高考英语语法复习――代词

代词,1.人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、疑问代词2.it的用法3.区别不定代词,一.人称代词,1.当说话者不清楚或没必要清楚对象的性别时，可以用It表示。Itsalovelybaby.Isitaboyoragirl?2.人称代词也可用作为名词。Itsnotashe;itsahe.3.没有谓语的句子中，人称代词常用宾格-Gladtomeetyou!-Me,too.,4.代词（they不分性别）指代已经提过的一些人或事TheBrownsphoned.Theyrecomingroundthisevening用人称代词完成下列句子-Susan，goandjoinyoursistercleaningtheyard.-Why_（为什么是我)?Johnissittingthere,doingnothingAnewsupermarkethasjustbeenopened._（他们）aremidweekspecialnow.,me,They,物主代词,人称代词IYouHe/SheItWeThey,形容词性物主代词MyYourHis/HerItsOurTheir,名词性物主代词MineYoursHis/HersItsOursTheirs,形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词,Thisisourclassroom这是我们的教室（做名词的定语）Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindows?你介意我开窗户吗（做动名词的定语或被称为动名词的逻辑主语）名词性物主代词还可与名词及of连用构成双重所有格：a/an/this/that/These/those/some/any/no/every/each/another.+名词+of+名词性物主代词Somefriendsofminewillattendmyparty,_（他的）fatherisanengineer.Thatcarof_（我的）isalwaysbreakingdown.Hisdictionaryismuchthickerthan_（你的）Iknoweachbrotherof_（她的）,His,mine,yours,hers,反身代词,1.作宾语动宾：TomtaughthimselfChinese介宾：Theboyisoldenoughtotakecareofhimself2.作表语：Sheisnotquiteherselftoday3.作同位语：Imyselfcanrepairthebike,反身代词惯用语,（5.3第12页）formyself/ofitself/inhimself/tooneself/bymyself/besidemyselfThemachinewillstart_inafewseconds.Themoney_meantnothingtothem.WhenIdineinarestaurant,Ilikeatable_,ofitself,initself,tomyself,疑问代词5.3第12页,What/who/whichWhatever/whoever/whicheverWhatonearth/whoonearth/whichonearthHowmanypeoplearethereinChina?_isthe_ofChina?HowfarisitfromheretoBeijing?_isthedistancefromheretoBeijing?,What,population,What,二、it的用法,1.Itshalfpasstwonow.（时间）2.Its6milestothehospital.（距离）3.Itsverycoldintheroom.（温度）4.Alovelyday,isntit?（天气）从你家到学校有多远的路程？Howfarisitfromyourhometoyourschool?多美好的一天啊！Whatafinedayitis!,指代前面所提到过的事情、失误、群体、想法、性别不明或被认为不重要的人或动物、未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。-Ivebrokenaplate.-It（=breakingtheplate）doesntmatter.我们没有足够的钱，但这不是什么大问题。Wedonthaveenoughmoney,butitsnotabigproblem.,形式主语,Itnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.劝他没用Itisnousetryingtopersuadehim.众所周知，中国人口最多Itswell-knownthatChinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld.,It固定句型（见5.3第13页）,区别不定代词,Both/all/either/any/neither/none,Mr.Alcottrefusedtoaccept_（任何）ofthethreesuggestionsmadebythestudentsUnion.Therearemanytreeson_side（=bothsides）ofthestreet._（都不）ofthetwocarsismine._（所有）horsesareanimals,butnot_（所有）animalsarehorses.,any,either,Neither,All,all,None/nothing/nobody（noone）,None:既可指人，也可指物。特指概念。常用于回答howmany/much引导的疑问句。Nobody（noone）:只能指人，常回答who引领的疑问句。Nothing：只能指物，常用于回答what引导的疑问句（剩下的见5.3第14页）,用None,nothing,nobody（noone）填空-Howmanypeoplearethereintheroom?-_-Whoisintheroom?-_-Isthereanyoneintheroom?-_-Isthereanypersonintheroom?-_,None,Nobody（noone）,Noone,None,Any/every,Each/every,Each作同位语的时候，不影响谓语动词的单复数形式（5.3第14页）,用each/every填空Hehadacuton_foot._childintheclasspassedtheexam._ofthehousesisslightlydifferent.Iaskedallthechildrenand_toldadifferentstory.,each,Every,Each,each,全部肯定、否定与部分否定,全部肯定：all/both/everyone/everybody/everything/every+名词全部否定：noone/none/nobody/nothing/not.any/no+名词部分否定：not+全部肯定、everywhere/always/altogether,WhileIagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,Idontagreewith_A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothingIhaventread_ofhisbooks,butjudgingfromoneIhaveread,Ithinkhellmakeapromising（有前途的）writer.A.anyB.noneC.bothD.either,C,C,One/another/theother/some/theothers,Theother后只能加可数名词Therestof后既可加可数名词，也可不可数名词,Hewilldropinon（顺道拜访）_day.A.SomeothersB.AnotherC.otherD.therest,B,One/ones/theone/theones/that/those,One：前面出现过的泛指的单数名词Ones：前面出现过的泛指的复数名词Theone：前面出现过的特指的单数名词Theones：前面出现过的特制的复数名词That：前面出现过的的特指的单数名词或不可数名词Those：有时可代替theones（特别是后有后置定语）,用one/theone填空-Whydontwetakealittlebreak?-Didntwejusthave_?Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,_Iwillalwaystreasure.,one,one,many/much/few/little/afew/alittle,用many/much/few/little/afew/alittle填空_（很多）peopledonthave_（很多）food.