高中英语被动语态课件

高中英语复习课被动语态,语态当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词便用被动语态。,Wecleanedtheclassroomyesterday.昨天我们打扫了教室。Theclassroomwascleanedbyusyesterday.昨天教室被我们打扫了。,一、被动语态：,二、被动语态的一般结构：,即：be+done(+by),观察下列句子，说出划下划线的部分是什么时态语态?1.Heisregardedasabrilliant.2.Thisbookwaswrittenin1969.3.Thebrokenbikeisbeingrepairednow.4.Hetoldusthecatwasbeingwashedwhenwecalledhim.5.Thepenhasbeenusedforseveralyears.6.Hesaidthefactoryhadbeenopened.7.Theworkwillbefinishedinthreehours.8.Thebabymustbelookedafterwell.,三、各种时态的被动语态：,在被动句中有时用by-词组，有时不用。例如：,HamletwaswrittenbyShakespeare.哈姆雷特是莎士比亚写的。Thetaskhasbeenfinished.任务已经完成了。,结构：be+done(+by),一般现在时：am/is/aredone一般过去时：was/weredone现在进行时：am/is/arebeingdone过去进行时：was/werebeingdone现在完成时：have/hasbeendone过去完成时：hadbeendone一般将来时：shall/willbedone;begoingtobedone当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为can/must/havetobedone,三、各种时态的被动语态：,1.含有动词短语的句子转换。,Theyhaveneverlistenedtohim.,人家从不听他的话。,Hehasneverbeenlistenedto.,练习：Theytakegoodcareofthebaby.,Thebabyistakengoodcareofbythem.,注意：含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。,四、主动变被动中的几个问题：,Hemademedothework.,Iwasmadetodotheworkbyhim.,2.主动句中动词不带to,但在被动句中带to的情况：,练习：weheardhimsaygood-byetohisfriends.,Hewasheardtosaygood-byetohisfriends.,注意：make,feel,let,hear,see,watch等词在主动句中动词不带to,但在被动句中要带to,五、主动形式也可以表示被动意义的几种情况：,1、主语是物，谓语是表示主语特征或属性的动词。常见的这类动词有write,read,wear,wash,clean,sell,run，clean，lock等。这些动词常与副词连用。例如：,Themachinerunswell.Thispenwritesquitesmoothly.,翻译句子：这本书很畅销。_,Thebooksellswell.,2、表示主语状态特征的连系动词：look,feel,smell,taste,sound,prove,remain,appear,seem,等。例如：,Doyoulikethematerial?Yes,it_verysoft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt,C,Yourideasoundsreasonable.Whathesaidprovedtobecorrect.,3.在“be+介词+名词”结构中，常常用主动形式表被动含义1.Theroadisunderrepair.=Theroadisbeingrepaired.2.Yoursuggestionisstillunderdiscussion.你的建议正在讨论中。3.Heissaidtobeunderarrestforstealing.据说他由于偷窃被捕了。常见的这类under短语有：underattack在进攻中underconsideration在考虑中underconstruction在建设中underdiscussion在讨论中underexamination在审查中underinvestigation在调查中underrepair在修理中undertreatment在医治中underprotection在保护中underresearch研究中underdevelopment在发展中练习：.3.Sheisunder_（治疗）inthehospital.4.Thewildlifehereisunder_（保护）.6.Therequesttobuyavideoforeachclassroominunder_（考虑）.,protection,consideration,treatment,4.beworth,need后接动名词的主动式表示被动意义。,1.Hissuggestionisnotworthconsidering.类似用法的词：_翻译句子：2.我的手表要修理了。_,need、want、require、deserve,Mywatchneedsmending.,=Mywatchneedstobemended.,5.hard,difficult,easy,heavy,light,good,fit,comfortable,convenient,impossible等词后的不定式用主动表被动。,1).这道题很容易做。Theproblemiseasytoworkout.2).这个项目在一年内不可能完成。Itisimpossibletocompletetheprojectinayear.=Theprojectisimpossibletocompleteinayear.,被动语态与高考：1，语法填空和完形填空考。2，写作中用适当被动句，可使句子多样化，更加自然、生动,被动语态在高考哪类题考呢？要注意什么问题？,(1)_(see)thefallingleaves,theyfeelverysad.(2)Thedogshairisblack_(mix)withred.(3)Thetrees_(plant)inourschool.,Seeing,mixed,areplanted,Summary:,做题时要注意的几个问题：,1).注意所给动词在句子中是充当谓语还是非谓语。,3).判断句子时态，确定动词形式.,2).判断主语和所给动词的主被动关系.,判断所给动词在句子中的语态、成分和时态再填空.1)Thebook_(buy)yesterdayisveryuseful.2)Unless_(invite),Iwontgototheparty.3)ThenextOlympicGames_(held)in2012.4)Theanti-Japanesewar_(breakout)in1937.,bought,invited,willbeheld,brokeout,高考直击：,1.WhenJanegothome,hermotherwasexcited.“Yourfatherhasdecidedtogiveupsmoking”,James_(inform)（09广东）2.Thechurchtowerwhich_(restore)willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.（10上海）,wasinformed,isbeingrestored,3.Thiscoastalarea(name)anationalwildlifereservelastyear.