综合教程_B4_何兆熊_Unit8_The_discuss_thrower_最新ppt课件

Unit8,Watchthevideoandanswerthefollowingquestions.,1.WhatisMrs.Gumpsattitudetowarddeath?,Pre-readingActivities-Audiovisualsupplement1,Sheseemsquitepeacefulinfaceofherowndeath.Sheseemstoacceptdeathassomethingsheisdestinedtodo.,Thisisprobablybecauseshethinksshehaslivedasatisfactorylife.Shebelievesthatdeathisapartoflife,somethingoneisdestinedtodo.Sheassumesthatshehasdonethebestshecouldtobeagoodwoman.,2.Whydoesshehavesuchanattitude?,Audiovisualsupplement,Culturalinformation,Pre-readingActivities-Audiovisualsupplement2,FromForrestGump,Audiovisualsupplement,Culturalinformation,Forrest:WheresMomma?Blackwoman:Shesupstairs.MrsGump:Hah,Forrest!Doctor:Illseeyoutomorrow.MrsGump:Fine.Doctor:Suregotyoustraightenedout,didntweboy?Forrest:Whatsthematter,Momma?Mrs.Gump:Imdyin,Forrest.Comeonin,sitdownoverhere.Forrest:Whyareyoudyin,Momma?Mrs.Gump:Itsmytime.Itsjustmytime.Oh,now,dontyoubeafraid,sweetheart.Deathisjustapartoflife.Itssomethingwerealldestinedtodo.Ididntknowit,butIwasdestinedtobeyourmomma.IdidthebestIcould.,VideoScript1,Audiovisualsupplement,Culturalinformation,VideoScript2,Forrest:Youdidgood,Momma.Mrs.Gump:Well,Ihappenedtobelieveyoumakeyourowndestiny.YouhavetodothebestwithwhatGodgaveyou.Forrest:Whatsmydestiny,Momma?Mrs.Gump:Youregonnahavetofigurethatoutforyourself.Lifeisaboxofchocolates,Forrest.Youneverknowwhatyouregonnaget.Forrest(V.O.):MommaalwayshadawayofexplainingthingssoIcouldunderstandthem.Mrs.Gump:Iwillmissyou,Forrest.Forrest(V.O.):ShehadgotthecanceranddiedonaTuesday.Iboughtheranewhatwithlittleflowersonit.,Audiovisualsupplement,Culturalinformation,VideoScript3,(EXT.BUSSTOPPRESENTTheelderlywomanandForrestsit.Thewomaniscryingandwipeshereyeswithahankie.)Forrest:AndthatsallIhavetosayaboutthat.Didntyousayyouwerewaitingforthenumber7bus?Elderlywoman:Therellbeanotheronealongshortly.Forrest:Now,becauseIhadbeenafootballstarandwarheroandnationalcelebrityandashrimping.,Audiovisualsupplement,Culturalinformation,ThePsychologicalAspectsofAmputation,Culturalinformation1,Regardlessofthecauseoftheamputation,anamputeewillprobablygothroughbasicallythesamepsychologicalstages.Somemaygothroughthegrievingprocessinashorttime,whileotherswillsufferseveralmonths.However,itisimportantthatoneacknowledgeandunderstandtheprocessasheisgoingthrougheachstage,foritpossiblyhelpshimtosurvivepsychologically.,Audiovisualsupplement,Culturalinformation,1.TheFiveStagesoftheGrievingProcess,Culturalinformation2,DenialPeoplewhogothroughtraumaticamputationsusuallyexperienceDenial,butnormallythosewhohavehadsurgicalamputationswillnotexperienceit.AngerOftenpeoplewillblameGod,thedoctor,orothersfortheirloss.,Audiovisualsupplement,Culturalinformation,BargainingInthisstage,patientsmayattempttopostponetherealityofamputation,andmostpatientswilltrytobargainwiththeirdoctororthroughahigherauthoritysuchasareligiousfigure.DepressionInthisstage,angeristakenplacebydepression.Thisisprobablythemostcomplicatedstageofgrief,butittoowilldisappear.Commonsymptomsincludesleepingeithertoomuchortoolittle,negativefeelingsabouttheenvironmentandthefuture,feelingsofhopelessness,andtalkingaboutdeath.,Culturalinformation3,Audiovisualsupplement,Culturalinformation,AcceptanceandHopeEventually,theamputeewillcometotermswithhislossandstartlivingagain.Thisismoreeasilyachievedifhehasavisitfromapeercounselorwhohasbeenthroughthisentireprocessandcangivehimsomeadvice.,Culturalinformation4,Audiovisualsupplement,Culturalinformation,2.ComplicatedGriefComplicatedgriefisnotcommoninamputeepatients,howeveritssymptomsaremoreharmful,whichincludesevereisolation,violentbehavior,suicidalideation,workaholicbehavior,severeorprolongeddepression,nightmares,andavoidingremindersoftheamputation.Itisurgentfortheamputeeswiththesesymptomstoseekappropriateprofessionalmedicaltreatment.,Culturalinformation5,Audiovisualsupplement,Culturalinformation,Structuralanalysis1,Thistextisapieceofchronologicalnarrationaboutanamputee,adifficultandonlysemi-communicativepatientwhoflounderedinhislastdaysinagonyanddepressionandeventuallydied.Thetextcanbedividedintothreeparts:,PartI,(Paragraph1):Thispartservesasanintroductiontothebackgroundofthestory.,PartII,(Paragraphs213):Thispartdescribesthestrangebehaviorofaparticularpatientdubbedthe“discusthrower”andhisconflictwithhealthworkers.,Rhetoricalfeatures,Structuralanalysis,Structuralanalysis2,PartIII,(Paragraph1415):Thelastparttellsthereadersaboutthepatientsdeath.,Thisnarrationalsoposesinterestingchallenges:whattothinkofthisman,howtounderstandhim,andhowtotreathim?Clearlythemansenigmaticspeechandactionaresayingsomething,andSelzersuggeststhatfewarelistening.Thestoryoffersnoanswer,butitsuggeststhatthekindofsympathythenarratordevelopsthroughwatchingthepatient(thoughnotexpressed)isagoodstart.Thepatientsprovocativebehaviorandthestorysopennessmakeitagoodpointofdepartureforadiscussion.,Rhetoricalfeatures,Structuralanalysis,1.Oughtnotadoctortoobservehispatientsbyanymeansandfromanystancethathemighttakeforthemorefullyassembleevidence?(Paragraph1)2.Ishemuteaswellasblind?(Paragraph3)3.Whatishethinkingbehindthoselidsthatdonotblink?Isherememberingatimewhenhewaswhole?Doeshedreamoffeet?Orwhenhisbodywasnotarottinglog?(Paragraph6),RhetoricalFeatures1,Anotablefeatureofthistextistheextensiveuseofquestionsonthepartofthenarrator.Heasksquestionsinhisdialoguewiththepatient,andhealsoaskshimselfquestions.,Firstlookatthequestionsheaskshimself:Forexample:,Rhetoricalfeatures,Structuralanalysis,RhetoricalFeatures2,Thesequestionscallfornoanswerbuttheyrevealtheinnerthoughtsofthenarrator.Heseemstobetryingtoplacehimselfinthepositionofthepatienttofeelabetterunderstandingofthepatientspsychology.Nowlookatthequestionsheasksinhisdialoguewiththepatient:Forexample:1.Howareyou?(Paragraph5)2.Howdoyoufeel?(Paragraph5)3.AnythingmoreIcandoforyou?