虚拟语气PPT课件

.,1,SubjectiveMood,虚拟语气,.,2,在条件从句中的用法,1）概念虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。2）在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。,.,3,真实条件句,真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中if是如果的意思。句型：条件从句主句一般现在时shall/will+动词原形Ifhecomes,hewillbringhisviolin.典型例题Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit_.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israined答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。注意：1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用begoingto表示将来，该用shall,will.(错)Ifyouleavenow,youarenevergoingtoregretit.(对)Ifyouleavenow,youwillneverregretit.2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall(will)+动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。,.,4,非真实条件句,.,5,1.与现在事实相反,条件从句:did/were主句:would/should/could/might+doIftheywerehere,theywouldhelpyou.Ifwehadtime,wewouldgowithyou.如果我是你，我会申请那份工作的。IfIwereyou,Iwouldapplyforthejob.即使我有钱，也不会买它。EvenifIhadthemoney,Iwouldntbuyit.要是你知道谁打破了玻璃，你会怎么办？Whatwouldyoudoifyouknewwhobroketheglass?,.,6,2.与过去事实相反,条件从句:haddone主句:would/should/could/might+havedoneIfshehadworkedharder,shewouldhavesucceeded.Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Iwouldhavetoldhimaboutit.如果当时听了你的话，我就不会犯这样的错误了。IfIhadtakenyouadvice,Iwouldnthavemadesuchamistake.如果我再认真一点的话，我可以做的更好。IcouldhavedoneitbetterifIhadbeenmorecareful.如果他没生病，他昨晚可能回来的。Ifhehadntbeenill,hemighthavecomelastnight.,.,7,3.与将来事实相反,条件从句:did(were)/shoulddo/weretodo主句:would/should/could/might+doIfyousucceeded/shouldsucceed/weretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。Ifitrainedtomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.要是我来做这件事，我会用另一种方法。IfIweretodoit,Iwoulddoitinanotherway.,.,8,4.错综时间条件句,在虚拟语气中，有时条件从句动作发生的时间和主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，称为错综时间条件句。这种句子的形式往往要根据句子的时间相调整，分别处理。Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.Ifyouhadfollowedthedoctorsadvicethen,youwouldbeallrightnow.注：时间有时会省略,.,9,4.虚拟条件句的倒装,从句部分如果含有were,should,或had,可将if省略，再把were,should或had移到从句句首，实行倒装。Weretheyherenow,theycouldhelpus.=Iftheywereherenow,theycouldhelpus.Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim=Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.典型例题_todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherday.A.IfwereIB.IwereC.WereID.WasI答案C.,.,10,特殊的虚拟语气词：should,1）Itisdemanded/necessary/apity+that结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should加动词原形，should可省略。(1)suggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted；+(should)do(2)important,necessary,natural,strange,essential,urgent,advisable,right,vital,apity,ashame,nowonder(3)Itissuggestedthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Itisnecessarythathe(should)cometoourmeetingtomorrow.,.,11,特殊的虚拟语气词：should,2）在宾语从句中的应用在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。order,suggest,propose,require,demand,request,insist,command,insist+(should)doIsuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.,.,12,特殊的虚拟语气词：should,注意：如suggest,insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybodyobeytherules.判断改错:Youpalefacesuggeststhatyou(should)beill.Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyouareill.Iinsistedthatyou(should)bewrong.Iinsistedthatyouwerewrong.,.,13,特殊的虚拟语气词：should,3）在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。Myideaisthatwe(should)getmorepeopletoattendtheconference.Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.,.,14,wish,与现在事实相反did/wereWish+与过去事实相反haddone与将来事实相反would/could/should/mightdoIwishIwereabird.IwishIwouldgotoFrancesomeday.IwishIhadnttoldhimthatyesterday.我希望和你一样高。IwishIwereastallasyou.我希望明天下雨就好了。Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.,.,15,Itis(high)timethat,Itis(high/about)timethat后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。Itistimethatthechildrenwenttobed.Itistime(that)wehadbreakfast.Itishightimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed.,.,16,翻译练习,1.Ifhehadknownthiswouldhappen,（他当初也许会以不同方式行事）.2.IfIhadrememberedtoclosethewindow,（小偷就不会进来）.3.Isuggestedhe_（使自己适应）hisnewconditions.4.Ifyouhad_(听从了我的劝告，你就不会陷入麻烦）5.Itissuggestedthattheairconditioner_（要安装在窗户旁边）,.,17,翻译练习,1.hewouldh