2018高考英语二轮复习 知识技巧梳理 专题4 状语从句（含解析）

状语从句考向预测从句中的连词用法比较复杂。同一个连词可以表达不同的意思，同一个意思可以用不同的连词进行表达，因此在学习连词时应注意以下几点：熟练掌握每一个连词的不同意义和用法；掌握同一意义可以运用不同的连词；同一意义可以运用不同的句式表达等等。高考中对于连词的考查主要表现在对于并列连词和从属连词的用法和辨析上进行考查。这是考试的重点和难点所在。状语从句一般可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句。2018年高考仍然是主要考查在具体的语境中连词的正确使用。考点定位高考命题主要考查连词的判断选用，以及主句与从句谓语动词的时态运用；考查考生对不同类型从句的辨别能力，与其他从句、句型结合起来一起考查近年高考的发展趋向：从属连词在具体语境中的运用，及从属连词词义的延伸。设问角度越来越多样化。考点1 状语从句的时态高考主要考查时间、条件、让步状语从句用一般现在时表将来及一般过去时代替过去将来时的用法。如：he said he would go to japan for holiday when he finished writing the book.他说他写完这本书后会去日本度假。even if it snows tomorrow,the performance wont be called off.即使明天下雪，演出也不会取消。【典例】what was the party like?wonderfulit s years _ i enjoyed myself so muchabeforebaftercsincedwhen【答案】c【解析】考查连词辨析。分析句子结构可知，此句为it is/will be+一段时间+since从句，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时。故选c。考点2 状语从句的结构高考主要考查结构较为复杂、特殊的状语从句，如no matter+疑问词；whatever，however，as引导的让步状语从句；“the+比较级，the+比较级”中的比较状语学*科*网从句等。如：the harder you work，the better your studies will be你学习越努力，功课就越好。no matter what serious difficulties he met with，he could always overcome them不管碰到多么可怕的困难，他总能克服。【典例】 you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.a. however a serious problem b. what a serious problemc. however serious a problem d. what serious a problem【答案】c【解析】让步状语从句。根据句意“无论你有多么严重的问题，你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战”，而however表让步时其顺序应是：however+形容词+主语+谓语。however做连接副词，相当于no matter how，后接形容词或者副词，意为“无论、不管”，引导让步状语从句，其序为“however+形容词、副词+主语+谓语”。故选c。考点3 状语从句的省略在时间、原因、条件、方式、让步等状语从句中，常常省略相同的主语或作主语的代词it以及be动词，保留现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、不定式成分。如果从句中有“it is+形容词”，也可以省略it is。如：once printed,this dictionary will be very popular.一旦出版，这本词典会非常畅销。（once后省去了it is）do not leave the building until instructed to do so.接到指示后才可离开这幢房子。（until后省去了you are）【典例】the school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, accompanied by an adult. a. once b. when c. if d. unless【答案】d【解析】考查省略的状语从句的连接词。句意应为“学校规章规定：除非有成年人陪同，否则孩子们在校间不能出学校。”表示“除非”用unless。该句式构成了“连词+过去分词”结构。故选d。考点4 从属连词的选择和辨析高考重点考查引导状语从句的从属连词，如引导时间状语从句的immediately,the moment,every time,once;引导条件状语从句的as long as；引导原因状语从句的now that,since；引导让步状语从句的even if,even though;引导目的状语从句的in case,in order that等。如：we hadnt met for 20 years,but i recognized him the moment i saw him.我们已经有20年没有见面了，可是我一见到他就认出他来了。（时间状语从句）we should bring a knife in case that there are any dangerous animals there.我们应当带把刀，以防那儿有什么危险动物。（目的状语从句）【典例】 our holiday cost a lot of money. did it? well, that doesnt matter you enjoyed yourselves.a. as long as b. unless c. as soon as d. though【答案】a【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：我们度假花了很多钱。是吗?嗯，只要你们玩得开心，那(花很多钱)是没有关系的。as long as只要，unless除非，as soon as一就，though虽然。故选c。考点5 where引导地点状语从句要注意where引导的地点状语从句和where引导的定语从句、表语从句以及宾语从句的区别。如：the flower grows best where it often rains这种花在经常下雨的地方长得最好。(地点状语从句)the flower grows best in the place where it often rains这种花在经常下雨的地方长得最好。