(Paragraph7)Allthesequestionshelptoshowthatthedoctorisverypatientwithand,responsibleforhispatient.,Rhetoricalfeatures,Structuralanalysis,RhetoricalFeatures3,Practice:Studythetextandpickoutotherquestionsheasks,andseehowthesequestionshelprevealhisattitudetowardsthepatient.,Rhetoricalfeatures,Structuralanalysis,THEDISCUSTHROWERRichardSelzer1Ispyonmypatients.Oughtnotadoctortoobservehispatientsbyanymeansandfromanystance.thathemightthemorefullyassembleevidence?SoIstandinthedoorwaysofhospitalroomsandgaze.Oh,itisnotallthatfurtiveanact.Thoseinbedneedonlylookuptodiscoverme.Buttheyneverdo.,Detailedreading1,Detailedreading,Detailedreading2,2FromthedoorwayofRoom542themaninthebedseemsdeeplytanned.Blueeyesandclose-croppedwhitehairgivehimtheappearanceofvigorandgoodhealth.ButIknowthathisskinisnotbrownfromthesun.Itisrusted,rather,inthelaststageofcontainingthevilereposewithin.Andtheblueeyesarefrosted,lookinginwardlikethewindowsofasnowboundcottage.Thismanisblind.Thismanisalsoleglesstherightlegmissingfrommidthighdown,theleftfromjustbelowtheknee.Itgiveshimthelookofabonsai,rootsandbranchesprunedintothedwarfedfacsimileofagreattree.,Detailedreading,Detailedreading3-4,3Proppedonpillows,hecupshisrightthighinbothhands.Nowandthenheshakeshisheadasthoughacknowledgingtheintensityofhissuffering.Inallofthishemakesnosound.Ishemuteaswellasblind?4Theroominwhichhedwellsisemptyofallpossessionsnoget-wellcards,small,privatecachesoffood,day-oldflowers,slippers,alltheusualkickshawsofthesickroom.Thereisonlythebed,achair,anightstand,andatrayonwheelsthatcanbeswungacrosshislapformeals.,Detailedreading,5“Whattimeisit?”heasks.“Threeoclock.”“Morningorafternoon?”“Afternoon.”Heissilent.Thereisnothingelsehewantstoknow.“Howareyou?”Isay.“Whoareyou?”heasks.“Itsthedoctor.Howdoyoufeel?”Hedoesnotanswerrightaway.“Feel?”hesays.“Ihopeyoufeelbetter,”Isay.Ipressthebuttonatthesideofthebed.“Downyougo,”Isay.“Yes,down,”hesays.,Detailedreading5,Detailedreading,Detailedreading6,6Hefallsbackuponthebedawkwardly.Hisstumps,unweightedbylegsandfeet,riseintheair,presentingthemselves.Iunwrapthebandagesfromthestumps,andbegintocutawaytheblackscabsandthedead,glazedfatwithscissorsandforceps.Ashardofwhitebonecomesloose.Ipickitaway.Iwashthewoundswithdisinfectantandredressthestumps.Allthiswhile,hedoesnotspeak.Whatishethinkingbehindthoselidsthatdonotblink?Isherememberingatimewhenhewaswhole?Doeshedreamoffeet?Orwhenhisbodywasnotarottinglog?,Detailedreading,7Heliessolidandinert.Inspiteofeverything,heremainsimpressive,asthoughhewereasailorstandingathwartaslantingdeck.“AnythingmoreIcandoforyou?”Iask.Foralongmomentheissilent.“Yes,”hesaysatlastandwithouttheleastirony.“Youcanbringmeapairofshoes.”Inthecorridor,theheadnurseiswaitingforme.“Wehavetodosomethingabouthim,”shesays.“Everymorningheordersscrambledeggsforbreakfast,and,insteadofeatingthem,hepicksuptheplateandthrowsitagainstthewall.”,Detailedreading7.1,Detailedreading,Detailedreading7.2-8,“Throwshisplate?”“Nasty.Thatswhatheis.Nowonderhisfamilydoesntcometovisit.Theyprobablycantstandhimanymorethanwecan.”Sheiswaitingformetodosomething.“Well?”