西安交通大学研究生英语写作Summary Writing.ppt

SummaryWriting,Chapter4,Objectives,GiveanappropriatedefinitionforasummaryKnowthecharacteristicsofagoodsummaryLearnthetechniquesinsummarywritingLearnthestepsinsummarywritingPractice,I.Whatisasummary?,Asummaryisashortenedpassage,whichretainstheessentialinformationoftheoriginal.Itisafairlybriefrestatement-inyourownwords-ofthecontentsofapassage.Note:yousimplyreportbackwhatthewriterhassaid,withoutmakingvaluejudgments.,II.Characteristicsofagoodsummary,Canbeunderstoodwithoutreferencetotheoriginal;Isafaithfulreproductionof,orcontainsonlytheideasorinformationof,theoriginal;Isbriefwithoutanyunnecessarydetail;Isareadableunifiedwhole,III.Techniquesinsummarywriting,ParaphrasingToparaphrasemeanstocompletelyandcorrectlyexpressotherpeoplesideasinonesownwords.,Examples:,1.Youvecookedusallahotpotato.(atroublesomepersonorissue)2.Preventionisbetterthancure.(Itisbettertopreventsomethingunpleasantfromhappeningthantrytoputitrightafterwards.),Ithelpsusunderstandtheoriginalbetter.Ithelpsusgraspthecentralideaandthemainpoints.Ithelpsuswritesummariesthatarebriefandtothepoint,andinourownwords.,Theimportanceofparaphrasing,Readtheoriginalcarefullyandcomprehenditsmeaningwhollyandcorrectly.Considertheoriginalarticleasawhole,notinisolatedsentences.,Stepsofparaphrasing,Graspingthecentralideas,III.Techniquesinsummarywriting,WaysofcondensationUsesynonymsorsynonymousphrasesHehadagoodcommandofEnglish.(HeknewEnglishwell.)ChangethestructureofsimplesentencesMybrotherhasanappreciationofmodernart.(Mybrotherappreciatesmodernart.),III.Techniquesinsummarywriting,TurncomplexsentencesintosimplesentencesHereceivedawelcomethatwasascoldasice.(Hereceivedanicywelcome.)CombinethesentencesHurryup.Ifyoudont,youllmissthetrain.(Hurryuporyoullmissthetrain.),Findingthetopicsentenceandmakinganoutlinetopicsentence/outline,IV.Howtowriteasummary?,TheimportanceofsummarywritingNecessaryelementsforagoodsummaryPropercitationtitle,author,source;dateofpublicationandthetext(journalarticles),Thesisstatementthetopicorgeneralsubjectmatterofthetext;theauthorsmajorassertion,comment,orpositiononthetopic,Supportingideasmajorsupportingideas;relationshipsamongtheseideasnospecificstheauthorspurposeinwritingnopersonalopinions,ideas,andinferences.,Grammarandthestructureofwritingavoiddirectquotation;usetransitionalwordsLength1/4to1/3oftheoriginal,ReadthearticleTounderstandthearticleandfindthegeneraltheme.RereadthearticleDivideintosectionsandlabeleachsection.Understandtheimportantparts.Writeone-sentencesummariesSummarizeeachsectionofthought.,Stepsinwritingasummary,FormulatethethesisstatementWeavetheone-sentencesection-summariestogether.WritethefirstdraftInthefirstsentenceortwo:TheauthorsnameThearticlesorchaptersnameTheauthorsthesisstatementThenthesummarysentencesforeachparagraphorsection.,Expressinyourownwords,toavoidplagiarism.Occasionalsupportingideasifnecessary.Note:Eliminateunnecessarywordsandrepetitions.Eliminatepersonalideasandinferences.Usetransitionsforasmoothandlogicalflowofideas.Concludewithasummingupsentence.,EditthedraftIsalltheimportantinformationinthesummary?AmIlistingthingsout?A