(定语从句)【典例】he was inspired to start again in the place _ he had failed. a. where b. in which c. when d. what【答案】a【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。句意：人们鼓励他在他失败的地方重新开始。此处是where引导的地点状语从句。故选a。（60分钟）限时训练经典常规题单项选择1.【2017北京】if you dont understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _ you figure it out.a. because b. though c. until d. since2.【2017北京】_ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.a. once b. if c. although d. because3.【2017北京】peter, please send us postcards _ well know where you have visited.no problem.a. but b. or c. for d. so4.【2017江苏】 located _ the belt meets the road, jiangsu will contribute more to the belt and road construction.a. why b. when c. which d. where5.【2016北京】 my grandfather still plays tennis now and then, _ hes in his nineties.a. as long as b. as if c. even though d. in case6.【2016北京】i really enjoy listening to music _ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.a. because b. beforec. unless d. until7.【2016江苏】_some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.a. becauseb. ifc. unlessd. while8.【2016天津】_ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.a. unless b. untilc. as d. while9.【2016浙江】_online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.a. since b. after c. while d. unless10.【2015湖南】video games can be a poor influence if _ in the wrong hands.a. to leaveb. leaving c. leaved. left11.【2015北京】he is a shy man,_he is not afraid of anything or anyone.a.so b. but c.or d. as12.【2015北京】you wont find paper cutting difficult _you keep practicing it.a. even if b. as long as c .as if d. ever since13.【2015北京】_the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.a. until b. unless c. once d. although14.【2015重庆】 if you miss this chance, it may be years _ you get another one.a. as b. before c. since d. after15.【2015浙江】 a single world can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.a. just as b. even though c. until d. unless16.【2015天津】 we need to get to the root of the problem_ we can solve it.a. whileb. afterc. befored. as17.【2015四川】there is only one more day to go your favorite music group play live.a. since b. until c. when d. before18.【2015陕西】 i believe you will have a wonderful time here you get to know everyone else.a. though b. as if c. once d. so that19.【2015福建】_the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp.a. whileb. unlessc. sinced. until20.【2015江苏】it is so cold that you cant go outside _ fully covered in thick clothes.a. if b. unless c. once d. when21.【2015安徽】_ he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.a. whereb. asc. in cased. now that22.【2015安徽】_ scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still dont know.a. onceb. sincec. thoughd. unless23.【2015湖南】_ the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.a. if only b. aftercalthough din case高频易错题 单项选择1.【2017届北京市东城区高三5月综合练习（二模）】we packed all the books in the wooden boxes_ they wouldnt get damaged.a.as long asb.as ifc.in cased.so that2.