高一必修一unit5 Grammar.ppt

Grammar,theAttributiveClause(II)where,when,why,prep.+which/whom,带定语从句的谚语：1.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者天助之。2.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。3.HewhodoesntreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到长城非好汉。,Iprefertherobot.canplaytheguitar.,which,therobot,Therobot,Howtomakeit?,Review:TheAttributiveClause,简化图示,共有词,主句：从句：,共有词,关系词,共有词,关系词,主句从句,Themanisaworker.isspeakingatthemeeting.,who,Theman,Theman,Haveatry!,Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.,1.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_Iknow.A.ItB.whereC.thatD.Which2.YourteacherofChineseisayounglady_comesfromBeijing.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose3.Isthereanythingelse_yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what,1.Thisisourschool_weloveverymuch.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose,REVISION,2.Westudyinaschool_environment（环境）isverybeautiful.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whose,REVISION,3.Thestudents_havebeenadmittedintoourschoolarestudyingveryhard.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose,REVISION,Para.11.ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.2.Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.3.Hewasgenerouswithhistime,forwhichIwasgrateful.,AttributiveClausesinEliasStory,Para.24.TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometersaway.5.However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.,AttributiveClausesinEliasStory,Para.36.ThedaywhenNelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.7.,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.,AttributiveClausesinEliasStory,Para.48.Theycouldnotgetthejobtheywanted.9.Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.10.TheplacesoutsidethetownswheretheyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.,AttributiveClausesinEliasStory,11.Wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment.12.Wefirstbrokethelawinawaywhichwaspeaceful.,AttributiveClausesinEliasStory,Eliasshallneverforgettheday.,HefirstmetMandelaonthatday.,Eliasshallneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichhefirstmetMandela.,关系副词whenwherewhy,Theschoolwas3kilometersaway.,Eliasstudiedintheschoolforonly2years.,Theschoolwhere/inwhichEliasstudiedforonlytwoyearswas3kilometersaway.,关系副词whenwherewhy,Beijingisthecitywherethe2008OlympicGameswasheld.,Beijingisthecity.,The2008OlympicGameswasheldinthecity.,Beijingisthecityinwhichthe2008OlympicGameswasheld.,关系副词whenwherewhy,Harvardisaworld-famousuniversitywhereWangAngothisDoctorsdegree.,Harvardisaworld-famousuniversity.ThereWangAngothisDoctorsdegree.,关系副词whenwherewhy,Eliaslefthisschoolbecausehisfamilycouldnotpaytheschoolfeesandthebusfare.,ThereasonwhyEliaslefthisschoolwasthathisfamilycouldntpaytheschoolfeesandthebusfare.,Thereasonwhywasthat,关系副词whenwherewhy,Thereasonwhyherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear.,关系副词,why=forthereason,定语从句,先行词,forwhich,时间,时间状语,地点,地点状语,原因,原因状语,关系副词：whenwherewhy,at/in/on/duringwhich,in/atwhich,forwhich,1.引导定语从句2.在定语从句中充当状语3.指代先行词when的先行词一般为表示时间的名词where的先行词一般为表示地点的名词why的先行词一般为reason,关系副词引导定语从句中的作用,when,where,why相当于“介词+关系代词(which)”。when=at/in/on/duringwhichwhere=in/atwhichwhy=forwhich,IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.,onwhich(=ontheday),=,4.Preposition+which/whom,1.根据介词与先行词的习惯搭配来确定；,介词+which/whom前介词的选定,Istillremembertheholiday.Istayedwithmygrandparentsduringthatholiday.,IstillremembertheholidaysduringwhichIstayedwithmygrandparents.,Theshipismadeofsteel.Thesteelisofhighquality.,Theshipismadeofsteelwhichisofhighquality.,Thesteelwhichtheshipismadeofisofhighquality.,介词+which/whom前介词的选定,2.根据介词与定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定；,Thesteelofwhichtheshipismadeisofhighquality.,3.当表示“整体中的部分”或者“所有关系”时，介词选择“of”，指人用“ofwhom”，指物用“ofwhich”。,介词+which/whom前介词的选定,Ihavetwobrothers.Bothofthemaredoctors.,Ihavetwobrothers,andbothofthemaredoctors.,Ihavetwobrothers,bothofwhomaredoctors.,Thereareforty-fivestudentsinourclass.Onethirdofthemarefromthenearbyvillages.,Thereareforty-fivestudentsinourclass,andonethirdofthemarefromthenearbyvillages.,介词+which/whom前介词的选定,Thereareforty-fivestudentsinourclass,onethirdofwhomarefromthenearbyvillages.,*如果介词与其前面的动词是固定搭配的动词短语，介词不可前置。,Tips,Bobfoundthedictionary.,Ihadbeenlookingforit.,Bobfoundthedictionary(that)Ihadbeenlookingfor.,Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.,Thisistheboy.Shehastakencareofhim.,1.Doyoulikethebookshespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebookshepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks?5.Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies.6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,_standsourteacher.,onwhich,forwhich,fromwhich,aboutwhich,throughwhich,underwhich,7.Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_istheYellowRiver.8.Thetower_peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.9.Theman_Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.10.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most_hadntbeencleanedforatleastayear.11.Whoisthegirl_youtalkedjustnow?,ofwhich,fromwhich,towhom,ofwhich,towhom,关系代词和关系副词的判断,关系代词和关系副词的选择有其先行词在定语从句中所作的成分来确定：当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，用关系副词（表时间用when，表地点用where，表原因用why）或者相应的介词+which；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或者宾语时，则用关系代词。