“Wellsee,”Isay.8ThenextmorningIamwaitinginthecorridorwhenthekitchendelivershisbreakfast.Iwatchtheaideplacethetrayonthestandandswingitacrosshislap.Shepressesthebuttontoraisetheheadofthebed.Thensheleaves.,Detailedreading,Detailedreading9-10,9Intimethemanreachestofindtherimofthetray,thenontofindthedomeofthecovereddish.Heliftsoffthecoverandplacesitonthestand.Hefingersacrosstheplateuntilheprobestheeggs.Heliftstheplateinbothhands,setsitonthepalmofhisrighthand,centersit,balancesit.Heheftsitupanddownslightly,gettingthefeelonit.Abruptly,hedrawsbackhisrightarmasfarashecan.10Thereisthecrackoftheplatebreakingagainstthewallatthefootofhisbedandthesmallwetsoundofthescrambledeggsdroppingtothefloor.,Detailedreading,11Andthenhelaughs.Itisasoundyouhaveneverheard.Itissomethingnewunderthesun.Itcouldcurecancer.Outinthecorridor,theeyesoftheheadnursenarrow.“Laughed,didhe?”Shewritessomethingdownonherclipboard.12Asecondaidearrives,bringsasecondbreakfasttray,putsitonthenightstand,outofhisreach.Shelooksoveratmeshakingherheadandmakinghermouthgo.Iseethatwearetobeaccomplices.,Detailedreading11-12,Detailedreading,Detailedreading13,13“Ivegottofeedyou,”shesaystotheman.“Oh,no,youdont,”themansays.“Oh,yes,Ido,”theaidesays,“afterthewayyoujustdid.Nursesaysso.”“Getmemyshoes,”themansays.“Herestheoatmeal,”theaidesays.“Open.”Andshetouchesthespoontohislowerlip.“Iorderedscrambledeggs,”saystheman.“Thatsright,”theaidesays.Istepforward.“IsthereanythingIcando?”Isay.“Whoareyou?”themanasks.,Detailedreading,Detailedreading14-15,14IntheeveningIgooncemoretothatwardtomakemyrounds.TheheadnursereportstomethatRoom542isdeceased.Shehasdiscoveredthisbyaccident,shesays.No,therehadbeennosound.Nothing.Itsablessing,shesays.15Igointohisroom,aspylookingforsecrets.Heisstillthereinhisbed.Hisfaceisrelaxed,grave,dignified.Afterawhile,Iturntoleave.Mygazesweepsthewallatthefootofthebed,andIseetheplacewhereithasbeenrepeatedlywashed,wherethewalllooksverycleanandwhite.,Detailedreading,Detailedreading1-Question,Doesthedoctorfeelguiltyofspyingonhispatients?Whyorwhynot?(Paragraph1),No,hedoesnt.Instead,hefindstheactivityjustifiable.Foronething,hethinkstheactivityiswell-meant,i.e.hewantstocollectmorepathologicalevidenceinordertogivethepatientsmoreeffectivetreatment.Foranother,hisactivityisnotspyinginthetruesense,fortheactisfarfromfurtive.,Detailedreading,Detailedreading4-Question,HowwouldyouaccountforthepossessionsinRoom542?(Paragraph4),Thefactthattherearenoget-wellcards,nosmall,privatecachesoffoodandday-oldflowersshowsthathehasbeenabandonedbyhisfamilyandfriends.,Detailedreading,Detailedreading7-Question,Whydoesthepatientaskforshoestimeandagain?(Paragraphs7),Asablindman,heisrestrainedinactivity.Nowwithoutlegsheiscompletelyconfinedtobed.Likeacagedbird,helongsforfreedomanddreamsofgoingbacktohiscareer.Thusitisunderstandablewhyherepeatedlyasksforshoes.,Detailedreading,Detailedreading9-10-Question,Whydoesthepatientthrowhisplate?