【2017届北京市海淀区高三5月期末练习（二模）】its always a good idea to have a second key somewhereyou lose the first one.a.in caseb.now thatc.even thoughd.as long as3.【2017届江苏省南京市高三第三次模拟】while working in kunming, he checked the weather each morning for months _he realized it would be the same every day.a.whenb.afterc.befored.since4.【2017届江苏省南通、扬州、泰州、淮安四市高三下学期第三次模拟】you can use this room for your club activities tomorrow _ you keep it tidy and clean.a.for fear thatb.in casec.on condition thatd.even if5.【2017届天津市十二重点中学高三毕业班联考（二）】kate was very sad over loss of the photos she had shot in china, _this was a memory she especially treasured.a.ifb.whenc.asd.which6.【北京市大兴区2017届高三一模】dimash appeared on the stage of singer 2017, his voice instantly won hearts of chinese audience.a.as long asb.as soon asc.now thatd.ever since7.【江苏省连云港市、徐州市、宿迁市2017届高三年级第三次模拟】“ _i went through ups and downs in life，” gordon said, “i never found the importance of being self-disciplined as well as the significance of life.”a.ifb.sincec.untild.unless8.【江苏省淮阴中学2017届高三下学期期初考】everyone in the tourist industry has made the point that _ government assistance is helpful, what they actually need most is for the visitors themselves to return.a.asb.whenc.whiled.since9.【江苏省前黄高级中学2017届高三一模】_, we believe the overall policy stand is to support a two-way opening of the chinese capital market and it will continue this year, he added.a.as some bottlenecks are difficult to be brokenb.as some bottlenecks are difficult to breakc.difficult as some bottlenecks are to be brokend. difficult as some bottlenecks are to break10. 【江苏省苏锡常镇2017届高三英语教学情况调查（二）】the majority of new businesses fail because, _ they have a product or service that fills a gap in the market, they usually lack the skills in sales, marketing, and administration.a.now thatb.even ifc.as long asd.as though精准预测题一、语法填空（黑龙江省佳木斯市一中2018届高三上学期第五次调研）peking opera is being introduced to primary and middle school students in an effort _41_(promote) the traditional art to the younger generation in our country. textbooks about peking opera were firstly compiled and published by peoples education press in 2015. the textbooks for _42_ (option) courses have been put on trial use in junior middle schools in the fengtai district and _43_ (use) in middle schools across the city in the future. the textbooks _44_ primary schools also will be rolled out.since 2008, beijing _45_ (start) a program to provide opera training at dozens of primary schools. peking opera arose during _46_ rule of emperor qianlong in the qing dynasty. it flourished for decades in china and _47_ its fame spread, it drew audiences in other countries, _48_ (include) the united states and japan. yet over the years, its _49_ (popular) faded away. while a significant number of people listened to radio productions of peking opera before the 1980s, generations _50_ (bear) after that pursued pop culture over the traditional arts.