Grammar 主谓一致(for use).ppt

主谓一致,Subject-VerbAgreement,Theboy_diving.,They_diving.,BothJackandTim_diving.,Allofthem_diving.,NeitherJacknorTim_walking.,is,are,are,is,are,Finishthefollowingexercises:,Noneofthem_walking,is/are,Neitherofthem_walking.,are/is,主谓一致的定义英语句子中，主语的“人称”和“数”要限制、决定谓语动词的形式变化，这就叫“主谓一致”关系。它通常依据三项原则：1）语法一致2）意义一致；3）就近一致,1.and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况：(1)如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候,谓语动词用复数。如：,语法一致,HeandI_bothstudentsofthisschool.,are,asingeranddancer,Thesingeranddancer_onthestage.,is,(2)如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物,或者指同一概念的时候,谓语要用单数。,Thegiftisusedtohavewesternmeals.Whatisit?,aknifeandfork,Aknifeandforkisusedtohavemeals.,2.如果主语是不定式，动词ing形式或主语从句的时候,谓语动词用单数。他正在做的事情看起来很重要。Whatheisdoingseemsveryimportant.收集邮票是他的爱好。Collectingstampsishishobby.Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.眼见为实。在定语从句中主语是关系代词who,that,which,谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。I,whoamyourteacher,willteachyoueverythingIknow.,3、当主语后面跟有aswellas,asmuchas,nolessthan,alongwith,with,like,ratherthan,togetherwith,but,except,besides,including等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数由主语的单、复数而定。就远原则,1.Theteacherwithtwostudents_atthemeeting.(was/were),2.E-mail,aswellasthetelephones,_animportantpartindailycommunication.,A.isplayingB.haveplayedC.areplayingD.play,was,A,Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveofferedNobodybutJane_thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown,4.用连接的并列主语被each,every,no或manyamorethanone,oneandahalf修饰时，谓语动词用单数，但主语是oneortwo+复数名词，其谓语用复数形式。,every.andevery.;each.andeach.;no.andno.中and连接的单数名词,整个短语在句中作主语时,谓语动词常使用单数。Eachmanandeachwomanisaskedtoattend.Manyaboyand(manya)girlhasmadethesamemistake.ThereareoneortwothingsIdliketoknowabout.,5.主语是a/this/thatkindof+名词，谓语动词用单数；若指的是多种，谓语动词用复数。Thiskindofclothfeelssoft.Therearedifferentkindsofanimals.6.主语是eachof,eitherof,oneof,neitherof等时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。他们每个人都有自己的职责。Eachofthemhashisowndudy.,概念一致原则,所谓概念一致原则是指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语的语法形式,而是其实际意义。有的主语名词在形式上是单数,但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数,但在意义上却是单数。1.不定代词all,most,some,any,none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。,Mostoftheapplesarerotten.Mostoftheapplewaseatenbyarat.,主谓一致,2.百分数(或分数)+of+可数名词单数(或不可数名词),谓语动词用单数;百分数(或分数)+of+复数名词,谓语动词用复数.如:,3.集合名词作主语,动词可用单数,也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时,动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public,family,class,crowd,population,team,group。,Thegroup_madeupofthreestudents.,Thegroup_dancinghappily.,is,are,Theteam_somegoodplayers.(have)Theteam_handsome.(be),has,are,4.某些名词如people,police,cattle等,形式上是单数,但意义上是复数,谓语动词应用复数。Thepolicearesearchingforathief.Thecattleareeatinggrassonthehill.,5.复合不定代词作主语,谓语动词要用单数，如someone,somebody,something,anybody,anyone,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing。Someoneisaskingforyou.有人找你。Nothingisfoundintheroom.在屋子里什么也没找到。,主谓一致,6.名词如:trousers,scissors(剪刀),clothes,goods,glasses,shoes,socks,gloves等时，谓语用复数。但这类表示成双的东西的名词前有apairof修饰时，谓语用单数。Mytrousersarebeingwashednow.Thereisapairofshoesinthebox.,主谓一致,7.形复意单名词如:news;以ics结尾的学科名称如:physics,mathematics;国名如:theUnitedStates;报纸名如:theNewTimes;书名如:ArabianNights;以及theUnitedNations等作主语;谓语动词要用单数.如:,注意：书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。Thirtyyearsisnotalongtime.RootsisafamousAmericannovel.,8.如果主语由“the+形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数;这类词有:thebrave,thepoor,therich,theblind,theyoung,theold,thesick,thedead,thedeafanddumb等,就近一致,主谓一致,1.