(10湖南)4.（10全国）Linda,makesurethetables(set)beforetheguestsarrive.5.（10四川）Yourefailedtodowhatyou(expect)toandImafraidtheteacherwillblameyou.,wasnamed,areset,wereexpected,实战应用：,welcometoourschool.Idliketointroduceyoutheplansforourschool.Alotofwork_(do)inthepastfewyears.Thelibrary_(complete)andisreadyforuse.Butwestillhavetodomorework.Anewbiologylab_(build)thisyear.Butwedonothaveenoughmoneyfortheequipment.Studentsinallgrades_(collect)money.Aparty_(plan)fortheendofthisterm.Themoneywhichiscollected_(spend)onnewequipment.Atpresent,plans_(make)forapartyattheendofthesummerterm.thegardensoftheschool_(improve)thisyear.Newtrees_(plant)whichwillsoongiveshadeinSummer.Thewholeschool_(paint)duringtheholidays.Infact,shewillbemorebeautifulandgoodforustostudy.,hasbeendone,hasbeencompleted,isbeingbuilt,arecollecting,isbeingplanned,willbespent,arebeingmade,arebeingimproved,arebeingplanted,Isgoingtobepainted,语态与时态的综合运用,解动词填空题“三步曲”,1.I(have)thisbookfor2weeks.,havehad,areplanted,一看时间状语,2.Everyyear,manytrees(plant)alongtheriver.,3.Keepquiet,please!They(have)alesson.,arehaving,4.-Hi,LinTao.Ididntseeyouattheparty.-Oh,I(get)readyfortheexam.,wasgetting,5.Tom(go)tobedearly，buthisbrotherdoesnt.,6.Listen!Jimsradio(make)aloudnoise.Wouldyoupleasetellhimtoturnitdown?,goes,ismaking,二观上下文联系,三找隐含条件,1.一般现在：,every,sometimes,at,onSundays,4.现在完成：,5.现在进行：,3.过去进行：,6.过去完成：,7.过去将来：,2.一般将来：,8.一般过去：,for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inthepastyears,recently,5yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982,justnow,多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后的动作,before,by,until,when,after,next,tomorrow,in,now,thismorning,thewholemorning,allday,yesterday,fromninetotenlasteveningwhen,while,高考题点击：,1.在题支增多,有前后空互相暗示的题干较长的句子里.,1.Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy_goingbacktoschool,butshehasntdecidedyet.A.hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsideringC.consideredD.isgoingtoconsider,2.ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympics_by2006.,hasbeencompletedB.hascompletedC.willhavebeencompletedD.willhavecompleted,B,C,3.Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,_visitingamuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe4.He_morethan5,000Englishwordswhenheenteredtheuniversityattheageof15.A.haslearnedB.wouldhavelearnedC.learnedD.hadlearned,5.Scientiststhinkthatthecontinents_alwayswherethey_today.A.arent;areB.arent;wereC.werent;areD.werent;were,C,D,A,2.有较强的语言环境，从上下文语境中获取信息，体现了英语的交际功能.,6.-Whatsthatterriblenoise?-Theneighbors_foraparty.A.havepreparedB.arepreparingC.prepareD.willprepare,7.-Whydidyouleavethatposition?-I_abetterpositionatIBM.offerB.offeredC.amofferedD.wasoffered,D,B,8.-_leaveattheendofthismonth.-Idontthinkyoushoulddothatuntil_anotherjob.Imgoingto;youdfoundImgoingto;youvefoundIll;youllfindIll;youdfind,B,9.-Yourjob_openforyourreturn.-Thanks.willbekeptB.willkeepC.hadkeptD.hadbeenkept,10.-Wheredidyouputthecarkeys?-Oh,I_IputthemonthechairbecausethephonerangasI_in.A.remembered;comeB.remembered;wascomingC.remember;comeD.remember;wascoming,A,D,Aweekbefore,Ipromisedmywifetogotothebarberswithher.Smallasthebarbershopwas,Itwasfamousinthearea.IrememberedclearlythatI_1_mywatchintoherpocket,which_2_me8,000yuan.Whenwearrived,mywifetookoffhercoatand_3_itonabenchbythedoor.Isatonanotheronebesideit,devotedto_4_theTVprograms,notnoticingthewatchwouldsliptothefloor.A.putB.hadputC.hasputD.puttedA.spendB.takeC.costD.payA.layB.lainC.laidD.liedA.enj