Qt开发源码(俄罗斯方块)

-俄罗斯方块游戏Main.cpp主程序代码:#include #include #include tetrixwindow.hint main(int argc, char *argv) / 为了能够正常显示中文，设置Tr编码环境为GB2312 (详见wiki) QTextCodec:setCodecForTr(QTextCodec:codecForName(GB2312); / app这个对象用于管理应用级别的资源 QApplication app(argc, argv); app.setStyleSheet(TetrixBoard background-color:lightGray); TetrixWindow window; window.setWindowIcon(QIcon(:/Chrome.ico); window.show(); / 当前时间作为随机种子 qsrand(QTime(0,0,0).secsTo(QTime:currentTime(); return app.exec(); / 程序的事件循环Tetrixboard.h头文件代码:/ 主游戏区类#ifndef TETRIXBOARD_H#define TETRIXBOARD_H#include tetrixpiece.h#include #include #include #include / 前向声明class QLabel;class TetrixBoard : public QFrame Q_OBJECTpublic: TetrixBoard(QWidget *parent = 0); void setNextPieceLabel(QLabel *label); QSize sizeHint() const;/最适合大小 QSize minimumSizeHint() const; / 最小限制public slots: / 公有槽 void start(); void pause();signals: / 信号:只需声明,根据参数变化来判断 void scoreChanged(int score); void levelChanged(int level); void linesRemovedChanged(int numLines);protected: / 着色、键盘、计时事件：其中着色事件随着update()不断触发 void paintEvent(QPaintEvent *event); void keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent *event); void timerEvent(QTimerEvent *event);private: enum BoardWidth = 10, BoardHeight = 22 ; / 把主游戏区宽分成10等份，高分成22等份，也就是说每行有10小矩形，总共有22行 TetrixShape &shapeAt(int x, int y) return board(y * BoardWidth) + x; int timeoutTime() return 1000 / (1 + level); / contentsRect():返回当前布局(QLayout)的矩形,可访问其长、宽 (详见API) / conntentsRect().width()/BoardWidth 把游戏区矩形的宽分成了BoardWidth份 int squareWidth() return contentsRect().width() / BoardWidth; / 同上，把高分成了BoardHeight份 int squareHeight() return contentsRect().height() / BoardHeight; / 此时squareWidth(),squareHeight()分别是分割后的小矩形宽和高 void clearBoard(); / 清屏 void dropDown(); / 下落事件 void oneLineDown();/ 下落一行 void pieceDropped(int dropHeight); void removeFullLines(); / 移除填满的行 void newPiece(); / 新方块 void showNextPiece(); / 显示下一个方块 bool tryMove(const TetrixPiece &newPiece, int newX, int newY); / 判断方块是否可以移动 void drawSquare(QPainter &painter, int x, int y, TetrixShape shape); / 着色 QBasicTimer timer; / 相当于QLabel *nextPieceLabel(QPointer详见API) QPointer nextPieceLabel; bool isStarted; bool isPaused; bool isWaitingAfterLine; TetrixPiece curPiece; / 当前方块 TetrixPiece nextPiece; / 下一个方块 int curX; int curY; int numLinesRemoved; int numPiecesDropped; int score; int level; TetrixShape boardBoardWidth * BoardHeight;#endif / TETRIXBOARD_HTetrixboard.cpp程序代码:#include #include tetrixboard.hTetrixBoard:TetrixBoard(QWidget *parent) : QFrame(parent) / 设置游戏区框架风格：内浮雕 setFrameStyle(QFrame:Panel | QFrame:Sunken); / 增加游戏区键盘鼠标等事件的焦点集中 setFocusPolicy(Qt:StrongFocus); isStarted = false; / 初始化：未开始状态 isPaused = false; clearBoard(); / 初始清屏 nextPiece.setRandomShape(); / 下一方块获得一个随机形状/ tetrixpiece.h : tetrixpiece.cpp中使用void TetrixBoard:setNextPieceLabel(QLabel *label) nextPieceLabel = label;/ 游戏区合适大小QSize TetrixBoard:sizeHint() const return QSize(BoardWidth*15 + frameWidth()*2, BoardHeight*15 + frameWidth()*2);/ 游戏区最小大小QSize TetrixBoard:minimumSizeHint() const return QSize(BoardWidth*5 + frameWidth()*2, BoardHeight*5 + frameWidth()*2);/ 开始事件:slotsvoid TetrixBoard:start() / 如果已暂停，则启动无效 if (isPaused) return; isStarted = true; / 标记已开始 isWaitingAfterLine = false; / 