由here,there,where引导的倒装句中,(有时主语不止一个时),谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.,就近一致,2.用连词or,eitheror,neithernor,notonlybutalso等连接的并列主语,谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如:,NeitheryounorI_wrong.There_acupofteaandsomeapplesonthetable.,am,is,3.就后一致:(即谓语动词与后面的中心词一致)+名词作主语时，谓语动词取决于后面名词的数1.Onethirdofthestudentsinourclass_girls.2.Seventypercentofthesurfaceoftheearth_coveredwith/bywater.,分数+of;百分数+ofsomeof;partof;halfof;mostof;therestof;.,-,are,-,is,-,主谓一致考点,(高考资源网),1.a.Whatweneedbadly_moretime.b.Whatweneednow_moresheep.areB.is2.a.Such_ourplanforthefuture.b.Such_hiswordsthathetoldus.areB.is3.a.One-thirdofthedeer_lostlastnight.b.One-thirdofthefish_eatenupbyhim.wereB.was,B,A,B,A,A,B,(高考资源网),4.a.Thesteelworks_acrossthestreet.b.Plentyofworks_translatedintomanylanguages.areB.is5.a.Thesingeranddancer_comingtoourfactory.b.Thesingerandthedancer_comingtoourfactory.areB.is,B,A,A,B,(高考资源网),6.a.Manystudents_interestedinforeignfilms.b.Manyastudent_interestedinforeignfilms.areB.is7.a.Aknifeandfork_onthetable.b.Aknifeandafork_onthetable.areB.is8.a.Here_apairofglasses.b.Herglasses_onthebookcase.areB.is,B,A,A,B,B,A,(高考资源网),9.a.There_apennyandsometicketsinhispocket.b.There_someticketsandapennyinhispocket.isB.are10.a.Thepopulationofthatarea_farmers.b.Thepopulationofthatarea_increasingveryfast.isB.are,B,A,A,B,(高考资源网),11.a.Anumberofgirlsinourcompany_fondofsurfingtheInternet.b.Thenumberofgirlsinourcompany_nearlytwenty.areB.is12.a.Who_nextdoor?ItsLinda.b.Who_nextdoor?ItsLindaandLucy.A.liveB.lives,B,A,A,B,(高考资源网),13.a.NotonlytheplanetsbutalsotheEarth_aroundtheSun.b.NotonlytheEarthbutalsotheplanets_aroundtheSun.moveB.moves14.a.Thiskindofcartoon_wellinthebookstore.b.Cartoonsofthiskind_wellinthebookstore.A.sellsB.sell,B,A,A,B,(高考资源网),15.a.Eachofthem_lightmusicandcountrymusic.b.Theyeach_lightmusicandcountrymusic.enjoyB.enjoys16.a.Annisoneofthegirlswho_failedinthedrivingtest.b.Annistheonlyoneofgirlswho_failedinthedrivingtest.A.hasB.have,B,A,A,B,(高考资源网),17.a.Part/Halfofthework_beendone.b.Part/Halfoftheworkers_beenthere.A.hasB.have18.a.Theold_takinggoodcareofinourcountry.b.Theoldman_takinggoodcareofinourfamily.A.requiresB.require,B,A,A,B,(高考资源网),19.a.Nowthatall_beenthere,letschangetoanotherplace.b.Allthatshouldbedone_beendone.haveB.has20.a.Mr.LiorI_goingtoattendthemeetingtomorrow.b.BothMr.LiandI_goingtoattendthemeetingtomorrow.areB.am,B,A,A,B,(高考资源网),21.a.Theshoes/pantsontheladder_mine.b.Thispairofshoes/pantsontheladder_his.is;areB.is;isC.are;isD.are;are22.a.TheChinesepeople_braveandhard-working.b.TheChinese_abraveandhard-workingpeople.are;areB.is;isC.is;areD.are;is,(高考资源网),23.a.Thepolice_searchingfortheprisonereverywhere.b.Thepoliceman_searchingfortheprisonereverywhere.was;wasB.hasbeen;hasbeenC.were;wasD.were;were24.a.Herfamily_muchlargerthanmine.b.Herfamily_watchingTVwhenIcamein.was;wasB.were;wereC.were;wasD.was;were,(高考资源网),25.a.Largequantitiesofcotton_shippedallovertheworld.b.Alargequantityofbamboo_usedaspipestocarrywater.hasbeen;areB.hasbeen;isC.havebeen;isD.havebeen;are26.a.Whereandwhentogotravelling_notbeendecidedyet.b.Wheretogotravellingandwhentocomebackhome_notbeendecidedyet.A.has;haveB.have;has,Tomisoneoftheworkerswho_firedbythecompanylastweek.Tomistheonlyoneoftheworkerswho_firedbythecompanylastweek.Alargequantityofwater_wastedeveryyear.Largequantitiesofwater_wastedeveryyear.,were,was,is,are,1Oneortwodays_enoughtoseethecityAisBareCamDbe2NeithermywifenorImyself_abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermindAisBareCamDbe,Exercises:,3NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranot