularsportintheworld.(NMET98)（结果）,Hereadamagazinewaitingforthebus.（伴随）,Seeingfromthehill,youcangetthewholetown.(条件）,22,Lookingcarefullyattheground,Imademywaytotheedgeofthecrater.,HavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,Ididnttakemuchnotice.,Theingformusedasanadverbial.,Having+pastparticiple(theperfect-ingform)torefertoanactionthattookplacebeforethetimeexpressedbymainverb.,23,观察下列2个句子,体会havingdone与doing的不同的用法(1)Havingwrittentheletter,Johnwenttothepostoffice.(2)Seeingthebeautifulsight,thechildrenfeltexcited.总结:,V-ing,doing,havingdone,表动作有先有后,表动作同时发生,一般式,完成式,24,1.分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。,1.Comparingallthegreatpeoplewitheachother,youllfindthattheyhavemuchincommon.2.Findinghercarstolen,shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp.3.Thetrainhavinggone,wehadtowaitanotherday.,分析:前两例中,-ing形式的逻辑主语均为主句的主语。最后一例中havinggone的逻辑主语是thetrain。,25,其基本结构是:not+-ing形式,无论在完成式还是被动式里,not必须置于-ing形式之前。如:Nothavingfinishedhishomework,theboywasstilldoingitintheclassroom.,2.-ing形式的否定式。,26,根据这个性质,我们在使用-ing形式作状语时,切记不要在前面或后面的句子前用连词连接。如:Walkingonthefallenleavesinautumn,soyoullfeelverycomfortable.(),3.-ing形式(短语)的功能有时相当于一个状语从句。,分析:如前所述,-ing形式短语相当于一个状语从句,所以后半句中的连词so的使用是错误的,应该去掉。原句应改为:Walkingonthefallenleavesinaut