(Paragraphs910),Thisisthewayheexpresseshiswrathwiththeunfairfate.Heisdeprivedofsightandnowhislegs.Desertedbysociety,heisleftwithverylittle.Indignantasheis,hecanavengehimselfuponnobody.Whathecandoisonlytocrashhisplateagainstthewalltoventhisangeranddespair.Moreover,hewouldratherdieinastrokeliketheplatethanlingerinagony.,Detailedreading,Detailedreading11-Question,Whatkindoflaughterdoesthepatientgive?(Paragraph11),ThelaughterisuniqueasisindicatedinParagraph11.Itcomesbothfromthepleasureafterrevengebycrashingtheplateandthehopetoextricatehimselffromhisagonybymeansofanabruptdeathliketheplate.Sincefreedominthismaterialworldisimpossibletohim,hewishestohaveitintheotherworld.,Detailedreading,Detailedreading8Activity,GroupdiscussionsHowdoyouthinkadyingmanwillmostprobablybehave?Shouldeuthanasia(physician-assistedsuicide)belegalized?,Detailedreading,TheUSgovernmentthemovementsoftheterroristssince9.11.,Translation:,公司派他去侦查竞争对手的销售实力。,Thecompanysenthimtospyonthecompetitorssalesforce.,_,Collocations:,spyon:secretlyorfurtivelyobservesb.orsth.,e.g.,Thechildrenlovedspyingonthegrownups.,Blankfilling:,hasbeenspyingon,_,Detailedreading1spy,spy:v.notice,Detailedreading,Detailedreading1stance,stance:n.anattitudeorviewaboutanissuethatyoustateclearly,Collocations:,stanceon/toward/against,e.g.,Telluswhatyourstanceisoncapitalpunishment.,Detailedreading,e.g.,Paulheardstealthyfootstepsonthestairs.,Detailedreading1furtive1,furtive:a.doneontheslyorinasneakyway,Synonym:,secret,stealthy,covert,clandestine,surreptitious,underhand,e.g.,Thethiefgaveafurtiveglanceatthedefenseattorneywhenthejudgereadthecharges.,Comparison:,Secretisthemostgeneral.,e.g.,adeskwithasecretcompartment;secretnegotiations,Stealthysuggestsquiet,cautiousdeceptivenessintendedtoescapenotice.,Detailedreading,Detailedreading1furtive2,Detailedreading,Covertdescribessomethingthatisconcealedordisguised.,e.g.,Everymeasure,bothovertandcovert,isbeingtakenagainstterrorists.,Clandestine(a.shoreup,e.g.,Trytopropupthetentwiththebranchfromthetree.Hecantalwaysexpecthiscolleaguestoprophimup.topropupanewregime扶植一个新政权,Detailedreading,Detailedreading3cup,cup:v.supportorholdsth.withthehandsthatarecurvedlikeadish,e.g.,Hecuppedherchininthepalmofhishand.,Makeasentencewiththefollowingkeywords:kneel,cup,hand,riverwater.,Davidknelt,cuppedhishandsandsplashedriverwaterontohisface.,_,Detailedreading,Detailedreading3swing,swing:v.(swung,swung)movesth.fromsidetoside,e.g.,Alargependulumswungbackandforthinsidethegrandfatherclock.Hismoodswingsbetweenelationanddespair.,Detailedreading,Detailedreading9probe,probe:v.physicallyexploreorexaminesth.withthehandsoraninstrument,e.g.,Detectivesquestionedhimforhours,probingforanyinconsistenciesinhisstory.,Collocations:,probein/into,e.g.,TheofficialenquirywillprobeintoallegedcorruptionwithintheDefenceMinistry.Theyprobedin/intothemudwithaspecialdrill,lookingforalong-buriedshipwreck.,Detailedreading,Detailedreading9heft,heft:v.liftorholdsth.inordertotestitsweight,e.g.,Iwatchedhimhefttheheavysackontohisshoulder.,Detailedreading,Detailedreading12accomplice,accomplice:n.sb.whohelpsanotherpersontodosth.illegalorwrong,e.g.,Heissuspectedasanaccompliceofthemurder.,Derivation:,complicity:n.