非谓语动词 作定语.ppt

非谓语动词作定语,非谓语动词作定语,什么是定语？修饰名词或代词的成分。可放在名词或代词前，叫前置定语。放在名词或代词后，叫后置定语。,1.动词不定式todo作定语,常表示将来的动作。,Weneedsomestudents_(help)withwork.Thequestion_(discuss)atthemeetingisveryimportant.,tohelp,tobediscussed,2.动词不定式为不及物动词时，其后须加上适当的介词。,我正在找一间房子住。Iamlookingforaroomtolivein.2.我需要用一张写字用的纸。Ineedapieceofpapertowriteon.3.没什么可担心的。Thereisnothingtoworryabout.,1.Hewasthebestman_thejob.(do)2.Jimisalwaysthefirststudent_totheclassroom.(come)3.中心词前有序数词，形容词最高级或no,all,any修饰，且动词与中心词是主动关系，用todo做定语,todo,tocome,1.Doyouhavetheability_inEnglish?(read)2.Hisattempt_hisrelationshipwithhisclassmatessucceeded.(improve),toread,toimprove,4.被修饰的词是抽象名词时用不定式做定语，常见的有：ability,chance,idea,hope,wish,fact,excuse,promise,attempt,way等,Theability_(express)anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.,toexpress,二、分词作定语,adevelopingcountryadevelopedcountryboilingwaterboiledwaterfallingleavesfallenleaves,1.-ing作定语（动作正在进行）,1.-ed作定语(动作已完成),2、look/expression/voice,anexcitingvoiceanexcitedvoiceapuzzlingexpressionapuzzledexpression总结：v-ing表示“令人”v-ed表示“某人自己因为感到，对感到”,类似表达还有：surprised/surprisingshocked/shockingamazed/amazingastonished/astonishinginterested/interestingdepressed/depressingpleased/pleasingsatisfied/satisfyingbored/boringfrightened/frighteningembarrassed/embarrassingdisappointed/disappointingencouraged/encouraging,3.-ed分词作定语,Thebuilding_lastyearisourteachingbuilding.(build)Thebuilding_nextyearisourteachingbuilding.Thebuilding_atpresentisourteachingbuilding.,built,tobebuilt,beingbuilt,总结：1.动词和所修饰名词之间是被动关系，有三种形式done/tobedone/beingdone2.区别是：表达事情发生的时间不同,去年被建成的图书馆由他爸爸设计.现在正在被建的图书馆下个月就要被完工了.将要被建成的图书馆能容纳2000人.,Thelibrarybuiltlastyearwasdesignedbymyfather.,Thelibrarybeingbuiltnowwillbecompletednextmonth.,Thelibrarytobebuiltcanhold2000people.,语法填空-ed和-ing前的be动词Thehouse_(buy)3yearsago.Wearedecoratingthehouse_(buy)3yearsago.Look!Thegirl_(stand)besidethestreetlamp.Thegirl_(stand)besidethestreetlampismycousin.,主语,谓语动词,wasbought,非谓语动词,bought,isstanding,standing,5.Agreatnumberofhouses_(destroy)bytheearthquake.6.Theuniversity_(found)over100yearsagohasturnedoutlotsofexcellentstudents.7.Theboy_(listen)tothemusicwroteasonghimselflastyear.8.Thefirsttextbooks_(write)forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguage,wereproducedinthe16thcentury.,weredestroyed,founded,listening,written,TomakeOrderedturningmakingTocatchspentAbsorbedHavingworkedTolearnwondering,11.totalkusingRaisedaccompaniedstaringTofreeToworkTofindthrowinghavingcaught,非谓语动词作状语练习,HavingeatentotakeofferinghavingsetbathingTostayFoundedtowatchaskedUsed,Basing32.leaving33.Havingbeenasked,followingslidingcomparingleavingAmazedmakingJudgingmakingTaken,非谓语动词作宾语,下列动词后用什么动词形式1.mise7.pretend8.suggest9.imagine,doingtodotododoingdoingtododoingtodotododoingdoing,10.choose11.practise12.mind13.decide14.expect15.admit16.allow17.agree18.forbid19.escape20.offer,tododoingdoingtodotododoingdoingtododoingdoingtodo,一.作主语,饭后散步对我们的身体有好处.Walkingaftermealsisbeneficialtoourhealth.大声朗读对我们提高英语有帮助.ReadingaloudhelpsimproveourEnglish.,1)Seeingisbelieving.2)Tosavetimeistolengthenlife.,1.若句子的主语和表语都为非谓语动词，其形式要求一致。,一.作主语,Walkingaftermealsisbeneficialtoourhealth.Tofinishtheworkinonehourisimpossible.,习惯,抽象,泛指,具体,将来,特指,作主语的区别,Tocollectinformationisimportantforbusinessmen.Itisimportantforbusinessmentocollectinformation.,一.作主语,2.It作形式主语的情况.It+is/was+adj./n.+(for/ofsb.)todosth.,1）Itis/was,nouse/goodworth,+doingsth.,但是：,awasteoftime,fun,2)Thereisnosense(in)doing,做没有道理,Thereisnopoint(in)doing,做无意义,做这件傻事毫无意义。Thereisnopointdoingsuchasillything.,3)但是Thereisnoneedtodosth做没必要。,1).Itsnecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview._theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.A.TohavehadB.HavinghadC.HaveD.Having2).Infact_isahardjobforthepolicetokeeporderinanimportantmatch.A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it,D,D,我们都知道,喝太多咖啡是没有好处的.2.光想不做是没有用的.,Asweallknow,itisnogooddrinkingtoomuchcoffee.,Itisnousethinkingwithoutaction.,宾语,二.,2.作宾语不定式和动名词都可作动词或介词的宾语。有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如：want,manage,demand,promise,refuse,pretend,plan,offer,decide,agree,expect/hope/wish,choose,happen等。Idontwant_likeImspeakingillofanybody,butthemanagersplanisunfair.A.tosoundB.tobesoundedC.soundingD.tohavesounded,A,有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如：admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,forgive,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,resist,risk,suggest,deny.1)Icantstand_withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses_talkingwhilesheworks.A.working;stoppingB.towork;stoppingC.working;tostopD.towork;tostop2)Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldntrisk_thegoodopportunity.A.toloseB.losingC.tobelostD.beinglost,C,B,beusedto,leadto,devoteto,stickto,getdownto,payattentionto,cantstand,feellike,insiston,thankyoufor,bebusy,apologizefor,havedifficulty/trouble(in),haveagood/hard/wonderfultime(in),spendtime(in),wastetime(in),动名词常可用于下列词组后,1).Isntittimeyougotdownto_thepapers?A.markB.bemarkedC.beingmarkedD.marking但Ihavenochoicebut_(accept)thefact.Ihavenothingtodobut_(sleep).,D,toaccept,sleep,介词后一般接doing,1)有些动词后既可以跟todo，又可以跟doing作宾语，但意义上有区别。如forget,remember,regret,stop,try,mean,goon,canthelp等。1)Ifyouthinktreatingapersonwellmeansalways_hispermissionforthings,thinkagain.A.getsB.gotC.togetD.getting2)Whenaskedbythepolice,hesaidthatheremembered_attheparty,butnot_.A.toarrive;leavingB.toarrive;toleaveC.arriving;leavingD.arriving;toleave,D,C,Asthetwentiethcenturycametoaclose,therawmaterialsforagreatnationalliteraturewereathand,waiting_.A.touseB.tobeusedC.tohaveusedD.tobeusingAfterhebecameconscious,heremembered_and_ontheheadwitharod.A.toattack;hitB.tobeattacked;tobehitC.attacking;behitD.havingbeenattacked;hit,B,D,2)有些动词如begin,start,continue后既可以跟todo又可以跟doing作宾语，意义上无多大区别。Ibegintodo/doingthetask.3)love,like,hate,prefer后接doing表示经常性的行为；接todo表示具体的行为。1).Ilike_verymuch,butIdontlike_thisafternoon.A.swimming,swimmingB.toswim,toswimC.swimming,toswimD.toswim,swimming,C,2).LittleJimshouldlove_tothetheatrethiseveningA.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking但要注意:如果like,love,prefer前有would/should,后面则应该接todo,A,need，require，want“需要被做”doingtobedone,1)Yourwatchneedsrepairingtoberepaired.2)Thewindowsneedpaintingagaintobepaintedagain.,3.动名词的复合结构,动名词前由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。1）我姐姐病了，使我很担心。Mysistersbeingillmademeworried.2)他一到机场，就被影迷包围了。Onhisarrivingattheairport,hewassurroundedbythefans.,3).Victorapologizedfor_toinformmeofthechangeintheplan.A.hisbeingnotableB.himnottobeableC.hisnotbeingableD.himtobenotable,C,三.作宾语补足语感官动词使役动词with结构,Iheardher_(sing)anEnglishsongjustnow.Iheardher_(sing)anEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.IheardtheEnglishsong_(sing)manytimes.1.接动词原形时，表示动作发生的全过程；接现在分词时，表示动作正在发生或进行接过去分词时，表被动或完成。7看:see,lookat,watch,observe,notice,found,catch2听:hear,listento1感觉:feel1嗅觉:smell,sing,singing,sung,1.sb.be,seenwatchedheardfeltnoticed,+,todo,2.使役动词：1)make/let/have/getsbdo,Sb.bemade/let/had/gottodo,Pauldoesnthavetobemade_.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning,B,1.Iwonthaveyouworkingalltheday.2.Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.3.Shehaslefttheboycryingforalongtime.,2)have,keep,leavesb./sth.doing使持续做某事,1.Iwillhavemybikerepairedtomorrow.2.Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.3)have,keep,make,leave,get+n.+done使被做,1._pooratEnglish,ImafraidIcantmakemyself_.A.Tobe;understandB.Im;tounderstandC.Being;understandingD.Being;understood,D,2.Ihavehadmybike_,andImgoingtohavesomebody_myradiotomorrow.A.repair;torepairB.repairing;toberepairedC.repaired;repairD.torepair;repairing,C,3.Youmustgetthework_beforeFriday.A.doB.todoC.doingD.done,D,4._theroom,thenursefoundthetape-recorder_.A.Entering;stealingB.Entering;goneC.Tohaveentered;beingstolenD.Havingentered;tobestolen,B,5.Wearepleasedtoseetheproblem_soquickly.A.settledB.havingbeensettledC.besettledD.settling,A,6.Thedirectorhadherassistant_somehotdogsforthemeeting.pickeduppicksuppickuppickingup,C,Asisknowntousall,travelingis_,butweoftenfeel_whenwearebackfromtravels.A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tiringC.interesting;tiringD.interested;tired,表语,4.作表语我的计划是5年实现我的梦想.Myplanistorealizemydreamin5years.这场球赛很激动人心,我们都很激动.Thematchwasexcitingandwewereexcited.,Theywere_atthenews.(惊奇于）Heis_.(对神话故事有兴趣）We_.(为四川大地震而感到震惊）Thelittleboyswere_thelongspeech.(感到厌倦）,surprised,interestedinfairytales,wereshockedattheearthquakeinSichuan,tiredof,当他们的父亲发火时很恐怖.孩子们看见父亲发火很惊恐.Theirfatherwasfrighteningwhenhelosthistemper.Thechildrenbecamefrightenedwhentheysawhimlosingtemper.,InoticedMotheratanearbytableoccupybyanelderlywomanandayoungcouple.“Excuseme,”shesaid,putherarmaroundtheunhappyoldwoman.3.Faceallstrangethingsaroundme,Ioftenmissedmyoldfriendsandclassmates.4.Fromthedisappointinglookonhisface,weknowthathedidntpasstheexam.,1.非谓