此参数为判断是否有方块正在下落，false为有方块正在下落中 / 初始各参数 numLinesRemoved = 0; numPiecesDropped = 0; score = 0; level = 1; clearBoard(); / 清屏 / emit 信号发射：触发对应信号槽内的函数(相关connect()在tetrixwindow.cpp中) emit linesRemovedChanged(numLinesRemoved); emit scoreChanged(score); emit levelChanged(level); newPiece(); / 调用新方块 timer.start(timeoutTime(), this);/ 游戏开始计时/ 暂停事件:slotsvoid TetrixBoard:pause() / 如果未开始，则暂停无效 if (!isStarted) return; / 否则，若未暂停，则赋值为暂停，反之，取消暂停，继续游戏 isPaused = !isPaused; if (isPaused) timer.stop(); / 游戏计时停止 else timer.start(timeoutTime(), this); / 否则继续计时 update(); / 刷新窗口:动态显示画面/ 游戏区方块着色/ 重定义绘图事件，当调用update()时进行重绘void TetrixBoard:paintEvent(QPaintEvent *event) QFrame:paintEvent(event); QPainter painter(this); QRect rect = contentsRect(); / QRect定义了平面上的矩形 (详见API),是主游戏区 / 暂停的时候显示的信息 if (isPaused) painter.drawText(rect, Qt:AlignCenter, tr(游戏暂停); return; / BoardHeight*squareHeight() 相当于 contentsRect().Height(),是小网格的高 / 因为squareHeight() return contentsRect().Width()/BoardWidth(); / 见tetrixboard.h中的定义 int boardTop = rect.bottom() - BoardHeight*squareHeight(); for (int i=0; iBoardHeight; +i) for (int j=0; jBoardWidth; +j) / TetrixShape &shapeAt(int x, int y) return board(y * BoardWidth) + x; TetrixShape shape = shapeAt(j, BoardHeight-i-1); if (shape != NoShape) / rect.left() 返回游戏区矩形左边的x坐标,squareWidth()为小网格的宽度 drawSquare(painter, rect.left() + j*squareWidth(), boardTop + i*squareHeight(), shape); / 绘图 if (curPiece.shape() != NoShape) for (int i=0; ikey() case Qt:Key_Left: tryMove(curPiece, curX-1, curY); / 左移 break; case Qt:Key_Right: tryMove(curPiece, curX+1, curY); / 右移 break; case Qt:Key_Up: tryMove(curPiece.rotatedLeft(),curX,curY); / 方块左转 break; case Qt:Key_Down: dropDown(); / 快速下落 break; default: QFrame:keyPressEvent(event); / 计时时间void TetrixBoard:timerEvent(QTimerEvent *event) if (event-timerId() = timer.timerId() / 如果还有方块已下落完毕 if (isWaitingAfterLine) isWaitingAfterLine = false; / 重标记为有方块正在下落 newPiece(); / 添加新方块 (timeoutTime(), this); else oneLineDown(); /否则进行下落动作 else QFrame:timerEvent(event); / 清空游戏区所有绘图void TetrixBoard:clearBoard() for (int i=0; i 0) if (!tryMove(curPiece,curX,newY-1) break; -newY; +dropHeight; / 把下落高度传递给此函数 pieceDropped(dropHeight);/ 正常下落操作void TetrixBoard:oneLineDown() if (!tryMove(curPiece, curX,curY-1) / 如果能移动，则下落一行 pieceDropped(0);/ 正常下落不几分/ 进行方块下落后的行为，如绘图，加分等 参数：下落方块的高度void TetrixBoard:pieceDropped(int dropHeight) for (int i=0; i= 0; -i) bool lineIsFull = true; / 判断是否已满一行 for (int j=0; j BoardWidth; +j) if (shapeAt(j,i)=NoShape) lineIsFull = false; break; / 上面所有行下移 if (lineIsFull) +numFullLines; for(int k = i; k BoardHeight-1; +k) for (int j = 0; j BoardWidth; +j) shapeAt(j,k) = shapeAt(j, k+1); / 整行清零 for (int j = 0; j 0) numLinesRemoved += numFullLines; score += 10 * numFullLines; / 同时发送信号至相应的槽 emit linesRemovedChanged(numLinesRemoved); emit scoreChanged(score); (500,this); isWaitingAfterLine = true; curPiece.setShape(NoShape); update(); / 新方块void TetrixBoard:newPiece() curPiece = nextPiece; / 预先随机设置好一下块方块 nextPiece.setRandomShape(); showNextPiece(); / 设置其初始下落的位置，在游戏区顶部中央 curX = BoardWidth / 2 + 1; curY = BoardHeight-1 + curPiece.minY(); / 判断其是否还能移动，如果不能，则停止游戏 if (!tryMove(curPiece, curX, curY) curPiece.setShape(NoShape);/ painter.drawText(rect,tr(游戏结束); timer.stop(); isStarted = false; / 展示下一个方块void TetrixBoard:showNextPiece() if (!nextPieceLabel) return; int dx = nextPiece.maxX() - nextPiece.minX() + 1; int dy = nextPiece.maxY() - nextPiece.minY() + 1; QPixmap pixmap(dx *squareWidth(), dy*squareHeight(); /映射要显示方块像素 QPainter painter(&pixmap); / 开始绘制该方块 painter.fillRect(pixmap.rect(), nextPieceLabel-palette().background(); / 先绘制要显示方块的背景色 / 再开始绘制方块本身 for (int i = 0; i setPixmap(pixmap);/ 最后加载它/ 判断是否还能移动bool TetrixBoard:tryMove(const TetrixPiece &newPiece, int newX, int newY) for (int i = 0; i 4; +i) int x = newX + newPiece.x(i); int y = newY - newPiece.y(i); if (x = BoardWidth | y = BoardHeight) return false; if (shapeAt(x,y) != NoShape) / 判断当前位置是否有其他方块 return false; curPiece = newPiece; curX = newX; curY = newY; update(); return true;/ int squareWidth() return contentsRect().width() / BoardWidth; / int squareHeight() return contentsRect().height() / BoardHeight; void TetrixBoard:drawSquare(QPainter &painter, int x,int y,TetrixShape shape) / google色彩 static const QRgb colorTable8 = 0x000000, 0x1851ce, 0xc61800, 0xefba00, 0x1851ce, 0x1ba823, 0xc61800, 0x606060 ; QColor color = colorTableint(shape); / 填充单元网格的颜色 / void fillRect(int x, int y, int width, int height, const QColor & color) painter.fillRect(x + 1, y + 1, squareWidth() - 2, squareHeight() - 2, color); painter.setPen(color.light(); / 左上角边框颜色 / void drawLine(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) painter.drawLine(x, y + squareHeight() - 1, x, y); painter.drawLine(x, y, x + squareWidth() - 1, y); painter.setPen(color.dark(); / 右下角边框颜色 painter.drawLine(x + 1, y + squareHeight() - 1, x + squareWidth() - 1, y + squareHeight() - 1); painter.drawLine(x + squareWidth() - 1, y + squareHeight() - 1, x + squareWidth() - 1, y + 1);Tetrixpiece.h头文件代码:/ 俄罗斯方块类：方块形状/旋转情况#ifndef TETRIXPIECE_H#define TETRIXPIECE_H/ 定义一个枚举类型(0-7):无形状、Z字形、S字形、直线形，T字形，田字形形、L字形，翻转L字形enum TetrixShape NoShape, ZShape,SShape,LineShape,TShape,SquareShape, LShape,MirroredLShape ;class TetrixPiecepublic: TetrixPiece() setShape(NoShape); / inline构造函数：初始设置成NoShape void setRandomShape(); / 设置随机规则 void setShape(TetrixShape shape); / 构造方块形状的数据结构 / 通过inline公有函数成员shape()访问私有数据成员pieceShape TetrixShape shape() const return pieceShape; int x(int index) const return coordsindex0; int y(int index) const return coordsindex1; int minX() const; int maxX() const; int minY() const; int maxY() const; TetrixPiece rotatedLeft() const; / 左转private: void setX(int index, int x) coordsindex0 = x; void setY(int index, int y) coordsindex1 = y; TetrixShape pieceShape; / 枚举类型创建一个该枚举类型对象 int coords42;#endif / TETRIXPIECE_HTetrixpiece.cpp程序代码:#include #include tetrixpiece.h#include #include #include / 伪随机函数：利用当前系统时间增加随机性void TetrixPiece:setRandomShape() /QTime time = QTime:currentTime(); /qsrand( time.msec() + time.second()*1000 );/ 重设随机种子：当前时间为随机变量 setShape(TetrixShape(qrand()%7 + 1); / 共六种方块形状void TetrixPiece:setShape(TetrixShape shape) / 按TetrixShape枚举顺序构建： / 除NoShape外,每个形状由4个小方块组成,这里每行的四个坐标即4个小方块的坐标，其中横向为X，纵向为Y / ZShape SShape LineShape TShape SquareShape LShape MirroredLShape/ -1 0 1 2 -1 0 1 2 -1 0 1 2 -1 0 1 2 -1 0 1 2 -1 0 1 2 -1 0 1 2/ -1 * -1 * -1 * -1 -1 -1 * * -1 * */ 0 * * 0 * * 0 * 0 * * * 0 * * 0 * 0 */ 1 * 1 * 1 * 1 * 1 * * 1 * 1 */ 2 2 2 * 2 2 2 2 static const int coordsTable842 = 0, 0 , 0, 0 , 0, 0 , 0, 0 ,/ NoShape 0, -1 , 0, 0 , -1, 0 , -1, 1 , 0, -1 , 0, 0 , 1, 0 , 1, 1 , 0, -1 , 0, 0 , 0, 1 , 0, 2 , -1, 0 , 0, 0 , 1, 0 , 0, 1 , 0, 0 , 1, 0 , 0, 1 , 1, 1 , -1, -1 , 0, -1 , 0, 0 , 0, 1 , 1, -1 , 0, -1 , 0, 0 , 0, 1 ; for (int i=0; i4; i+) for (int j=0; j2; +j) coordsij = coordsTableshapeij; pieceShape = shape;/ 获取最小X坐标值,QtGlobal:qMinint TetrixPiece:minX() const int min = coords00; for (int i = 1; i 4; +i) min = qMin(min, coordsi0); return min;/ 获取最大X坐标值,QtGlobal:qMaxint TetrixPiece:maxX() const int max = coords00; for (int i = 1; i 4; +i) max = qMax(max, coordsi0); return max;/ 获取最小Y坐标值int TetrixPiece:minY() const int min = coords01; for (int i = 1; i 4; +i) min = qMin(min, coordsi1); return min;/ 获取最大Y坐标值int TetrixPiece:maxY() const int max = coords01; for (int i = 0; i 4; +i) max = qMax(max, coordsi1); return max;/ 按顺时针方向左转90度:/ x = -y;/ y = x;TetrixPiece TetrixPiece:rotatedLeft() const if (pieceShape = SquareShape) return *this; TetrixPiece result; result.pieceShape = pieceShape; for (int i = 0; i 4; +i) result.setX(i,-y(i); result.setY(i,x(i); return result;Tetrixwindow.h头文件代码:/ 主窗口类：控制区/游戏区#ifndef TETRIXWINDOW_H#define TETRIXWINDOW_H#include #include /* 前向声明： 因为此处只使用这些类的指针，没有涉及相关函数， 并不需要include它们的头文件,那样会减慢编译速度 */QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACEclass QLCDNumber;class QLabel;class QPushButton;QT_END_NAMESPACEclass TetrixBoard;class TetrixWindow : public QWidget / 这个宏定义涉及到Qt高级部分,我们现在只需知道 / tr()connecet()slotssignals与之有关 Q_OBJECTpublic: TetrixWindow();public slots: void About();private: /* 声明需要用到的一些部件的指针，包括：开始、暂停、退出按钮， 分数、等级、消去行数、下一个方块显示区等*/ QLabel *createLabel(const QString &text); TetrixBoard *board; / 自定义游戏逻辑类对象指针 QLabel *nextPieceLabel; QLCDNumber *scoreLcd; QLCDNumber *levelLcd; QLCDNumber *linesLcd; QPushButton *startButton; QPushButton *quitButton; QPushButton *pauseButton; QPushButton *aboutButton;#endif /TETRIXWINDOW_HTetrixwindow.cpp程序代码:#include #include tetrixboard.h#include tetrixwindow.h/ 构造函数：将声明的抽象部件实例化TetrixWindow:TetrixWindow() board = new TetrixBoard; / board为主游戏区 nextPieceLabel = new QLabel; / Raised:浮雕 Box:draw a box around its contents /nextPieceLabel-setFrameStyle(QFrame:Box | QFrame:Raised); nextPieceLabel-setAlignment(Qt:AlignCenter); / 居中显示 / 通过该函数将nextPieceLabel赋值给board对象私有变量nextPieceLabel： / 不是友元或继承关系无法直接调用其私有成员 board-setNextPieceLabel(nextPieceLabel); / Lcd数字显示器 scoreLcd = new QLCDNumber(5); / 最大为5位数 scoreLcd-setSegmentStyle(QLCDNumber:Filled); / 浮雕显示数字 (详见API) levelLcd = new QLCDNumber(5); levelLcd-setSegmentStyle(QLCDNumber:Filled); linesLcd = new QLCDNumber(5); linesLcd-setSegmentStyle(QLCDNumber:Filled); / 按钮实例化：设置为NoFocus,避免与游戏按键冲突 startButton = new QPushButton(tr(&开始); startButton-setFocusPolicy(Qt:NoFocus); quitButton = new QPushButton(tr(&退出); quitButton-setFocusPolicy(Qt:NoFocus); pauseButton = new QPushButton(tr(&暂停); pauseButton-setFocusPolicy(Qt:NoFocus); aboutButton = new QPushButton(tr(&关于); aboutButton-setFocusPolicy(Qt:NoFocus); / 相应信号槽连接Qt核心：QObject:connect(信号发射对象,SIGNAL(信号),接收对象,SLOT(触发槽) / 信号(signals)：可以只声明不定义; 触发槽(slots):信号响应函数 connect(startButton, SIGNAL(clicked(), board, SLOT(start(); connect(quitButton, SIGN