(formal)theactoftakingpartwithanotherpersoninacrime,e.g.,complicityinacrime,Confusingwords:,accomplice,accomplish,Detailedreading,Detailedreading14go/makeonerounds,go/makeonesrounds:(1)delivermaildoortodoor;goround(esp.ahospitalward);inspect,e.g.,make/gotheroundsofthewards（医院）查房,e.g.,aparagraphgoingtheroundsofvariousjournals转载在各种杂志上的一段文章Warrumorsaregoingtherounds.有关战争的谣言正在流传。,(2)spread,Detailedreading,Detailedreading14deseased,deceased:a.dead,e.g.,flowersonthegraveofdeceasedrelatives,e.g.,Thedeceasedwasahighlyrespectedmemberofthefarmingcommunity.,Confusingwords:,deceased,diseased,thedeseased:(formalandlegal)person(s)whohas(have)recentlydied,Detailedreading,Detailedreading5p5,“Yes,down,”hesays.(Paragraph5),Explanation:,“Yes,Iamgoingdown,”hesays,meaningliterallythatheisgoingdownwiththebedbutmetaphoricallythathisphysicalconditionisgoingfrombadtoworse.,Detailedreading,Detailedreading11p11,Itisasoundyouhaveneverheard.Itissomethingnewunderthesun.Itcouldcurecancer.(Paragraph11),Paraphrase:,Thewild,relaxedlaughterisatotallynewsoundintheworldthatnobodyhaseverheard.Thejoyfullaughtercouldevengiveapromisingfuturetocancerpatients.,Detailedreading,Detailedreading12p12,Shelooksoveratmeshakingherheadandmakinghermouthgo.(Paragraph12),Paraphrase:,Theaidelooksacrossatme,shakingherheadtoexpressherfrustrationandpursingherlipstosignalherannoyance.,Detailedreading,ConsolidationActivities-Vocabularymain,Wordsandphrasespractice,Wordderivation,Synonym/Antonym,Vocabulary,Translation,Integratedskills,Oralactivities,Writing,Grammar,ConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.1,1)peculiara.peculiarityn.,e.g.,这是18世纪特有的风俗。诗人的特别之处在于他有表达自己感受的冲动。,Thisisastylepeculiartothe18thcentury.,Apoetspeculiarityisthathehastheimpulsetoexpresswhathefeels.,Vocabulary,Translation,Integratedskills,Oralactivities,Writing,Grammar,Imsurprisedthatyougotanunfavourableimpressionofhim.,ConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.2,2)impressv.impressivea.impressionn.,e.g.,我使他铭记自己工作的重要性。他们的婚礼令人印象深刻。我很惊讶你对他印象不佳。,Iimpressedonhimtheimportanceofhiswork.,Theirweddingceremonywasimpressive.,Vocabulary,Translation,Integratedskills,Oralactivities,Writing,Grammar,HowcanIknowwheretofindhim?Ihaventevenbeentohisdwelling!,ConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.3,3)dwellv.dewellern.dewellingn.,e.g.,自出生以来他就居住在那个小村舍。对城市居住者来说交通是一大问题。我怎可能知道去哪里找他？我甚至都没去过他的住处!,Hehasdwelledinthecottagesincehewasborn.,Forcitydwellers,trafficisabigproblem.,Vocabulary,Translation,Integratedskills,Oralactivities,Writing,Grammar,ConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.4,4)deliverv.deliveryn.,e.g.,你把我的口信带给你父亲了吗？我们保证送货及时。,Didyoudelivermymessagetoyourfather?,Weguaranteepromptdeliveryofgoods.,Vocabulary,Translation,Integratedskills,Oralactivities,Writing,Grammar,Itmayalsodoharmtohealthtoabusedisinfectant.,ConsolidationActivities-Wordderivation1.5,5)disinfectv.disinfectionn.disinfectantn.,e.g.,汤姆患过猩红