二、短文改错（湖北省荆州市2018届高三上学期第一次质量检测）october 28, 2017 is an unforgettable day for i took part in the jingzhou international marathon! it was the first time that jingzhou had hosted such international sports event and there were nearly 10,000 runners joined in it. that morning, at the moment i reached the starting placeguan gong yiyuan, i found it crowded with a sea of people, exciting and cheerful. it surprised me most was a 70-year-old runner beside me, which had gone in for 92 competitions after his retirement! hearing the sound of the starting gun, i dashed out like an arrow. but with the race going on, i felt my legs as heavily as blocks of stone. i was about to give up while the old man cheered me up. because i was very tired, with his encouragement, i finished my first mini marathon.参考答案经典常规题1.【答案】c【解题思路】a. because因为；b. though尽管；c. until直到；d. since自从。如果你无法理解某个东西，你可能会去研究，学习和他人探讨直到你解决为止，根据句意可知选用until，故选c。 2.【答案】c【解题思路】a. once一旦；b. if如果；c. although尽管；d.because因为。句意：尽管鸟儿们用羽毛来飞翔，但是他们的一些羽毛还有其他用途。根据语境可知前后之间是让步关系，故选c。 3.【答案】d【解题思路】a. but但是；b. or或者；c. for因为；d. so因此。句意：peter，请给我们寄明信片，因此我们就会知道你们去哪游览过，根据语境可知前后句之间是因果关系，故用so，选d。4.【答案】d【解题思路】考查状语从句。be located in+地点名词，位于/坐落某地，where引导的地点状语从句在此相当于in some place，故选d。句意：位于丝绸之路交汇处的江苏省将会对“一带一路”的建设作出更大的贡献。5.【答案】c【解题思路】题目考查状语从句。句意：即使是九十多岁了，我的爷爷仍然时不时地打打网球。a.as long as只要，引导条件句；b.as if似乎，引导方式状语从句或表语从句；c. even though即使，引导让步状语从句；d.in case以防，引导目的状语从句。这里是转折关系，故选c。6.【答案】a【解题思路】考查原因状语从句。句意：我非常喜欢听音乐，因为它能让我放松，使我不去想其它的事情。前后是因果关系，故选a。7.【答案】d【解题思路】考查连词。because因为；if如果；unless除非，如果不；while尽管，然而，当时。句意：尽管一些人被成功的渴望驱使着，但是其他人却被失败的恐惧驱使着前进。根据句意可知上下文之间存在转折关系，所以使用“while尽管”连接。故选d。8.【答案】c【解题思路】句意：随着人口平均年龄的增长，越来越多的老人要照顾。unless除非；until直到；as因为，正如，随着；while虽然，然而，当时候。根据语境，故选c。9.【答案】c【解题思路】句意：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是不是所有的影响都是积极的。while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”；since既然，自从；after在之后；unless除非。故选c。10.【答案】d【解题思路】在一些状语从句中存在的省略问题可以归纳为以下两点：1.when，while，if，as if，although/though，as，until，once，whether，unless，where等引导的从句中，如果其谓语为be，而主语与主句的主语相同时，则从句的主语和be可省略。有时从句的主语为it时，也可省略it或从句中的有关成分。2.than,as,no matter,what/who等后面成分的省略。句意：如果电子游戏落入一个错误的人手中就能够产生一个不良影响。故选d。11.【答案】b【解题思路】句意：他是一个害羞的人，但是他并不害怕任何事和任何人。a. so因此；b. but但是；c. or或者；d. as作为。根据句意，前后句表示转折，故选b。12.【答案】b【解题思路】句意：只要你不断练习，你不会觉得剪纸很难。a. even though即使，虽然;b. as long as只要；c. as if犹如，好像；d. ever since自从。结合句意，故选b。13.【答案】c【解题思路】句意：一旦农田被毁坏，将需要许多年的时间才能得以恢复。a. until到为止，直到才，在以前；b. unless如果不，除非；c. once一旦，一经便；d. although虽然，然而，尽管。根据句意，故选c。14.【答案】b【解题思路】as 因为；before之前；since由于；after之后。句意：如果你错过这次机会，可能要等几年的时间才会再有。故选b项。15.【答案】a【解题思路】句意：正如一个单词可以改变句子的意思那样，一个句子也能够改变一个段落的意思。a意为正如，b意为尽管，用于让步状语从句，c意为直到，d意为除非。分析逗号前后表达所使用的结构句式是相同的：world对应sentence，a sentence对应paragraph。这正好是一种对应，也就是正如的关系，此外，如果把bcd选项带入进去翻译，可以发现这种翻译是不正确的。故选a。16.【答案】c【解题思路】句意：在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。a. while当时候，而；b. after在之后； c. before 在之前；d. as正如。根据句意可知选c。17.【答案】d【解题思路】考查连词。选项a意为自从；选项b意为直到；选项c意为当时；选项d意为在之前。此题前一分句意为：还有一天；后一分句意为：你最喜欢的乐队现场表演。根据句意选d，句意为：还有一天你最喜欢的乐队将会现场演奏。18.