高考英语语法专题复习：定语从句公开课件

定语从句Theattributiveclauses,高考英语语法专题复习之-,知识回顾考点精讲跟踪练习真题链接,定语从句Theattributiveclauses,Thebabyisreading.,Thebabyis_,listeningtomusic.,Thebabyhas_,bigeyes.,Thebabyis_,carriedbyafamousstar.,Whichbabydoyoulikemost?,Whichbabydoyoulike?,Ilikethebaby.,Thebabyisreading.,Ilikethebabywho/thatisreading.,Whichbabydoyoulike?,Ilikethebaby.,Thebabyislisteningtomusic.,Ilikethebabywho/thatislisteningtomusic.,Whichbabydoyoulike?,Ilikethebaby.,Thebabyseyesarebig.,Ilikethebabywhoseeyesarebig.,Whichbabydoyoulike?,Ilikethebaby.,Afamousstariscarryingthebaby.,Ilikethebabywho/whom/that/-afamousstariscarrying.,Theattributiveclauses,Ilikethebabywho/thatisreading.,Ilikethebabywho/thatislisteningtomusic.,Ilikethebabywhoseeyesarebig.,Ilikethebabywho/whom/that/-afamousstariscarrying.,TheAttributiveClauses,定语从句,定语从句:在复合句中,修饰某一或的从句叫定语从句.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“”.引导定语从句的词叫“”,名词,代词,先行词,关系词,基础知识,Ilikethebabywho/thatisreading.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句,基础知识,TheaccidenthappenedatthetimewhenIleft.,Hismother,whomheloveddeeply,diedtenyearsago.,限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句,引导定语从句的关系词,指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因,who,whom,thatwhich,that,aswhose,ofwhich/whomwherewhenwhy,关系代词,关系副词,注：关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，通常可以省略。,.,定语从句考点精讲,常见考点与难点归纳,1.that与which2.关系副词的用法3.介词+关系词4.关系词as的用法5.定从与其他复合句的区分6.综合考查,考点,难点,.,考点一、thatorwhich?,1.Thisisall_Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanythingelse_yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it,A,B,B,Choosethecorrectanswers:,4.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.whichhaveeverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten5.Thescientistandhisachievements_youtoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose6.Whichofthebooks_wereborrowedfromhimisthebest?A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whose,A,C,B,先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much等不定代词时;先行词被all,any,every,no,some,little,much等词修饰时;先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;先行词被theonly,thevery(正是,恰是),thelast修饰时;当先行词既有人又有物,定语从句用that引导(that既可指人也可指物)若主句中有疑问代词who,which时，为了避免重复,关系代词不再用who,which.,-结论1:先行词有下列情况时,通常用关系代词that：,1.Ihavelostmywatch,_Ilikeverymuch.2.TaiwanispartofChina,_isknowntoallofus.3.Canyoulendmethebookabout_youtalkedlastnight?,which,which,which,Choosing:thatorwhich?,结论2.引导非限定性定语从句时，用关系代词which,不用that,且不省略。介词+关系词引导定语从句,先行词是物时，只用which，不用that.,1.(2010全国，16）Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_wassomeoneelsesfault.A.whoB.thatC.asD.what,高考真题链接,2.(2011北京，26）MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,_,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that,高考真题链接,Tips:注意插入语,.,考点二、关系副词的用法,关系副词when,where,why引导定语从句时，when在从句中充当时间状语,where在从句中充当地点状语，why在从句中充当原因状语，介词whichDoyoustillremembertheday_wejoinedtheParty?,=onwhich,when,Thisisthefactory_myfatherworks?,Thisisthefactory_wevisitedlastweek?,Thatisthereason_youarealwayslate.,Thatisthereason_hegaveus.,which/that/-,which/that/-,where/inwhich,why/forwhich,Blank-filling:,先行词为时间、地点、原因的名词时,关系词在定从中作状语时,关系词在定从中作主语或者宾语时,whenWherewhy,=,介词+which,that/which,要点一：,1.A.Pisaisacity,_hasaleaningtower.B.Pisaisacity,_thereisaleaningtower.a.whichb.thatc.whered.there2.A.Westillrememberedthedays_wetravelledtogether.B.Westillrememberedthedays_hatd.there,a,c,a,b,PRACTICEMAKESPERFECT,1.Ivecometothepoint_Icantstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituation_awarwillbreakoutatanytime.,我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。,国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。,要点二、某些特殊词之后的where,解析：某些抽象地点名词如：point,stage,situation,case,condition,activity,celebration等做先行词时，定语从句常用where引导，表示抽象化的地点。,where,where,1.(2010福建，24）StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet_lifehasdevelopedgradually.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose,高考真题链接,2.(2011天津，10）Thedaysaregone_physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which,高考真题链接,3.