Unit 15 名词性从句

名词性从句,名词性从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词，因此这四种从句统称为名词性从句。名词性从句的语序：连词（连接代词、连接副词）+主语+谓语,1.主语从句功能：在复合句中充当主句的主语。位置：通常位于句首。引导词：连词that,whether;连接代词who,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why等。说明：当主语从句较长时，通常用形式主语it来替换主语从句，而把从句放在句末。eg)WhetherwewillvisittheGreatWalltomorrowhasnotbeendecided.=IthasnotbeendecidedwhetherwewillvisittheGreatWalltomorrow.,2.宾语从句功能：在复合句中充当动词或介词的宾语。位置：位于及物动词或介词后面。引导词：连词that,whether,if;连接代词who,whose,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why等。eg)1.Canyouimaginewhatwillhappennext?2.Whetherwewillsucceeddependsonhowwemakeuseofourtime.,3.表语从句功能：在复合句中充当主句的表语。位置：位于系动词后面。引导词：连词that,whether,asif;连接代词who,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why等。eg)1.Thequestioniswhywemustdoit.2.Itlooksasifitsgoingtorain.,4.同位语从句功能：在复合句中起同位语的作用。位置：位于某些名词（如fact,idea,news,promise等）的后面。引导词：连词that,whether;连接代词who,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why等。eg)1.ThewholecountrywasexcitedatthenewsthattheirfootballteamhadwontheWorldCup.2.Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.,名词性从句的主要考点1.what与that引导名词性从句的区别2.if与whether引导名词性从句的区别3.that与whether引导名词性从句的区别4.who与whoever引导名词性从句的区别5.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别,1.what与that引导名词性从句的区别what在所引导的名词性从句中要充当句子成分(通常作主语和宾语,有时也作表语);that在所引导的名词性从句中不充当句子成分。eg)1.Whathedoesisquitedifferentfromwhathesays.2.Heisnolongerwhathewastenyearsago.3.Itsapitythatyoudidntturnupatthepartylastnight.,2.if与whether引导名词性从句的区别if与whether所引导的从句在充当及物动词的宾语时，通常可以互换。如：Idontknowif/whetherhewillcometomorrow.但在下面三种情况中一般不用if引导名词性从句。1）引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时；2）引导的从句充当介词宾语时；3）与or或ornot连用时。eg)1.Thequestioniswhethertheycancontinuedoinglikethat.2.Itmakesnodifferencewhetherhewillcomeornot.,3.that与whether引导名词性从句的区别that在引导名词性从句时，表示确定的情况；whether在引导名词性从句时，表示不确定的情况。eg)1.Thereisnodoubtthattheywillwinthegame.2.Thereisstillsomedoubtwhethertheywillwinthegame.,4.who与whoever引导名词性从句的区别who引导的名词性从句指一件事，whoever引导的名词性从句指人。eg)1.Whowillattendthemeetinghasnotbeendecidedyet.2.Whoeverwillattendthemeetingpleasesignyournameintheform.=Thosewhowillattendthemeetingpleasesignyournamesintheform.,5.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别that在所引导的名词性从句中不充当句子成分；而在所引导的定语从句中要充当句子成分。eg)1.HaveyouheardthenewsthatanotheroilfieldwasfoundinChina?（同位语从句）2.Haveyouheardthenewsthat/whichwasbroadcastontheradiojustnow?（定语从句）,1.Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate_theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who2.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas_wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.A.whereB.howC.whenD.why,C,C,3.Whenasked_theyneededmost,thekidssaidtheywantedtofeelimportantandloved.A.whatB.whyC.whomD.which4.TomorrowisTomsbirthday.Haveyougotanyidea_thepartyistobeheld?A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where,A,D,5.PeopleinChongqingareproudof_theyhaveachievedinthepasttenyears.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how6.Somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfrom_theirparentsspeakathome.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.one,C,A,7._isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which8._wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.As,B,C,1.CouldIspeakto_isinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?A.whoB.whatC.whoeverD.whatever2.Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstosee_itgotanybetter.A.whenB.howC.whyD.if,C,D,3.Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodo_ittakestosaveherlife.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoever4.Thehow-tobookcanbeofhelpto_wantstodothejob.A.whoB.whomeverC.nomatterwhoD.whoever,C,D,5.Weshouldconsiderthestudentsrequest_theschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where6.Agoodfriendofminefrom_IwasbornshowedupatmyhomerightbeforeIleftforBeijing.A.howB.whomC.whenD.which,A,C,7.Itisobvioustothestudents_theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that8.ManyyoungpeopleintheWestareexpectedtoleave_couldbelifesmostimportantdecision-marriage-almostentirelyuptoluck.A.asB.thatC.whichD.what,D,D,9.-Isthereanypossibility_youcouldpickmeupattheairport?-Noproblem.A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.what10.Newscamefromtheschooloffice_WangLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where,B,C,11.Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists_theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.though,C,1.Wehaventdiscussedyet_wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where2.-Haveyoufinishedthebook?-No,Ivereadupto_thechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where,D,D,3.Toimprovethequalityofourproducts,weaskedforsuggestions_hadusedtheproducts.A.whoeverB.whoC.whicheverD.which4.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew_shewassoangry.A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why,A,D,5.Asanewgraduate,hedoesntknow_ittakestostartabusinesshere.A.howB.whatC.whenD.which6.Iwanttobelikedandlovedfor_Iaminside.A.whoB.whereC.whatD.how,B,C,7.PartofthereasonCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel,DavidCopperfield,was_itwasrathercloselymodeledonhisownlife.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether8._somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.A.WhetherB.WhatC.ThatD.How,B,B,9.Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistof_mykidswillneedforthecomingseason.A.whyB.whatC.howD.which10.Weshouldrespectfoodandthinkaboutthepeoplewhodonthave_wehavehereandtreatfoodnicely.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether,B,C,11.Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravellingdependslargelyon_hegoeswith,whetherhisfriendsorrelatives.A.whatB.whoC.howD.why12.Itneveroccurredtome_youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.A.whichB.whatC.t