【答案】c【解题思路】句意：我相信一旦你了解这里的每个人，你将玩的很愉快。though虽然；as if好像；once一旦；so that为了。故选c。19.【答案】a【解题思路】考查连词辨析。这里是一个while引导的让步状语从句。a.while尽管（引导让步状语从句）；b.unless除非（通常用于条件状语从句）；c.since自从（引导时间状语从句）；d.until直到才（通常用在时间状语从句中）。结合句意：尽管学生都来自不同的国家，他们在夏令营里面都相处得很好。故选a。20.【答案】b【解题思路】句意：外面太冷了，你不要出去，除非用厚衣服完全裹起来。a意为如果；b意为除非；c意为一旦；d意为当的时候。“unless fully covered”为连词+省略结构，补充完整为“unless you are”。故选b。连词+省略结构省略了从句的主语（与主句主语一致）和主语后的动词be。考生应根据前后句意判断出前后逻辑关系，然后选择正确答案。同时，考生要注意归纳这类连词：when,while“表示时间”；if，unless“表示条件”；once“表示时间或条件”；though/although，even if（though）表示“让步”。21.【答案】a【解题思路】句意：曾经让他感到想放弃的地方，现在他决心继续前进。a那里；b尽管，当，因为，随着；c以防；d既然。where表示地点，引导让步状语从句；as引导让步状语从句常用倒装，即tried as he has；in case表目的；now that表原因。这里指让他感到想放弃的地方，故选a。22.【答案】c【解题思路】句意：虽然科学家已经了解到很多关于宇宙的只是，但是，我们仍然不知道的还有很多。a一旦；b既然，自从；c虽然；d除非。once和unless表示条件，since表示原因或时间；though表示让步或转折。这里是转折含义，故选c。23.【答案】c【解题思路】考查状语从句。句意：尽管这项工作需要占用大量的时间，但是大部分学生还是认为(从工作中获得的)这些经验还是值得的。根据句意可知，主从句构成让步关系。故选c。高频易错题1.【答案】d【解题思路】考查连词辨析。as long as只要；as if好像；in case以防，万一；so that以便。句意：我们把所有的书都打包放进木箱子里，以便他们不被损坏。故选d。2.【答案】a【解题思路】考查连词。in case万一；now that既然；even though即使；as long as只要。句意：在某处有两把钥匙总是一个好主意，以防你丢了第一把钥匙。故选a。3.【答案】c【解题思路】考查连词。句意：当在昆明工作的时候，在他意识到每天天气都一样之前，连续几个月来他都在早上查天气。when当时候；after在之后；before用作连词时，意思是“在之前”；since自从，故选c。4.【答案】c【解题思路】考查状语从句。a. for fear that唯恐，以免；b. in case万一，假使；c. on condition that如果；d. even if即使，虽然。句意：如果你能保持这个房间干净整洁，明天你可以使用开展俱乐部活动。此处表示条件，故选c。5.【答案】c【解题思路】考察连词。句意kate对于她在中国拍摄的照片的遗失感到很沮丧，因为她特别珍惜那段记忆。as因为。故选c。6.【答案】b【解题思路】考查连词辨析。句意：迪玛希一出现在2017歌手的舞台上，他的声音立刻就赢得了中国观众的心。as long as只要；as soon as一就；now that既然；ever since从那时起到现在。b项符合语境。7.【答案】c【解题思路】考查连词。a.如果；b.自从；c.直到；d除非。其中until+否定式，表示“直到才”。句意：“直到我经历了生活的起起伏伏，”gordon说，“我才发现自律的重要性和生活的意义。”故选c。8.【答案】c【解题思路】考查引导让步状语从句的连词。句意：从事旅游业的每个人都表示，尽管政府的援助确实有帮助，但是他们真正需要的是让游客自己回来。这里需要选择是一个引导让步状语从句的关系连词。选项a的as引导的让步状语从句需要倒装，这里没有倒装，故排除选项a；选项b的when表示“当时候”和选项d“既然”，在意义上不符，故排除b、d选项；选项c的while引导让步状语从句时，相当于though和although，表示“尽管”，故选c。9.【答案】d【解题思路】考查as引导的让步状语从句。as表“尽管”引导的让步状语从句要用部分倒装，形容词放在as前面。句意：“尽管一些瓶颈很难打碎，但是我们认为整体的政策立场是支持中国资本市场的双向开放，今年将持续”他补充说。故选d。10.【答案】b【解题思路】考查连词辨析。a. now that既然；b. even if即使；c. as long as只要；d. as though仿佛，好像。句意：多数的新业务失败了，因为即使他们有产品或者服务填补了市场空白，但他们通常在销售、营销和管理等方面缺乏技巧。根据句意选b。精准预测题一、语法填空【答案】41. to promote 42. optional 43. used 44. for 45. has started 46. the 47. as 48. including 49. popularity 50. born【解题思路】京剧是中国的国粹，然而，近年来，它的热度开始消退。为了使年轻一代更好的传承中国传统文化，北京市将大力推进京剧进校园，京剧正在被引入中小学课堂。41. 句意：为了使年轻一代更好的传承中国传统文化，京剧正在被引入中小学课堂。动词不定式做目的状语，答案为to promote。42. 句意：目前这套初中版的京剧选修教材已在丰台区初中阶段试用，将在全市推广。形容词修饰名词，答案为optional。43. 句意：目前这套初中版的京剧选修教材已在丰台区初中阶段试用，将在全市推广。根据句意可知答案为used。44. 句意：同时小学版京剧教材也将适时推出。根据句意可知答案为for。45. 根据since 2008，可知句子用现在完成时态，句子主语是beijing，所以答案为has started。46. 句意：京剧形成于清朝(1644-1911)乾隆皇帝统治时期，随着其声名鹊起。此处表示特指，答案为the。47. 句意：随着其声名鹊起，数十年来在中国盛极一时，甚至吸引了不少来自美国、日本的外国观众。根据句意可知此处是as引导的时间状语从句，答案为as。48. 句意：随着其声名鹊起，数十年来在中国盛极一时，甚至吸引了不少来自美国、日本的外国观众。including包括-在内，故答案为including。49. 句意：然而，近年来，它的热度开始消退。its是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，答案为popularity。 50. 句意：出生于80年前的老一辈人中，有相当一部分只能去听一些京剧的音像制品，而80年以后的人们都渐