(2011山东，32）Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_arebuiltclosetoeachother.A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that,高考真题链接,4.(2009浙江，14）Ihavereachedapointinmylife_Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.A.whichB.whereC.howD.why,高考真题链接,.,考点三、介词+关系词,Thisisthemachineon_shespent1000dollars.XiaoWang,with_Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.,which,whom,要点1：紧跟介词的关系词，引导定语从句时,指事物用which,指人用whom。,用适当的关系词填空：,1.Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding_thereisawell?A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhoseC.infrontofwhichD.infrontofthat2.Illneverforgettheday_Ifirstmetyou.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.whichD.atwhich3.Thewoman_mybrotherspokejustnowismyteacher.A.whoB.towhomC.towhoDwhom,C,A,B,Choosethecorrectanswers:,1）、看定语从句中动词或者形容词与介词的习惯搭配；-Whatwerethethings_whichhewasnotsosure?2）、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词的习惯搭配；-Thespeed_whichyoudriveyourcarmustntbetoohigh.3）、可以通过句子的整体含义,结合生活实际来判断。-Chinahasmanyrivers,_whichtheYangtzeRiveristhelongest.,要点2：介词关系代词引导的定语从句中,介词如何选择,about,at,of/among,1.Jeannewasheroldfriend,_sheborrowedanecklace.A.fromwhoB.fromwhomC.tothatD.towhom2.Hisglasses,_hewaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbrokeitsleg.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.that3.Sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,_muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhom,B,C,D,PRACTICEMAKESPERFECT,1.(2010上海，38）Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergy_wemayreturninthenearfuture.A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich,高考真题链接,2.(2009全国，28）Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof_Ihadevermetbefore.A.themB.whoC.whomD.that,高考真题链接,.,考点四、关系词as的用法,关系代词as既可以引导限制性定从，也可以引导非限制性定从，常用于以下情况：,1.先行词有so,such,thesame修饰时，后面的定语从句常用as引导，as在从句中可充当主语，宾语，表语。Thereisnosuchplace_youdreamofinthisworld.世界上绝没有像你梦想的那样的地方。Ihavethesametrouble_youhave.我和你有同样的麻烦。,as,as,在非限制性定语从句中，as常用于固定搭配。Asisknowntoall/Asweallknow众所周知Ashasbeensaid/mentionedbefore如前所述Asoftenhappens/Asisoftenthecase正如经常发生的那样,1._wasnatural,hemarriedJenny.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As2.Suchsigns_weuseintheexperiment_Greekletters.A.as,areB.as,isC.that,areD.that,is3.Ipassedhimalargeglassofwhisky,_hedrankimmediately.A.thatB.asC.whichD.who,D,A,C,Choosethecorrectanswers:,要点:引导非限制性定语从句时，as跟which的区别：,1.Itwasraining,_wasapity.A.whatB.thatC.thewhichD.which2._hasbeensaidabove,grammarisnotasetofdeadrules.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.As3.Wedothesamework_theydo.A.whichB.asC.thanD.like4.Theearthisround,_isknowntousall.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as,D,D,B,D,PRACTICEMAKESPERFECT,1._isgenerallythecase,thosewhocarefortheweakestmembersofsocietyarerespected.A.WhichB.ThatC.WhatD.As,高考真题链接,2.TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,_isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which,高考真题链接,.,考点五：定语从句与其他复合句的区分,1.定语从句与同位语从句,Weallhaveheardthenews_ourteamwon.Wedontbelievethenews_hetoldusyesterday.,that,that/which,同位语从句，that从句表示的是news的内容，that在从句中不作任何成分。,定语从句，that引导的句子修饰前面的news，that/which在从句中充当宾语。,2.定语从句与状语从句,Heleftthekey_hehadbeenanhourbefore.Helefttheplace_helivedformanyyears.,where,where,where引导的是状语从句，表示地点；相当于intheplacewhere,where引导的是定语从句，修饰theplace，where在从句中做状语。,易混淆句型,Heissuchagoodteacher_allofusloveandrespect.Heissuchagoodteacher_wealllikehim.,as,that,as引导的是限制性定语从句，as在从句中充当宾语。,that引导的是结果状语从句,在句子中不作成分，句型suchthat翻译成“如此以致”,3定语从句与主语从句,_isknowntousall,paperwasfirstmadeinChina._isknowntousallthatpaperwasfirstmadeinChina.,As,It,as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，可置于句首，句中，句末。,it做形式主语，指代that引导的主语从句,4定语从句与强调结构,Itisthehouse_Imettheyoungman.Itwasinthehouse_Imettheyoungman.,where,that,(where引导的是定语从句，修饰house，where在定语从句中作地点状语),(本句为强调结构，去掉itwasthat,句子依然完整，可还原为Imettheyoungmaninthehouse.),1.A.Thenews_hetolduswasveryexciting.B.Hehasbroughtusthenews_ourteamhaswonthegame.a.whatb.as