,Thereason_hegaveuswashardtoaccept.Thereason_hewaslateisthathemissedthefirstbus.,Thisistheplace_Ispentmychildhood.Thisistheplace_wevisitedlastsummer.,Iwillneverforgetthedays_Ispentinthecountryside.Iwillneverforgetthedays_Iworkedinthecountryside,关系代词和关系副词的判断,which,why,that/which,when,where,that/which,判断关系代词与关系副词方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.IllneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.,方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。1.Isthismuseum_youvisitedafewdaysago?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone2.Isthisthemuseum_theexhibitionwasheld.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone,D,A,关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)。,Icantforgetthedays_Ispentinthearmy.Icantforgetthedays_Istayedwiththesoldiers.,Thisisthefactory_employsalotofforeigners.Thisisthefactory_myfatherusedtowork.,Thereason_hegavetomeisonlyanexcuse.Thereason_hewasabsentfromthemeetingisthathismotherwasbadlyill.,which/that,when/inwhich,which/that,where/inwhich,which/that,why/forwhich,NOTES:当表示时间、地点、原因的名词如day,time,place,factory,reason等作先行词，在定语从句中作状语时，用when,where,why；在从句中作主语或宾语时，就用that或which.,Ex.,1.Atthetopofthemountainthereisasmallhouse_wecanseethebeautifulscenery.2.Whostheman_youshookhandsjustnow?3.Iwillrememberthetime_Ifirstbecameahighschoolstudent.4.Hedidntgivethereason_hewaslate.,inwhich,withwhom,atwhich,forwhich,Prep.+which/whom,a.Thisistheplacewhereheworks.Thisistheplacewhich(that)wevisitedlastyear.b.Thatwasthetimewhenhearrived.Doyoustillrememberthedaysthat(which)wespenttogether?c.Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhewent.Thereasonthat(which)hegaveuswasquitereasonable.,Makecomparison,先行词在定语从句中的成分不同,引导词不同。,Thisisthereason_hegaveme.Thisisthereason_hewaslate.,that/which,why,Thisisthefactory_myfatherworked.Thisisthefactory_myfathervisited.,that/which,where,October1stisaday_wewillneverforget.October1stisaday_ournewChinawasfounded.,that/which,when,EX.,1.Theperson_youshouldwritetoisMr.Ball.2.Thepersonto_youshouldwriteisMr.Ball.3.Thegames_hecompetedinwereswimmingandshooting.4.Thegamesin_hecompetedwereswimmingandshooting.,who/that/whom,whom,which/that,which,5.October1st,1949istheday_wewillneverforget.6.Isthistheshop_sellschildrensclothing?7.Hisparentswouldntlethimmarryanyone_familywaspoor.8.Thepen_heiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.,withwhich,that/which,which/that,whose,9.Heistheman_youcanturnforhelp.10.Thisisthetreeunder_weusedtoplaygames.11.Thefarm_weworkedtenyearsagoisntwhatisusedtobe.12.Abiologistisaman_hasagreatknowledgeofbiology.,towhom,which,onwhich,who/that,13.Thepoorboy_lostbothhisparentslastyearliveswithhisgrandfather.14.Thisisthefactory_heworkedtenyearsago.15.Thisisthefactory_maketoys.16.Heistheboy_familywaspoor.,who/that,where/inwhich,whose,which/that,1.Isthisthefactory_heworkedtenyearsago?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone2.Isthisfactory_someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone,3.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_Iliveonthefarm_youvisitedlastweek.A.when;whereB.which;whichC.when;whichD.which;where4.Doyouknowthereason_hewaslate?A.forwhichB.forwhatC.whichD.that,5.Maythefourthistheday_weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.aboutwhich6.Isthatthereason_youareinfavoroftheproposal?A.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat,7.Ilikethesecondfootballmatch_washeldlastweek.A.whichB.whoC.thatD./8.Iwillneverforgettheday_westudiedtogether.A.atwhichB.onthatC.atthatD.onwhich,9.Thereweredirtymarksonhertrousers_shehadwipedherhands.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that10.TheSecondWorldWar_millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.A.onwhichB.whereC.inthatD.duringwhich,1.Today,welldiscussanumberofcases_beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.(2007陕西)A.whichB.asC.whyD.where,QuizI:Multiplechoice,2.Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity_sightmattersmorethanhearing.(2007天津)A.whenB.whoseC.whichD.where3.Wheredidyougettoknowher?Itwasonthefarm_weworked.(2007山东)A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where,4.Occasionsarequiterare_Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.(2008山东)A.whoB.whichC.whyD.when5.Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtoreaders_consumercomplaintshaveresultedinchangesinthelaw.(2008江西)A.whereB.whenC.whoD.which,6.Whatdoyouthinkofteaching,Bob?Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob_youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.(2009北京)A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that7.Shellneverforgetherstaythere_shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.(2009四川)A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when,8.StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanets_lifehasdevelopedgradually.(2010福建)A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose,9.Abankistheplace_theylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbeginstorain.(2011浙江)A.whenB.thatC.