高三英语第一轮题型专题复习课件

高考英语语法专题复习,01完形填空,一、考纲要求与说明,完形填空题型考查考生语篇中灵活运用语言知识的能力。这种题型既可以测试词汇、句法等语言方面的知识，又可以考查学生的理解、联想、判断、推理等方面的思维能力，具有较强的区分度，对考生的能力要求较高。,二、完形填空的命题原理,一篇文章有其主题思想，篇章结构，行文逻辑关系及语言特色，即使挖去一些词语，仍可通过对剩余部分的内容所作的分析与判断，准确推知空去的词语。,三、NMET完形填空试题特点,1、所选文章题材广泛如日常生活、文史知识、科技小品、政治经济、人物、社会、故事等，体裁主要是记叙文说明文甚至于夹叙夹议。但总的看来，所选文章行文结构紧凑层次分明，逻辑性强，难度稍低于阅读理解。,2、文章长度一般300词左右，空距15词左右；选项为单个词汇为主，词汇考查以信息词汇为主（如名词、动词、形容词、副词等）尤其以动词和名词为主，文章第一句往往不挖空，保留提示句。,3、难度逐年稳步增加：一、NMET完形填空立足语篇的试题数量在逐年增加；二、干扰项的干扰性也在逐年增加，干扰项一般与正确选项都属于同等词性或同等范畴，与空前空后的词语也大多构成搭配，因而极具迷惑性、干扰性。,四、试题类型,按照试题层次可分为四个类型：,1、单词层次（用于考查单词拼写或词形变换）,2、词组层次（考查词组的固定搭配）,3、句子层次（考查句法内容）,4、语篇层次（考查对全文的把握）,近年来的高考试题中已没有单词层次的试题，试题主要为句子层次和语篇层次,五、完形填空解题技巧,主要失分原因,1、不善于抓住文中的主旨大意，片面理解，具体表现是边看边填；2、不善于逻辑推理，容易受思维定势的干扰，忽视特定语境中知识的应用；3、对完形填空怀有厌倦、恐惧心理，对完形填空处于应付状态，解题能力得不到提高。,解题技巧：,1、要首先把握文章的主题思想，篇章结构，行文逻辑甚至语言特色，克服只从语法角度推理思考的不良习惯。2、要善于把握文中的关键信息，信息句（往往就是文章或自然段的首尾句）和信息词（上文伏笔、下文呼应）。3、采用正确的解题步骤：（1）跳空猜读，领悟大意。（2）准确推理，逐空选填。（3）及时复读，验证选项。,解题时应遵循的原则：立足语篇原则前后贯通原则先易后难原则,推理方法举例,例1（辽宁）42isknowntousall,thereisnot43(enough)waterinallplacesforevery-onetouseasmuchashelikes.42.A.ThatB.ItC.WhatD.As例2（重庆）Everyonewas48afraidtogoinbecausethefirewas49(outofcontrol)soIwentin.48.A.soB.muchC.quiteD.too,1、利用语法分析解题,、利用原词复现，同、近义词，反义词信息解题,例1(湖北)“Wedontwantanymoney,Itsour55”.Clayrealizedthatwhileitmighthavebeentheirpleasure,itwasnowherdutytopassontheir“doontoothers”spirit.55.A.wishB.jobC.dutyD.pleasure,例2(江苏)On39days,sheworeheavyclothesandapairofwoolengloves.Summertime40(brought)outneat,beltedcottondressesandahatpulledlowoverhersunglasses.39.A.sunnyB.rainyC.cloudyD.snowy,、利用固定搭配解题,例1（全国III）Iadmiredthefactthathewouldtalktostudentsoutsidetheclassroomortalkwiththem44thetelephone.44.A.inB.byC.fromD.on例2（北京）Isallthispressurenecessary?I50upleavingthefootballteam,Fourothergirlsdidthesame,andtwoofthemstoppedplayingfootballcompletely.50.A.gaveB.keptC.endedD.picked,、利用上下文语境解题,例(全国I)OnahotsummerdayinlateAugust,IsoughtshadeandacooldrinkatawaterfrontcafonaGreekisland.Overahundreddegreesin36air.Crowded.Temperofboththetouristsandwaitershad37(risen)tomeetthesituation.36.A.freshB.coolC.stillD.thin,例（全国III）.hewouldjoinstudentgroupstodiscussavarietyof47:agriculture,divingandmathematics.47.A.questionsB.subjectsC.mattersD.contents,例3(重庆)Theformer37(make)everypossibleefforttoavoidbeingdiscovered,whilethelatterquickly38attentiontothemselves.38.A.giveB.keepC.payD.draw例4(全国I)44appeared.Hepausedforjustasecond,walkedintothewaterto45(set)thetableandtaketheir46(order),andthenwalkedbacktotheloudcheersoftherestofhis48(customers).44.A.ThemanagerB.AfriendC.AwaiterD.Theservant,5、利用对比、排比和平行结构解题,例1（辽宁）The48(correct)watersupplyforecastisbasedmoreonthewaterfromthe49thanfromthebelow.49.A.cloudsB.skyC.airD.above例245thewallet,foundinthestreet,beputintoapocket46turnedovertothepoliceman?Shouldthe47(extra)changereceivedatthestorebeforgottenor48(returned)?45.A.ShouldB.MustC.WouldD.Need46.A.andB.orC.theD.but,6、利用经验常识解题,例1（广东）Shehadadaughter,Persephone,whomshelovedverymuch.Hades,godoftheunderworld,fellinlovewithPersephone,andheaskedZeus,the37ofthegods,togivePersephonetohimashiswife.37.A.winnerB.rulerC.advisorD.fighter,例2（全国）Andthereonawell-madebedsatAmy,mynewroommate,dressedneatly.Greetingmewithanod,shesaidinasoftvoice,“Hi,youmustbeCori.”Then,she45themusicandlookedoveratmyfather.“Andofcourse,youreMr.Faber,”shesaid.45.A.turnedonB.turneddownC.playedD.enjoyed,(春北京、安徽卷)完形填空题,文章分析：,学校宽松的管理,学生的自觉行为,不同的课程方式（以植物、数学为例）,学校的优点（以己为例）,本文介绍了freeschool与regularschool之间的不同之处，说明了freeschool的优点。,鲜明的对比,P1：,P2：,P3：,P4：,大意：,(春北京、安徽卷)完形填空题,MyExperienceinaFreeSchoolAtfirstIcouldntbelieveit!Therewereno26inrows;nobellrings;noonehadtogoto27.Althoughwealllived“in”,28madeusgotobedatacertaintime;therewasnolightsout.26.A.desksB.lightsC.studentsD.buildings27.A.homeB.bedC.classD.work28.A.anybodyB.nobodyC.teachersD.parents,The29thingwasthatpracticallyallthestudentswenttoclass,30veryfewpeoplestayeduplateatnight.Onlythenewpeoplestayedupor31class.Thenewonesalwayswentwild32,butthisneverlastedlong.The33tooksomegettingusedto.Ourteacherstreateduslike34,neverdidwehaveto35“standup”,“sitdown”,“speakout”.Idont36onestudentwhodidnttryhisbest.29.A.sadB.lastC.goodD.strange30.A.andB.butC.soD.yet31.A.attendedB.tookC.missedD.studied32.A.fromthenonB.atfirstC.oncemoreD.justthen33.A.freedomB.habitC.timeD.people34.A.workersB.pupilsC.gardenersD.grown-ups35.A.understandB.studyC.playD.say36.A.hearfromB.feellikeC.thinkaboutD.knowof,Thesubjectwerethesameasthosein37school,butwhatadifferenceintheapproach(方法)!Forexample,inbotany(植物学)wehad38classesinthespringorfallbutinsteadwe39twogardens,avegetablegardenandaflowergarden.40inwinterweeachstudiedafew41thingsaboutwhatwehadgrown.37.A.nightB.regularC.smallD.real38.A.allB.shortC.noD.indoor39.A.plantedB.studiedC.drewD.toured40.A.StillB.ThenC.YetD.Next41.A.wildB.successfulC.usualD.particular,Inmaththestudentsbuiltthreedifferentkindsofstorerooms-smallones42,butusable.Theydidthisinsteadofhavinglessonsintheclassroom.Theyreallyhada43timetoo,designingeverything,drawingtheblueprints,44theangles(角度)andsoon.Ididnttake45.Icantstandit!Besides,Icoulddothebasicthingswithnumbers.Thats46.42.A.aswellB.afterawhileC.ofcourseD.asaresult43.A.funnyB.greatC.convenientD.thoughtful44.A.lookingoutB.takingoutC.findingoutD.figuringout45.A.mathB.careC.botanyD.notice46.A.dullB.interestingC.enoughD.dangerous,47IthinkIama48personforhavinggonetotheschool.Icanreadandwriteaswellasanyoneelsemyage,andIcanthinkbetter.Thatsprob